| 1. |
- Lind, Anne-Li
(författare)
-
Biomarkers for Better Understanding of the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Chronic Pain : Investigations of Human Biofluids
- 2017
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Chronic pain affects 20 % of the global population, causes suffering, is difficult to treat, and constitutes a large economic burden for society. So far, the characterization of molecular mechanisms of chronic pain-like behaviors in animal models has not translated into effective treatments.In this thesis, consisting of five studies, pain patient biofluids were analyzed with modern proteomic methods to identify biomarker candidates that can be used to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology chronic pain and lead to more effective treatments.Paper I is a proof of concept study, where a multiplex solid phase-proximity ligation assay (SP-PLA) was applied to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the first time. CSF reference protein levels and four biomarker candidates for ALS were presented. The investigated proteins were not altered by spinal cord stimulation (SCS) treatment for neuropathic pain. In Paper II, patient CSF was explored by dimethyl and label-free mass spectrometric (MS) proteomic methods. Twelve proteins, known for their roles in neuroprotection, nociceptive signaling, immune regulation, and synaptic plasticity, were identified to be associated with SCS treatment of neuropathic pain. In Paper III, proximity extension assay (PEA) was used to analyze levels of 92 proteins in serum from patients one year after painful disc herniation. Patients with residual pain had significantly higher serum levels of 41 inflammatory proteins. In Paper IV, levels of 55 proteins were analyzed by a 100-plex antibody suspension bead array (ASBA) in CSF samples from two neuropathic pain patient cohorts, one cohort of fibromyalgia patients and two control cohorts. CSF protein profiles consisting of levels of apolipoprotein C1, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2, angiotensinogen, prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase, neurexin-1, superoxide dismutases 1 and 3 were found to be associated with neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia. In Paper V, higher CSF levels of five chemokines and LAPTGF-beta-1were detected in two patient cohorts with neuropathic pain compared with healthy controls.In conclusion, we demonstrate that combining MS proteomic and multiplex antibody-based methods for analysis of patient biofluid samples is a viable approach for discovery of biomarker candidates for the pathophysiology and treatment of chronic pain. Several biomarker candidates possibly reflecting systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and neuroinflammation in different pain conditions were identified for further investigation.
|
|
| 2. |
- Djureinovic, Dijana, et al.
(författare)
-
Multiplex plasma protein profiling identifies novel markers to discriminate patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung
- 2019
-
Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407 .- 1471-2407. ; 19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:The overall prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poor, and currently only patients with localized disease are potentially curable. Therefore, preferably non-invasively determined biomarkers that detect NSCLC patients at early stages of the disease are of high clinical relevance. The aim of this study was to identify and validate novel protein markers in plasma using the highly sensitive DNA-assisted multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) to discriminate NSCLC from other lung diseases. Methods:Plasma samples were collected from a total of 343 patients who underwent surgical resection for different lung diseases, including 144 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC),68 patients with non-malignant lung disease, 83 with lung metastasis of colorectal cancers and 48 patients with typical carcinoid. One microliter of plasma was analyzed using PEA, allowing detection and quantification of 92 established cancer related proteins. The concentrations of the plasma proteins were compared between disease groups.Results:The comparison between LAC and benign samples revealed significantly different plasma levels for four proteins; CXL17, CEACAM5, VEGFR2 and ERBB3 (adjusted p-value < 0.05). A multi-parameter classifier was developed to discriminate between samples from LAC patients and from patients with non-malignant lung conditions. With a bootstrap aggregated decision tree algorithm (TreeBagger) a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 64% was achieved to detect LAC in this risk population. Conclusion:By applying the highly sensitive PEA, reliable protein profiles could be determined in microliter amounts of plasma. We further identified proteins that demonstrated different plasma concentration in defined disease groups and developed a signature that holds potential to be included in a screening assay for early lung cancer detection.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Björkesten, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Stability of Proteins in Dried Blood Spot Biobanks.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 16:7, s. 1286-1296
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important motivation for the construction of biobanks is to discover biomarkers that identify diseases at early, potentially curable stages. This will require biobanks from large numbers of individuals, preferably sampled repeatedly, where the samples are collected and stored under conditions that preserve potential biomarkers. Dried blood samples are attractive for biobanking because of the ease and low cost of collection and storage. Here we have investigated their suitability for protein measurements. 92 proteins with relevance for oncology were analyzed using multiplex proximity extension assays (PEA) in dried blood spots collected on paper and stored for up to 30 years at either +4°C or -24°C. Our main findings were that 1) the act of drying only slightly influenced detection of blood proteins (average correlation of 0.970), and in a reproducible manner (correlation of 0.999), 2) detection of some proteins was not significantly affected by storage over the full range of three decades (34% and 76% of the analyzed proteins at +4°C and -24°C, respectively), while levels of others decreased slowly during storage with half-lives in the range of 10 to 50 years, and 3) detectability of proteins was less affected in dried samples stored at -24°C compared to at +4°C, as the median protein abundance had decreased to 80% and 93% of starting levels after 10 years of storage at +4°C or -24°C, respectively. The results of our study are encouraging as they suggest an inexpensive means to collect large numbers of blood samples, even by the donors themselves, and to transport, and store biobanked samples as spots of whole blood dried on paper. Combined with emerging means to measure hundreds or thousands of protein, such biobanks could prove of great medical value by greatly enhancing discovery as well as routine analysis of blood biomarkers.
|
|
| 5. |
- Dubois, Louise, et al.
(författare)
-
Human erythrocyte-derived nanovesicles can readily be loaded with doxorubicin and act as anticancer agents
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Cancer Research Frontiers. - : Cancer Research Frontiers. - 2328-5249. ; 4:1, s. 13-26
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In future therapeutics new formulas are needed that assure lower doses, fewer side effects, targeted administration and protection of the drug from degradation. In a first step to fulfil the requirements defined above, we carried out an in vitro study by developing a new procedure to encapsulate drugs using native vesicles first from prostasomes and then from erythrocyte membranes known to be well tolerated. The new method for production of drug delivery vesicles utilized osmotic loading of detergent resistant membranes (DRMs).Materials and methods: DRMs of prostasomes and prepared human erythrocyte membranes were extracted and separated in a sucrose gradient at a density of 1.10 g/mL containing 1% Triton X-100. These DRMs were characterized by electron microscopy (transmission and scanning EM) and loaded with low and high molecular compounds. PC3 prostate cancer cells were treated with doxorubicin loaded DRMs in triplicate. DAPI (nuclear fluorescent stain) was included and fluorescence microscopic pictures were taken before the cells were trypsinized and counted after 48h.Results: The content of the well separated band was observed ultrastructurally as small spherical, double layered membrane vesicles, (DRM vesicles) which harbored hyperosmolar sucrose of the gradient. Encapsulated hyperosmolar sucrose induced a transient osmotic lysis of the DRM vesicles when suspended in isotonic buffer containing loading molecules allowing vesicular inclusion. After this proof of concept, the method was finally employed for doxorubicin loading of DRM vesicles from human erythrocytes. When incubating such vesicles with PC3 cells a complete arrest of growth was observed in sharp contrast to PC3 cells incubated with plain doxorubicin in similar conditions.Conclusion: The present results open up new possibilities for using DRM vesicles as drug delivery vesicles.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Ebai, Tonge, et al.
(författare)
-
Analytically Sensitive Protein Detection in Microtiter Plates by Proximity Ligation with Rolling Circle Amplification
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9147 .- 1530-8561. ; 63:9, s. 1497-1505
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Detecting proteins at low concentrations in plasma is crucial for early diagnosis. Current techniques in clinical routine, such as sandwich ELISA, provide sensitive protein detection because of a dependence on target recognition by pairs of antibodies, but detection of still lower protein concentrations is often called for. Proximity ligation assay with rolling circle amplification (PLARCA) is a modified proximity ligation assay (PLA) for analytically specific and sensitive protein detection via binding of target proteins by 3 antibodies, and signal amplification via rolling circle amplification (RCA) in microtiter wells, easily adapted to instrumentation in use in hospitals.METHODS: Proteins captured by immobilized antibodies were detected using a pair of oligonucleotide-conjugated antibodies. Upon target recognition, these PLA probes guided oligonucleotide ligation, followed by amplification via RCA of circular DNA strands that formed in the reaction. The RCA products were detected by horseradish peroxidase-labeled oligonucleotides to generate colorimetric reaction products with readout in an absorbance microplate reader.RESULTS: We compared detection of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, p53, and growth differentiation factor-15 by PLARCA and conventional sandwich ELISA or immuno RCA. PLARCA detected lower concentrations of proteins and exhibited a broader dynamic range compared ELISA and iRCA using the same antibodies. IL-4 and IL-6 were detected in clinical samples at femtomolar concentrations, considerably lower than for ELISA.CONCLUSIONS: PLARCA offers detection of lower protein levels and increased dynamic ranges compared to ELISA. The PLARCA procedure may be adapted to routine instrumentation available in hospitals and research laboratories.
|
|
| 8. |
- Larsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
The body mass index (BMI) is significantly correlated with levels of cytokines and chemokines in cerebrospinal fluid
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Cytokine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1043-4666 .- 1096-0023. ; 76:2, s. 514-518
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cytokines and chemokines regulate many functions in the body including the brain. The interactions between adipose tissue and the central nervous system (CNS) are important for the regulation of energy balance. CNS function is also influenced by age. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and age on cytokine and chemokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid samples (n=89) were collected from patients undergoing routine surgical procedures. The samples were analyzed using the multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) in which 92 different cytokines are measured simultaneously using minute sample volume. We found no significant correlations between age and cytokine levels for any of the studied markers. In contrast, at a false discovery rate of 10%, 19 markers were significantly associated with BMI (in decreasing significance: FGF-5, ADA, Beta-NGF, CD40, IL-10RB, CCL19, TGF-alpha, SIRT2, TWEAK, SCF, CSF-1, 4E-BP1, DNER, LIF-R, STAMPB, CXCL10, CXCL6, VEGF-A and CX3CL1). This study reveals a clear effect of BMI on cytokine and chemokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Shen, Qiujin, et al.
(författare)
-
Strong impact on plasma protein profiles by precentrifugation delay but not by repeated freeze-thaw cycles, as analyzed using multiplex proximity extension assays
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. - : WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH. - 1434-6621 .- 1437-4331. ; 56:4, s. 582-594
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A number of factors regarding blood collection, handling and storage may affect sample quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact on plasma protein profiles by delayed centrifugation and plasma separation and multiple freeze-thaw cycles.Methods: Blood samples drawn from 16 healthy individuals were collected into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tubes and kept either at 4 degrees C or 22 degrees C for 1-36 h prior to centrifugation. Plasma samples prepared 1 h after venipuncture were also subjected to two to eight cycles of freezing at -80 degrees C and thawing at 22 degrees C. Multiplex proximity extension assay, an antibody-based protein assay, was used to investigate the influence on plasma proteins.Results: Up to 36 h delay before blood centrifugation resulted in significant increases of 16 and 40 out of 139 detectable proteins in samples kept at 4 degrees C or 22 degrees C, respectively. Some increases became noticeable after 8 h delay at 4 degrees C but already after 1 h at 22 degrees C. For samples stored at 4 degrees C, epidermal growth factor (EGF), NF-kappa-B essential modulator, SRC, interleukin 16 and CD6 increased the most, whereas the five most significantly increased proteins after storage at 22 degrees C were CD40 antigen ligand (CD40-L), EGF, platelet-derived growth factor subunit B, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 and matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1). Only matrix metallopeptidase 7 (MMP7) decreased significantly over time and only after storage at 22 degrees C. No protein levels were found to be significantly affected by up to eight freeze-thaw cycles.Conclusions: Plasma should be prepared from blood after a limited precentrifugation delay at a refrigerated temperature. By contrast, the influence by several freeze-thaw cycles on detectable protein levels in plasma was negligible.
|
|
