| 1. |
- Graflund, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Immunohistochemical expression of p53, bcl-2, and p21WAF1/CIP1 in early cervical carcinoma : Correlation with clinical outcome
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. - Malden, USA : BMJ. - 1048-891X .- 1525-1438. ; 12:3, s. 290-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to assess the value of p53, bcl-2, and p21WAF1/CIP1 immunoreactivity as predictors of pelvic lymph node metastases (LNM), recurrences, and death due to the disease in early stage (FIGO I-II) cervical carcinomas. FIGO stage, type of histopathology, and tumor grade were also evaluated in this series of patients treated by radical hysterectomy (Wertheim-Meigs) between 1965 and 1990. A total of 172 patients were included. A tumor was regarded as positive when more than 30% of the neoplastic cells exhibited immunoreactivity. Positive immunostaining was found in 8.9% for p53, in 43.5% for bcl-2, and in 25.0% for p21WAF1/CIP1. None of them was able to predict LNM or clinical outcome. Presence of LNM, tumor recurrence, and death from disease were significantly associated with the FIGO stage (P = 0.014, P = 0.009, and P = 0.001, respectively). The 5-year cancer-specific survival rate was 91.6% and the overall survival rate was 90.5%. It was concluded that immunohistochemically detected p53, bcl-2, and p21WAF1/CIP1 appeared to be of no predictive value with regard to LNM, tumor recurrences, or long-term survival in early cervical carcinomas.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Patiyan, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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PIK3CA, HRAS and KRAS gene mutations in human penile cancer
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - New York, USA : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0022-5347 .- 1527-3792. ; 179:5, s. 2030-2034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The knowledge of somatic mutations that arise in penile cancer is limited. We examined the dysregulation of components in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and Ras pathways. Materials and Methods: Using single stranded conformational analysis and direct sequencing we performed mutational analysis of the PIK3CA, PTEN, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and BRAF genes in 28 penile tumors. Results: We identified somatic missense mutations in 11 of the 28 penile cancer samples (39%). In the PIK3CA gene 8 mutations (29%) were identified that were E542K or E545K. In the HRAS gene a G12S and a Q61L mutation were found (7%). The KRAS gene contained 1 mutation (3%), that is a G12S change. PIK3CA mutations were found in all grades and stages, whereas HRAS and KRAS mutations were found in larger and more advanced tumors. The mutations were mutually exclusive, suggesting that dysregulation of either pathway is sufficient for the development and progression of penile carcinoma. Conclusions: The high frequency of mutations in the PIK3CA, HRAS and KRAS genes leads us to believe that dysregulation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase or Ras pathway is significant for the development and progression of penile carcinoma.
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| 3. |
- Jahnson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor mapping of regional immunostaining for p21, p53, and mdm2 in locally advanced bladder carcinoma
- 2000
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Ingår i: Cancer. - New York, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 89:3, s. 619-629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to elucidate the associations among immunostaining for p53, p21, and mdm2; their respective expression within each tumor; and the value of these variables for predicting treatment outcome after cystectomy for patients with locally advanced bladder carcinoma.Methods: The hospital records from all 173 patients treated with cystectomy for locally advanced urothelial bladder carcinoma between 1967 and 1992 were retrospectively reviewed. Three consecutive sections from biopsies taken before any treatment were stained using the standard immunohistochemical technique for p53, p21, and mdm2, respectively. The cutoff limit was 20% or more for positive p53 expression and 10% or more for positive p21 and mdm2 expression.Results: Positive immunostaining was observed for p53 in 98 tumors (57%), for p21 in 89 tumors (51%), and for mdm2 in only 16 tumors (9%). The only association found between immunostaining for the three antibodies was that most mdm2-positive tumors had positive p21 expression. Tumor mapping of regional immunostaining showed no association between immunostaining for p53 and p21. In a proportional hazards analysis, no association was found between the results of immunostaining for the three antibodies and treatment outcome.Conclusions: Positive or negative expression of p53, p21, or mdm2, or combinations of these, was not associated with cancer specific mortality after cystectomy for bladder carcinoma. There was no association between immunostaining for p21 and p53, whereas positive immunostaining for mdm2 was observed in a minority of the tumors. These results indicate that, in addition to p21, p53, and mdm2, there are other oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins along the p53 pathway that are involved in tumor development and progression.
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| 4. |
- Sriplakich, S., et al.
(författare)
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Epidermal growth factor receptor expression : predictive value for the outcome after cystectomy for bladder cancer?
- 1999
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Ingår i: BJU International. - Oxon, United Kingdom : Blackwell Publishing. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 83:4, s. 498-503
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To determine whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) immunostaining of tumour cells is associated with cancer-specific death after cystectomy for locally advanced bladder cancer.Patients and Methods: The hospital records of all patients treated with cystectomy for urothelial cancer of the urinary bladder between 1967 and 1992 were reviewed retrospectively. The paraffin-embedded specimens obtained before treatment from 173 patients were processed for immunohistochemical staining, using the monoclonal antibody NCL-EGFR (Novocastra, UK). EGFR immunostaining was considered positive if membrane staining was found in at > or = 20% of tumour cells in one or more fields at > or = 200 (area 0.59 mm2).Results: Most patients (149) received preoperative irradiation and one had neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The mean observation time was 81.3 months; 63 patients (36%) had tumour recurrence within 1-80 months (mean 18.3). Positive EGFR immunostaining was found in 100 patients (58%). The proportion of T2-4 tumours was higher in those EGFR-positive than in those EGFR-negative. Proportional-hazards analysis revealed that clinical stage was significantly associated with cancer-specific death, but EGFR expression was not.Conclusion: Although positive immunostaining for EGFR was more frequent in higher stages of locally advanced bladder cancer, this variable was not an independent predictor of outcome after cystectomy.
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| 5. |
- Hellquist, Henrik B., et al.
(författare)
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Salivary duct carcinoma : a highly aggressive salivary gland tumour with overexpression of c-erbB-2
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Pathology. - West Sussex, United Kingdom : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-3417 .- 1096-9896. ; 172:1, s. 35-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The clinicopathological and immunocytochemical features of nine cases of salivary duct carcinoma are described. This relatively rare tumour, which only recently has been widely recognized as a separate entity, is highly malignant and caused the death in eight of the patients. The tumour cells are arranged in cribriform and solid growth patterns, where the solid tumour nests frequently have comedo necrosis, and a fibrous, often sclerotic, stroma is present. The infiltrating desmoplasmic component and the diffuse invasive growth into adjacent adipose parotid tissue have similarities to ductal breast carcinoma. Immunocytochemical investigation of salivary duct carcinoma showed constant overexpression of c-erbB-2 as detected by membrane accentuation, and high proliferative activity as detected by nuclear positivity for MIB 1 (Ki-67). Changes in the expression of p53 and retinoblastoma gene product do not constitute a constant event in salivary duct carcinoma. A few of the tumours showed scattered cells with distinct nuclear positivity for both progesterone and oestrogen receptors. We emphasize that this highly malignant salivary gland tumour has a characteristic morphology, may not be as rare as previously considered, and that prompt and aggressive therapy is needed.
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| 6. |
- Tsui, Janice C. S., et al.
(författare)
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Localization of nitric oxide synthase in saphenous vein grafts harvested with a novel "no-touch" technique : potential role of nitric oxide contribution to improved early graft patency rates.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Vascular Surgery. - New York, USA : Elsevier. - 0741-5214 .- 1097-6809. ; 35:2, s. 356-362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The use of the saphenous vein in coronary artery bypass graft surgery is associated with high 1-year occlusion rates of as much as 30%. A new "no-touch" technique of saphenous vein harvesting in which the vein is harvested with a pedicle of surrounding tissue and not distended may result in improved early patency rates. We hypothesize that nitric oxide synthase is better preserved with the no-touch technique, and the aim of this study was the investigation of whether nitric oxide synthase distribution and quantity in saphenous veins harvested with the no-touch technique differ from those veins harvested with the conventional technique. The separate contribution of perivascular tissue removal and distension to alterations in nitric oxide synthase was also studied.Methods: Segments of 10 saphenous veins were harvested from 10 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with the no-touch and conventional techniques. Samples were also taken from segments that were stripped of surrounding tissue but not distended. Nitric oxide synthase distribution was studied with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate--diaphorase histochemistry, and staining was quantified with image analysis. Immunohistochemistry was used for the identification of specific nitric oxide synthase isoforms, and immunomarkers were used for the identification of associated cell types.Results: Nitric oxide synthase content was higher in no-touch vessels as compared with conventionally harvested vessels (35.5%; P <.05, with analysis of variance). This content was associated with endothelial nitric oxide synthase on the lumen while all three isoforms were present in the media. In the intact adventitia of no-touch vessels, all three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase were also present, associated with microvessels and perivascular nerves. Perivascular tissue stripping and venous distension both contribute to the reduced nitric oxide synthase in conventionally harvested veins.Conclusion: The new no-touch technique of saphenous vein harvesting preserves nitric oxide synthase, which suggests that improved nitric oxide availability may be an important mechanism in the success of this technique.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Davidsson, Åke, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Allergen-induced changes of B-cell phenotypes in patients with allergic rhinitis
- 1994
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Ingår i: Rhinology. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : International Rhinologic Society. - 0300-0729 .- 1996-8604. ; 32:4, s. 184-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated sub-populations of B-lymphocytes in nasal mucosa and peripheral blood of 17 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (birch pollen) and 10 controls. The study included provocation with allergen during the non-pollen season, during which no participant used medication. Samples were also taken during the pollen season. Subsets of B-cells as expressed by different CD antigens were investigated by immunohistochemistry on frozen sections and by flow cytometry of peripheral blood. Nasal CD23+ B-cells decreased in allergic patients during provocation, indicating that mature virgin CD23+ B-cells switch into a memory B-cell phenotype with loss of CD23 expression. This indicates differentiation towards cells that can represent a local source for IgE synthesis. No decrease was observed during the pollen season when the patients used medication. Serum IgE was significantly higher in allergic patients on all occasions. The observed up-regulation of CD40 expression on peripheral blood B-cells in allergic patients during the pollen season clearly indicate B-cell activation. Furthermore, a relative increase of CD19+ B-cells was observed in peripheral blood during provocation. Upregulation (by IL-4) of CD40 on B-cells which then may be stimulated by gp39 (CD40 ligand) can constitute an early and important event in the IgE-mediated allergic reaction.
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| 9. |
- Davidsson, Åke, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Positive identification in situ of mRNA expression of IL-6, and IL-12, and the chemotactic cytokine RANTES in patients with chronic sinusitis and polypoid disease. Clinical relevance and relation to allergy
- 1996
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - Oxfordshire, United Kingdom : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 116:4, s. 604-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukins 6 (IL-6) and 12 (IL-12), and the chemoattractant chemokine RANTES were studied in ethmoidal mucosa, using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The 49 patients had chronic sinusitis or nasal/paranasal polyposis, and some also allergy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates RANTES and IL-12 on mRNA level in human sinonasal mucosa in situ. mRNA for IL-6, IL-12 and RANTES were detected in 2, 8 and 6 patients with chronic sinusitis, respectively, and in mucosa from patients with polyposis a positive expression was observed in 4, 14 and 10 cases. There were no statistically significant differences. Analysing the entire group of 49 patients, disregarding type of mucosal disease, the number of patients with positive RANTES was significantly higher than that for IL-6. Similarly, IL-12 positivity was more frequently expressed than IL-6. mRNA for IL-6 was expressed in only 2 of the allergic patients. The cytokine production studied thus seems to be unrelated to the clinically defined entities. There is thus a local production in human diseased sinonasal mucosa of RANTES, as well as of IL-6 and IL-12. The local production of RANTES is an important prerequisite for recruitment and migration of inflammatory cells into the tissue. IL-12 is a co-stimulator of antigen-specific responses of established T helper 1 (Th1) clones, and regulates the responsiveness of the clones to a number of T cell growth factors. The study supports a shift towards Th1 cells in these disease entities.
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| 10. |
- Fernandes, Oswaldo J. C. B., et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic factors for the survival of surgically treated patients for non-small cell lung cancer
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - Oslo, Norway : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 42:4, s. 338-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The survival and outcome rates of 284 patients who underwent surgical treatment for non-small cell lung cancer were assessed retrospectively. Resectability rate was 94.1%, hospital mortality 3.9% (n = 11) and the mortality rates in patients who underwent pneumonectomy or lobectomy were 8.9% and 0.6%, respectively. The overall 5-year survival was 43.6%. Female gender, earlier stages of disease and a complete resection were strongly predictive for a long-term survival. Women in stage IA disease had a 5-year survival rate of 92.7%. The 5-year survival rate for patients in stages IIIA and N2 disease who underwent a complete resection was 21.9%, and 9% for those who did not undergo a complete resection. It is concluded that the best surgical results were observed in women who were operated on at an early stage of disease. A complete resection also contributed to a better outcome, even for patients in stage IIIA and N2 disease.
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