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Sökning: AMNE:(MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Psykiatri) > Sophiahemmet Högskola

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1.
  • Omerov, Pernilla, et al. (författare)
  • Preparatory Studies to a Population-Based Survey of Suicide-Bereaved Parents in Sweden.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Crisis. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0227-5910 .- 2151-2396. ; 34:3, s. 200-210
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: There is a need for evidence-based guidelines on how professionals should act following a suicide. In an effort to provide empiric knowledge, we designed a nationwide population-based study including suicide-bereaved parents. Aim: To describe the process from creating hypotheses through interviews to the development of a population-based questionnaire. Method: We used interviews, qualitative analysis and various means of validation to create a study-specific questionnaire to be used in a nonselected nationwide population of suicide-bereaved parents and a control population of nonbereaved (N = 2:1). The Swedish Register of Causes of Death and the Multigeneration Register were used to identify eligible individuals. All presumptive participants received a letter of invitation followed by a personal contact. Results: We developed a questionnaire covering the participants' perception of participation, their daily living, psychological morbidity, professional actions, and other experiences in immediate connection to the time before and after the suicide. Almost three out of four parents (bereaved = 666, nonbereaved = 377) responded to the questionnaire. Conclusions: By involving parents early in the research process we were able to create a questionnaire that generated a high participation rate in a nationwide population-based study that might help us to answer our hypotheses about bereavement after suicide.
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2.
  • Sveen, Josefin, et al. (författare)
  • They still grieve : a nationwide follow‐up of young adults 2–9 years after losing a sibling to cancer
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Psycho-Oncology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 23:6, s. 658-664
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of unresolved grief in bereaved young adult siblings and examine possible contributing factors.Methods: The study was a Swedish population-based study of young adults who had lost a brother or sister to cancer, 2-9 years earlier. Of 240 eligible siblings, 174 (73%) completed a study-specific questionnaire. This study focused on whether the respondents had worked through their grief over the sibling's death and to what extent.Results: A majority (54%) of siblings stated that they had worked through their grief either 'not at all' or 'to some extent' at the time of investigation. In multiple regression analyses with unresolved grief as the dependent variable, 21% of the variance was explained by lack of social support and shorter time since loss.Conclusion: The majority of bereaved young adults had not worked through their grief over the sibling's death. A small group of siblings reported that they had not worked through their grief at all, which may be an indicator of prolonged grief. Lack of social support and more recent loss were associated with not having worked through the grief over the sibling's death. Keywords:  bereavement; cancer; grief; oncology; sibling loss; young adult loss.
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3.
  • Identeg, Fredrik, 1990, et al. (författare)
  • Mental health problems, sleep quality and overuse injuries in advanced Swedish rock-climbers - the CLIMB study.
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2052-1847. ; 16:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress), sleep quality, and disability due to overuse injuries in advanced and elite rock-climbers. The rock-climbers were compared to a group of non-climbing controls.METHODS: A self-selected sample of advanced and elite Swedish rock-climbing athletes was recruited through the Swedish Rock-climbing Federation, local rock-climbing gyms and through social media. A control group, matched in size was recruited. Participants in the control group answered an online survey of validated questionnaires, examining symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality. The climbing participants answered the same survey as the non-climbing controls but with additional questions regarding musculoskeletal problems and disabilities related to these. Outcome measures used were the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire.RESULTS: A total of 183 participants were included in the rock-climbing group, and 180 participants in the control group. In the rock-climbing group the mean age (SD) was 28.2 (8.3) years among women and 30.5 (9.6) years in men. The mean BMI of women was 21.2 (2.2) and 22.8 (2.1) in men. A total of 30.6% of the rock-climbing group (26.7% of men, 35.9% of women) reported at least moderate levels of symptoms of depression and 23.1% (17.2% men, 30.8% women) at least moderate levels of symptoms of anxiety. A total of 48.4% of rock-climbers (39.1% men, and 61.6% women) reported at least moderate levels of symptoms of stress. Among the rock-climbers, 45.0% reported having poor sleep quality. There were no statistical significant differences (p = 0.052-0.96) in mental health problems or sleeping problems between the rock-climbers and the controls. Among rock-climbers, reports of one-week prevalence of injury related problems was: Finger and hand (49.5%), Shoulder (35.2%), Knee (29.1%), Lumbar back (26.4%), Arm (25.3%), Thoracic back and neck (17.0%), and Foot and lower leg (12.1%).CONCLUSION: The overall results indicate high levels of symptoms of mental health problems and poor sleep quality in both rock-climbers and controls. Although no significant differences between the climbing group and the control group was displayed, symptoms that warrant clinical attention is high. Overuse injuries were commonly reported among the rock-climbers in all examined injury locations. Previous studies reporting mental health problems to be more prevalent among athletes were contradicted in this study. The results display the need for a broader perspective regarding climbers general health and the need to provide structured care and adequate support in order to come to terms with these concerns.
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4.
  • Hovhannisyan, Karen, et al. (författare)
  • Compliance with the Very Integrated Program (VIP) for smoking cessation, nutrition, physical activity and comorbidity education among patients in treatment for alcohol and drug addiction
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 16:13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Meeting adherence is an important element of compliance in treatment programmes. It is influenced by several factors one being self-efficacy. We aimed to investigate the association between self-efficacy and meeting adherence and other factors of importance for adherence among patients with alcohol and drug addiction who were undergoing an intensive lifestyle intervention. The intervention consisted of a 6-week Very Integrated Programme. High meeting adherence was defined as >75% participation. The association between self-efficacy and meeting adherence were analysed. The qualitative analyses identified themes important for the patients and were performed as text condensation. High self-efficacy was associated with high meeting adherence (ρ = 0.24, p = 0.03). In the multivariate analyses two variables were significant: avoid complications (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.29-0.90) and self-efficacy (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.00-1.63). Reflections on lifestyle change resulted in the themes of Health and Wellbeing, Personal Economy, Acceptance of Change, and Emotions Related to Lifestyle Change. A higher level of self-efficacy was positively associated with meeting adherence. Patients score high on avoiding complications but then adherence to the intervention drops. There was no difference in the reflections on lifestyle change between the group with high adherence and the group with low adherence.
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5.
  • Hildingsson, Ingegerd, 1955-, et al. (författare)
  • Anxiety and depressive symptoms in women with fear of birth : A longitudinal cohort study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Midwifery. - : European Publishing. - 2585-2906. ; 5:August
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Anxiety and depression during pregnancy could imply difficulties in the attachment to the unborn baby. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and change in anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women with fear of birth. Another aim was to explore associations between symptoms of anxiety and depression on prenatal attachment.Methods: This is a longitudinal cohort study of 77 pregnant women with fear of birth in three hospitals in Sweden. Data were collected by three questionnaires in mid and late pregnancy and two months after birth.Results: Anxiety symptoms were more often reported than depressive symptoms, significantly decreasing over time in both conditions. Anxiety symptoms were associated with low education level, negative feelings towards the upcoming birth, and levels of fear of birth. Depressive symptoms were associated with levels of fear of birth. One in five women presented with fear of birth, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, suggesting that co-morbidity was quite common in this sample. Depressive symptoms and co-morbidity were negatively associated with prenatal attachment.Conclusions: This study shows that symptoms of anxiety and depression in women with fear of birth vary over time and that co-morbidity is quite common. Lack of emotional well-being was related to prenatal attachment. Healthcare professionals must identify and support women with anxiety and depressive symptoms and fear of birth so that difficulties in the relationship between the mother and the newborn baby might be reduced.
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6.
  • Salinas Fredricson, Adrian, et al. (författare)
  • The role of mental health and behavioral disorders in the development of temporomandibular disorder : A SWEREG-TMD nationwide case-control study
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Journal of Pain Research. - : Dove Press. - 1178-7090. ; 15, s. 2641-2655
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: There is a well-known association between mental and behavioral disorders (MBD) and temporomandibular disorder (TMD), although the association has not been established in population-based samples. This study aimed to investigate this relationship using national population-based registry data.Patients and Methods: This case-control study used prospectively collected data from Swedish national registries to investigate exposure to MBD and the probability of developing TMD in all Swedish citizens with hospital-diagnosed or surgically treated TMD between 1998 and 2016. Odds ratios were calculated using conditional logistic regression adjusted for educational level, living area, country of birth, musculoskeletal comorbidity, and history of orofacial/neck trauma.Results: A statistically significant association between MBD and TMD was found for mood affective disorders (OR 1.4), neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (OR 1.7), behavioral syndromes associated with psychological disturbances and physical factors (OR 1.4), disorders of adult personality and behavior (OR 1.4), disorders of psychological development (OR 1.3), behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence (OR 1.4), and unspecified mental disorder (OR 1.3). The association was stronger for TMD requiring surgery, with the strongest association in patients with disorders of psychological development (OR 2.9). No significant association was found with schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders, or mental retardation.Conclusion: The findings indicate an increased probability of TMD among patients with a history of certain MBD diagnoses, and a stronger association with TMD requiring surgery, specifically repeated surgery. This highlights the need for improved preoperative understanding of the impact of MBD on TMD, as TMD and chronic pain itself may have a negative impact on mental health.
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7.
  • Rasmussen, Mette, et al. (författare)
  • Characteristics of patients in treatment for alcohol and drug addiction who succeed in changing smoking, weight, and physical activity : A secondary analysis of an RCT on combined lifestyle interventions
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: European Addiction Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1022-6877 .- 1421-9891. ; 27:2, s. 123-130
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • INTRODUCTION: Patients addicted to alcohol or drug often have additional unhealthy lifestyles, adding to the high mortality and morbidity in this patient group. Therefore, it is important to consider lifestyle interventions as part of the usual addiction treatment.OBJECTIVE: The aim was to identify predictors of successful changes in lifestyle risk factors among patients in treatment for alcohol or drug addiction.METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a trial using a 6-week intensive integrated lifestyle intervention: The very integrated program (VIP). Patients were recruited in Addiction Centres Malmö and Psychiatry Skåne, Sweden. The primary outcome was successful changes in lifestyle, measured as quitting tobacco, exercising 30 min per day, and not being over- or underweight after 6 weeks and 12 months.RESULTS: A total of 212 patients were included in the RCT, and 128 were included in this secondary analysis: 108 at 6 weeks and 89 at 12 months of follow-up. A total of 69 patients were respondents at both follow-ups. The follow-up rates were 51 and 42%, respectively. More education, having at least 2 lifestyle risk factors and having a high quality of life were predictors of a successful change in lifestyle after 6 weeks. After 12 months, the predictors for a successful outcome were having 3 or more risk factors, while an education level up to 3 years was a negative predictor.CONCLUSIONS: Having several unhealthy lifestyles in addition to alcohol and drug addiction was a significant predictor of successful lifestyle changes in the short- and long term after the VIP for lifestyle interventions. Likewise, education was significant. The results should be considered in future development and research among this vulnerable group of patients.
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8.
  • Edlund, Klara, et al. (författare)
  • Body image and compulsive exercise : Are there associations with depression among university students?
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Eating and Weight Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1124-4909 .- 1590-1262. ; 27:7, s. 2397-2405
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PURPOSE: Mental health problems among university students have been reported to be significantly increasing and suggested to be associated with college drop-out. Body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise are both constructs relevant for mental health problems in general and eating disorders in particular. This study examined associations between body dissatisfaction, compulsive exercise and self-reported symptoms of depression among Swedish university students.METHODS: Participants (n = 4262) are students in an ongoing cohort study, and data from the baseline assessment were used. Four linear regression models were built to explore the associations between body dissatisfaction, compulsive weight control exercise and depressive symptoms.RESULTS: Our findings showed that females reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction than males. Body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise were associated with self-reported symptoms of depression in this non-clinical population. Results showed that compulsive exercise was negatively associated with reported symptoms of depression, while body dissatisfaction was positively associated with symptoms of depression.CONCLUSION: In line with previous research, there was a gender difference in body dissatisfaction where females displayed higher levels of dissatisfaction than males.  Body dissatisfaction was  positively associated with reported symptoms of depression, suggesting support of previous research indicating body dissatisfaction to increase mental health problems. Compulsive exercise was negatively associated with symptoms of depression suggesting a behavior negatively reinforced, supporting both constructs to be of interest for reported symptoms of depression in a non-clinical population of Swedish university students.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, cohort study.TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ID : NCT04465435.
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9.
  • Hovhannisyan, Karen, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of Very Integrated Program (VIP) : Health promotion for patients with alcohol and drug addiction - A randomized trial
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Alcoholism. - : Wiley. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 44:7, s. 1456-1467
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Compared to the general population, patients with alcohol and drug addiction have an increased risk of additional hazardous lifestyles and suffer from more chronic diseases, adding to their already significantly higher morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of the Very Integrated Program (VIP) on treatment and health outcomes for patients diagnosed with alcohol and drug addiction.METHODS: Parallel randomized clinical trial with intervention as add-on to addiction care as usual. A total of 322 patients aged 18 years or older were identified, and the study requirements were fulfilled by 219 patients, 7 of whom participated in a pilot. The intervention was a 6-week intensive, tailored, educational program that included motivational interviewing, a smoking cessation program, dietary and physical activity counseling, and patient education. The main outcome measures were substance-free days, time to relapse and treatment adherence assessed after 6 weeks and 12 months. Secondary outcomes were lifestyle factors, symptoms of comorbidity, and quality of life. Missing data were imputed conservatively by using data closest to the follow-up date and baseline values in patients with no follow-up.RESULTS: The 212 patients (intervention, n=113; control, n=99) were randomized, and 202 had complete data for primary outcomes. After 6 weeks, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding primary or secondary outcomes. At the 12-month follow-up, the patients in the control group had significantly more total substance-free days (139 days; ranging 0-365 vs. 265; 0-366, p=0.021) - specifically among the patients with drug addiction - and higher physical and mental quality of life (45 vs 58, p= 0.049 and 54 vs. 66, p=0.037), but not in the per-protocol analysis (60 vs. 46, p=0.52 and 70 vs. 66, p=0.74). The sensitivity analyses did not support significant differences between the groups.CONCLUSION: Overall, adding VIP intervention did not improve outcome of the alcohol or drug addiction care or the lifestyle compared to the addiction care alone. This patient group is still in need of effective programs and new intervention research is required to develop that.
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10.
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