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| 2. |
- Gerdner, Arne, et al.
(author)
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Mortality of treated alcoholics after eight years in relation to short-term outcome
- 1997
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In: Alcohol and Alcoholism. - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 32:5, s. 573-579
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study concerns the relation between mortality and the short-term outcome of inpatient treatment for alcoholism. A total of 121 patients (87 men, 34 women) were included, of whom 89 were voluntary and 32 compulsorily committed. They had a mean age of 41±7 (SD) years and attended a 5-week programme at Runnagården, Örebro, Sweden. Most patients were socially unstable and severely alcohol-dependent. Ten months (mean) after discharge, 96% of the patients and their referring social workers were contacted with mail questionnaires. Of these patients, 13% had been totally abstinent and a further 42% improved but had had relapses. After a mean of 8.5±0.27 years, 27 patients (24%) had died. All abstainers survived, but non-abstainers had nine-fold higher mortality than expected. Non-abstinent improved women tended to survive longer than non-improved women, but among non-abstinent improved men no such tendency was found. In conclusion, a reduction in the frequency and quantity of abusive drinking was not enough to reduce the higher risk of death. Only abstinence seemed to be preventive.
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| 3. |
- Öjehagen, Agneta, et al.
(author)
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Psychiatric symptoms in alcoholics attending outpatient treatment
- 1991
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In: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Wiley. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 15:4, s. 6-640
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The importance of psychiatric symptomatology for the treatment course of alcoholics was analyzed in a long-term outpatient treatment study. Seventy-two patients, 60 men and 12 women, were personally interviewed during treatment and after 3 years. Before treatment psychiatric symptoms were rated according to the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS). Women had significantly higher scores than men. Men with many symptoms and women had more psychological benefits from drinking and a more impaired personality structure than men with few symptoms. Men with many symptoms also had a lower level of social functioning. The severity of abuse did not differ between the three groups. Men with many symptoms had a less favorable outcome between 25 and 36 months after start of treatment than men with few symptoms and women. Among men who completed treatment, those with many symptoms showed a less successful course after 6 months and during the 3rd year after start of treatment, while differences after 3 months and during later stages of treatment were less pronounced. It is suggested that before start of treatment a psychiatric evaluation should be performed including psychiatric diagnosis, personality analysis, and an assessment of psychological benefits from drinking.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Depression och självmord
- 2005
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In: Alkohol och hälsa – en kunskapsöversikt. - 9172573376 ; , s. 73-79
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vi har systematiskt gått igenom befolkningsbaserade studier, som separat har analyserat frekvenserna för depression och självmord eller självmordsbeteende och deras samband med alkoholberoende, alkoholmissbruk eller riskfylld alkoholkonsumtion. Depressionssjukdomar visade en stark ökning vid alkoholberoende, men endast en marginell ökning vid alkoholmissbruk och riskfylld alkoholkonsumtion. Hela 48 procent av självmorden i Sverige har visat sig vara alkoholrelaterade. Självmordsfrekvensen var förhöjd vid alkoholberoende och hade ofta samband med samtidig depression. En mindre del av självmorden kan förklaras av akut berusningsdrickande oberoende av samtidig depressions- eller alkoholdiagnos.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Summary of comparative effectiveness.
- 2004
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In: Proposal for the Inclusion of Methadone in the Who Model List of Essential Medicines. ; , s. 13-22
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Brådvik, Louise, et al.
(author)
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Aspects on the suicidal career in severe depression. A comparison between attempts in suicides and controls.
- 2002
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In: Archives of Suicide Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1543-6136 .- 1381-1118. ; 6:4, s. 339-349
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Suicide attempts in the long term course of illness were investigated in 89 suicides with a primary severe depression/melancholia and in matched controls. Multiaxial ratings at index admission between 1956 and 1969 enabled the selection of patients. These patients were tracked to January 1, 1984. A blind record evaluation was performed. Suicide attempts were more common among suicides than controls. General characteristics of attempts, such as severity, the use of a violent method, and repetition did not differentiate suicides from controls. Rather, there were differences in the pattern of suicide attempts. In suicides, only, re-attempts were related to number of episodes of mood disorder. Controls more often made re-attempts after a stressful life event. Serious attempts occurred early in the course of suicide attempts in female suicides, in contrast to controls. There was a correlation between the occurrence of a suicide attempt and completed suicide among male unipolar patients and female bipolar patients.
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| 10. |
- Brådvik, Louise, et al.
(author)
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Depressive episodes with suicide attempts in severe depression: suicides and controls differ only in the later episodes of unipolar depression.
- 2010
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In: Archives of Suicide Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1543-6136 .- 1381-1118. ; 14:4, s. 363-367
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of suicide attempts across the depressive episodes in suicides and controls with a severe depression. A blind record evaluation was performed of 100 suicide victims and matched controls admitted to the Department of Psychiatry between 1956 and 1969 and monitored to 2006. There was a similar number of episodes in suicides and controls and in the early episodes a similar number of suicide attempts in both groups. However, in the later episodes future suicides showed more suicide attempts as compared to controls. This was found for unipolar depression only. This difference was found despite previously shown similar rates of adequate treatment and improvement. In conclusion, more depressive episodes including suicide attempts appeared to be related to suicide.
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