| 1. |
- Chandolias, Konstantinos, et al.
(författare)
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Protective effect of a reverse membrane bioreactor against toluene and naphthalene in anaerobic digestion
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry. - : Wiley. - 1470-8744 .- 0885-4513. ; 69:3, s. 1267 -1274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Raw syngas contains tar contaminants including toluene and naphthalene, which inhibit its conversion to methane. Cell encasement in a hydrophilic reverse membrane bioreactor (RMBR) could protect the cells from hydrophobic contaminants. This study aimed to investigate the inhibition of toluene and naphthalene and the effect of using RMBR. In this work, toluene and naphthalene were added at concentrations of 0.5–1.0 and 0.1–0.2 g/L in batch operation. In continuous operation, concentration of 0–6.44 g/L for toluene and 0–1.28 g/L for naphthalene were studied. The results showed that no inhibition was observed in batch operation for toluene and naphthalene at concentrations up to 1 and 0.2 g/L, respectively. In continuous operation of free cell bioreactors (FCBRs), inhibition of toluene and naphthalene started at 2.05 and 0.63 g/L, respectively. When they were present simultaneously, inhibition of toluene and naphthalene occurred at concentrations of 3.14 and 0.63 g/L, respectively. In continuous RMBRs, no inhibition for toluene and less inhibition for naphthalene were observed, resulting in higher methane production from RMBR than that of FCBR. These results indicated that RMBR system gave a better protection effect against inhibitors compared with FCBR.
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| 2. |
- Abarenkov, Kessy, et al.
(författare)
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Annotating public fungal ITS sequences from the built environment according to the MIxS-Built Environment standard – a report from a May 23-24, 2016 workshop (Gothenburg, Sweden)
- 2016
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Ingår i: MycoKeys. - : Pensoft Publishers. - 1314-4057 .- 1314-4049. ; 16, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent molecular studies have identified substantial fungal diversity in indoor environments. Fungi and fungal particles have been linked to a range of potentially unwanted effects in the built environment, including asthma, decay of building materials, and food spoilage. The study of the built mycobiome is hampered by a number of constraints, one of which is the poor state of the metadata annotation of fungal DNA sequences from the built environment in public databases. In order to enable precise interrogation of such data – for example, “retrieve all fungal sequences recovered from bathrooms” – a workshop was organized at the University of Gothenburg (May 23-24, 2016) to annotate public fungal barcode (ITS) sequences according to the MIxS-Built Environment annotation standard (http://gensc.org/mixs/). The 36 participants assembled a total of 45,488 data points from the published literature, including the addition of 8,430 instances of countries of collection from a total of 83 countries, 5,801 instances of building types, and 3,876 instances of surface-air contaminants. The results were implemented in the UNITE database for molecular identification of fungi (http://unite.ut.ee) and were shared with other online resources. Data obtained from human/animal pathogenic fungi will furthermore be verified on culture based metadata for subsequent inclusion in the ISHAM-ITS database (http://its.mycologylab.org).
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| 3. |
- Flisberg, Anders, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Does indomethacin for closure of patent ductus arteriosus affect cerebral function?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:10, s. 1493-1497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study whether indomethacin used in conventional dose for closure of patent ductus arteriosus affects cerebral function measured by Electroencephalograms (EEG) evaluated by quantitative measures. Study design: Seven premature neonates with haemodynamically significant persistent ductus arteriosus were recruited. EEG were recorded before, during and after an intravenous infusion of 0.2 mg/kg indomethacin over 10 min. The EEG was analysed by two methods with different degrees of complexity for the amount of low-activity periods (LAP, "suppressions") as an indicator of affection of cerebral function. Results: Neither of the two methods identified any change in the amount of LAPs in the EEG as compared to before the indomethacin infusion. Conclusion: Indomethacin in conventional dose for closure of patent ductus arteriosus does not affect cerebral function as evaluated by quantitative EEG.
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| 4. |
- Löfhede, Johan, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of bursts in the EEG of post asphyctic newborns
- 2006
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Ingår i: 2006 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. - 1557-170X. - 9781424400324 ; , s. 2179-2182, s. 5-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eight features inherent in the electroencephalogram (EEG) have been extracted and evaluated with respect to their ability to distinguish bursts from suppression in burst-suppression EEG. The study is based on EEG from six full term infants who had suffered from lack of oxygen during birth. The features were used as input in a neural network, which was trained on reference data segmented by an experienced electroencephalographer. The performance was then evaluated on validation data for each feature separately and in combinations. The results show that there are significant variations in the type of activity found in burst-suppression EEG from different subjects, and that while one or a few features seem to be sufficient for most patients in this group, some cases require specific combinations of features for good detection to be possible.
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| 5. |
- Wireklint Sundström, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Being Prepared for the Unprepared : A Phenomenology Field Study of Swedish Prehospital Care
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Emergency Nursing. - : Mosby, Inc.. - 0099-1767 .- 1527-2966. ; 38:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: This paper presents a study of prehospital care with particular focus on how ambulance personnel prepare themselves for their everyday assignments. Methods: The caring science field study took a phenomenological approach, where data were analyzed for meaning. Two specialist ambulance nurses, three registered nurses, and six paramedics participated. Results: The previously known discrepancy between in-hospital care and prehospital care was further interpreted in this study. The pre-information from an emergency medical dispatch (EMD) center provides ambulance personnel with basic expectations as to what they will have to take care of. At the same time that they maintain their certainty and control, our major findings indicate that prehospital care in emergency medical service requires the personnel to be prepared for an open and flexible encounter with the patient; to be prepared for the unprepared, i.e., to be open and to avoid being governed by predetermined statements. Discussion: Our findings suggest that the outcomes of good prehospital care affect patient security. The seemingly time-consuming dialogue with the patient facilitates understanding and decision-making regarding the patient's medical needs, and it is comforting to the patient. The ambulance personnel need to be well prepared for this task and fully understand that the situation might differ considerably from the information provided by the EMD centers. All objective information is of great value in this care context, but ultimately it is the patient who provides reliable information about her/his own situation.
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| 6. |
- Seoane, Fernando, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Brain electrical impedance at various frequencies : the effect of hypoxia
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, San Francisco, CA, USA • September 1-5, 2004. - : IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. - 0780384393 ; 3, s. 2322-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-invasive multi-frequency measurements of transcephalic impedance, both reactance and resistance, can efficiently detect cell swelling of brain tissue and can be used for early detection of threatening brain damage. We have performed experiments on piglets to monitor transcephalic impedance during hypoxia. The obtained results have confirmed the hypothesis that changes in the size of cells modify the tissue impedance. During tissue inflammation after induced hypoxia, cerebral tissue exhibits changes in both reactance and resistance. Those changes are remarkably high, up to 71% over the baseline, and easy to measure especially at certain frequencies. A better understanding of the electrical behaviour of cerebral tissue during cell swelling would lead us to develop effective non-invasive clinical tools and methods for early diagnosis of cerebral edema and brain damage prevention.
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| 7. |
- Seoane Martinez, Fernando, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Spectroscopy study of the dynamics of the transencephalic electrical impedance in the perinatal brain during hypoxia
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physiological Measurement. - : IOP Publishing. - 0967-3334 .- 1361-6579. ; 26:5, s. 849-863
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypoxia/ischaemia is the most common cause of brain damage in neonates. Thousands of newborn children suffer from perinatal asphyxia every year. The cells go through a response mechanism during hypoxia/ischaemia, to maintain the cellular viability and, as a response to the hypoxic/ischaemic insult, the composition and the structure of the cellular environment are altered. The alterations in the ionic concentration of the intra- and extracellular and the consequent cytotoxic oedema, cell swelling, modify the electrical properties of the constituted tissue. The changes produced can be easily measured using electrical impedance instrumentation. In this paper, we report the results from an impedance spectroscopy study on the effects of the hypoxia on the perinatal brain. The transencephalic impedance, both resistance and reactance, was measured in newborn piglets using the four-electrode method in the frequency range from 20 kHz to 750 kHz and the experimental results were compared with numerical results from a simulation of a suspension of cells during cell swelling. The experimental results make clear the frequency dependence of the bioelectrical impedance, confirm that the variation of resistance is more sensitive at low than at high frequencies and show that the reactance changes substantially during hypoxia. The resemblance between the experimental and numerical results proves the validity of modelling tissue as a suspension of cells and confirms the importance of the cellular oedema process in the alterations of the electrical properties of biological tissue. The study of the effects of hypoxia/ischaemia in the bioelectrical properties of tissue may lead to the development of useful clinical tools based on the application of bioelectrical impedance technology.
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| 8. |
- Buendia, Rubén, et al.
(författare)
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Robustness study of the different immittance spectra and frequency ranges in bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis for assessment of total body composition.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physiological measurement. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6579 .- 0967-3334. ; 35:7, s. 1373-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The estimation of body fluids is a useful and common practice for assessment of disease status and therapy outcomes. Electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy (EBIS) methods are noninvasive, inexpensive and efficient alternatives for determination of body fluids. One of the main source of errors in EBIS measurements in the estimation of body fluids is capacitive coupling. In this paper an analysis of capacitive coupling in EBIS measurements was performed and the robustness of the different immittance spectra against it tested. On simulations the conductance (G) spectrum presented the smallest overall error, among all immittance spectra, in the estimation of the impedance parameters used to estimate body fluids. Afterwards the frequency range of 10-500kHz showed to be the most robust band of the G spectrum. The accuracy of body fluid estimations from the resulting parameters that utilized G spectrum and parameters provided by the measuring device were tested on EBIS clinical measurements from growth hormone replacement therapy patients against estimations performed with dilution methods. Regarding extracellular fluid, the correlation between each EBIS method and dilution was 0.93 with limits of agreement of 1.06 ± 2.95 l for the device, 1.10 ± 2.94 l for G [10-500kHz] and 1.04 ± 2.94 l for G [5-1000kHz]. Regarding intracellular fluid, the correlation between dilution and the device was 0.91, same as for G [10-500kHz] and 0.92 for G [5-1000kHz]. Limits of agreement were 0.12 ± 4.46 l for the device, 0.09 ± 4.45 for G [10-500kHz] and 0.04 ± 4.58 for G [5-1000kHz]. Such close results between the EBIS methods validate the proposed approach of using G spectrum for initial Cole characterization and posterior clinical estimation of body fluids status.
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| 9. |
- Diaz Cruz, Maria Araceli, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of methylation patterns associated with lifestyle factors and vitamin D supplementation in a healthy elderly cohort from Southwest Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous studies have shown that lifestyle factors, such as regular physical activity and vitamin D intake, may remarkably improve overall health and mental wellbeing. This is especially important in older adults whose vitamin D deficiency occurs with a high prevalence. This study aimed to examine the influence of lifestyle and vitamin D on global DNA methylation patterns in an elderly cohort in Southwest of Sweden. We also sought to examine the methylation levels of specific genes involved in vitamin D's molecular and metabolic activated pathways. We performed a genome wide methylation analysis, using Illumina Infinium DNA Methylation EPIC 850kBeadChip array, on 277 healthy individuals from Southwest Sweden at the age of 70-95. The study participants also answered queries on lifestyle, vitamin intake, heart medication, and estimated health. Vitamin D intake did not in general affect methylation patterns, which is in concert with other studies. However, when comparing the group of individuals taking vitamin supplements, including vitamin D, with those not taking supplements, a difference in methylation in the solute carrier family 25 (SCL25A24) gene was found. This confirms a previous finding, where changes in expression of SLC25A24 were associated with vitamin D treatment in human monocytes. The combination of vitamin D intake and high physical activity increased methylation of genes linked to regulation of vitamin D receptor pathway, the Wnt pathway and general cancer processes. To our knowledge, this is the first study detecting epigenetic markers associated with the combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and high physical activity. These results deserve to be further investigated in an extended, interventional study cohort, where also the levels of 25(OH)D3 can be monitored.
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| 10. |
- Elmqvist, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Trapped between doing and being : First provider´s experiences of ”front line” work
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1755-599X .- 1878-013X. ; 20:3, s. 113-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common focus in research studies within the Emergency Department (ED) is physician patient relations, experiences of the triage model and nurses´ experiences of caring. Little has, however, been written about different first providers´ experiences of working on the “front line” at the ED. The aim of this study was to describe and understand experiences of being the first provider on the “front line” at the ED, as expressed by nurse assistants, registered nurses and physicians. A reflective lifeworld research approach was used in four different caring situations. The data consisted of eight open-ended interviews with first providers. The analysis showed that being the first provider on the “front line” at the ED entails a continuous movement between providing and responding through performing “life-saving” actions and at the same time create a good relationship with the patient and the next of kin. Five constituents further described the variations of the phenomenon. The readiness to save lives creates a perceived stress of time pressure and the first providers adopt different strategies to cope with the work. Instead of leaving the first providers to find their own way to cope with the complex situation, there are needs for a redesigning of the internal work process within ED organizations.
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