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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(NATURVETENSKAP Matematik) ;pers:(Häggström Olle 1967)"

Sökning: AMNE:(NATURVETENSKAP Matematik) > Häggström Olle 1967

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1.
  • Miller, James D., et al. (författare)
  • An AGI Modifying Its Utility Function in Violation of the Strong Orthogonality Thesis
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Philosophies. - : MDPI AG. - 2409-9287. ; 5:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An artificial general intelligence (AGI) might have an instrumental drive to modify its utility function to improve its ability to cooperate, bargain, promise, threaten, and resist and engage in blackmail. Such an AGI would necessarily have a utility function that was at least partially observable and that was influenced by how other agents chose to interact with it. This instrumental drive would conflict with the strong orthogonality thesis since the modifications would be influenced by the AGI's intelligence. AGIs in highly competitive environments might converge to having nearly the same utility function, one optimized to favorably influencing other agents through game theory. Nothing in our analysis weakens arguments concerning the risks of AGI.
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  • Eriksson, Kimmo, et al. (författare)
  • Lord's Paradox in a Continuous Setting and a Regression Artifact in Numerical Cognition Research.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:4, s. e95949-e95949
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper we review, and elaborate on, the literature on a regression artifact related to Lord's paradox in a continuous setting. Specifically, the question is whether a continuous property of individuals predicts improvement from training between a pretest and a posttest. If the pretest score is included as a covariate, regression to the mean will lead to biased results if two critical conditions are satisfied: (1) the property is correlated with pretest scores and (2) pretest scores include random errors. We discuss how these conditions apply to the analysis in a published experimental study, the authors of which concluded that linearity of children's estimations of numerical magnitudes predicts arithmetic learning from a training program. However, the two critical conditions were clearly met in that study. In a reanalysis we find that the bias in the method can fully account for the effect found in the original study. In other words, data are consistent with the null hypothesis that numerical magnitude estimations are unrelated to arithmetic learning.
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  • Häggström, Olle, 1967 (författare)
  • Book review: The Calculus of Selfishness
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Notices of the American Mathematical Society. ; :January 2012, s. 47-49
  • Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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  • Andersson, Jenny, 1976, et al. (författare)
  • The Volume Fraction of a Non-overlapping Germ-grain Model
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Electronic Communications in Probability. - 1083-589X. ; 11, s. 78-88
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We discuss the volume fraction of a model of non--overlapping convex grains. It is obtained from thinning a Poisson process where each point has a weight and is the centre of a grain, by removing any grain that is overlapped by one of larger or equal weight. In the limit as the intensity of the Poisson process tends to infinity, the model can be identified with the intact grains in the dead leaves model if the weights are independent of the grain sizes. In this case we can show that the volume fraction is at most $1/2^d$ for $d=1$ or $2$ if the shape is fixed, but the size and the orientation are random. The upper bound is achieved for centrally symmetric sets of the same size and orientation. For general $d$ we can show the upper bound, $1/2^d$, for spherical grains with two--point radius distribution. If dependence between weight and size is allowed, it is possible to achieve a volume fraction arbitrarily close to one.
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10.
  • Broman, Erik, 1977, et al. (författare)
  • Refinements of Stochastic Domination
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Probability theory and related fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0178-8051 .- 1432-2064. ; 136:4, s. 587-603
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In a recent paper by two of the authors, the concepts of upwards and downwards epsilon-movability were introduced, mainly as a technical tool for studying dynamical percolation of interacting particle systems. In this paper, we further explore these concepts which can be seen as refinements or quantifications of stochastic domination, and we relate them to previously studied concepts such as uniform insertion tolerance and extractability.
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