| 1. |
- Gerlee, Philip, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Scientific Models : Red Atoms, White Lies and Black Boxes in a Yellow Book
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A zebrafish, the hull of a miniature ship, a mathematical equation and a food chain - what do these things have in common? They are examples of models used by scientists to isolate and study particular aspects of the world around us. This book begins by introducing the concept of a scientific model from an intuitive perspective, drawing parallels to mental models and artistic representations. It then recounts the history of modelling from the 16th century up until the present day. The iterative process of model building is described and discussed in the context of complex models with high predictive accuracy versus simpler models that provide more of a conceptual understanding. To illustrate the diversity of opinions within the scientific community, we also present the results of an interview study, in which ten scientists from different disciplines describe their views on modelling and how models feature in their work. Lastly, it includes a number of worked examples that span different modelling approaches and techniques. It provides a comprehensive introduction to scientific models and shows how models are constructed and used in modern science. It also addresses the approach to, and the culture surrounding modelling in different scientific disciplines. It serves as an inspiration for model building and also facilitates interdisciplinary collaborations by showing how models are used in different scientific fields. The book is aimed primarily at students in the sciences and engineering, as well as students at teacher training colleges but will also appeal to interested readers wanting to get an overview of scientific modelling in general and different modelling approaches in particular.
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| 2. |
- Gerlee, Philip, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Scientific Models
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A zebrafish, the hull of a miniature ship, a mathematical equation and a food chain - what do these things have in common? They are examples of models used by scientists to isolate and study particular aspects of the world around us. This book begins by introducing the concept of a scientific model from an intuitive perspective, drawing parallels to mental models and artistic representations. It then recounts the history of modelling from the 16th century up until the present day. The iterative process of model building is described and discussed in the context of complex models with high predictive accuracy versus simpler models that provide more of a conceptual understanding. To illustrate the diversity of opinions within the scientific community, we also present the results of an interview study, in which ten scientists from different disciplines describe their views on modelling and how models feature in their work. Lastly, it includes a number of worked examples that span different modelling approaches and techniques. It provides a comprehensive introduction to scientific models and shows how models are constructed and used in modern science. It also addresses the approach to, and the culture surrounding modelling in different scientific disciplines. It serves as an inspiration for model building and also facilitates interdisciplinary collaborations by showing how models are used in different scientific fields. The book is aimed primarily at students in the sciences and engineering, as well as students at teacher training colleges but will also appeal to interested readers wanting to get an overview of scientific modelling in general and different modelling approaches in particular.
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| 3. |
- Jagers, Peter, 1941
(författare)
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Matematikens ord
- 2009
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Ingår i: LexicoNordica. ; 16, s. 315-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Pilotto, Francesca, et al.
(författare)
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Late Holocene anthropogenic landscape change in northwestern Europe impacted insect biodiversity as much as climate change did after the last Ice Age
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : Royal Society Publishing. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 289:1977
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the last Ice Age (ca 115 000–11 700 years ago), the geographical ranges of most plants and animals have shifted, expanded or contracted. Understanding the timing, geographical patterns and drivers of past changes in insect communities is essential for evaluating the biodiversity implications of future climate changes, yet our knowledge of long-term patterns is limited. We applied a network modelling approach to the recent fossil record of northwestern European beetles to investigate how their taxonomic and trait composition changed during the past 16 000 years. We found two major changes in beetle faunas 4000–3500 and 10 000–9500 years ago, coinciding with periods of human population growth in the Late Holocene and climate warming in the Early Holocene. Our results demonstrate that humans have affected insect biodiversity since at least the introduction of agropastoralism, with landscape-scale effects that can be observed at sites away from areas of direct human impact.
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| 5. |
- Friberg, Jöran, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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Three Old Babylonian Recombination Texts of Mathematical Problems without Solution Procedures, Making up Group 2b
- 2016
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Ingår i: Sources and Studies in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. ; , s. 421-480
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- YBC 4698 is a mathematical recombination text, a mixed bag of loosely related exercises, all concerned with commercial problems. See the hand copy and conform transliteration in Fig. 11.1.1 below. Since exercises belonging more closely together are sometimes separated from each other in this text, the exercises are numbered in two different ways in the conform transliteration, both in the order they are inscribed on the tablet (## 1-17) and according to their problem types (§§ 1-5).
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| 6. |
- Stucki, Sandro, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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A theory of higher-order subtyping with type intervals
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 2475-1421. ; 5:ICFP
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The calculus of Dependent Object Types (DOT) has enabled a more principled and robust implementation of Scala, but its support for type-level computation has proven insufficient. As a remedy, we propose F··ω, a rigorous theoretical foundation for Scala's higher-kinded types. F··ω extends F<:ω with interval kinds, which afford a unified treatment of important type- and kind-level abstraction mechanisms found in Scala, such as bounded quantification, bounded operator abstractions, translucent type definitions and first-class subtyping constraints. The result is a flexible and general theory of higher-order subtyping. We prove type and kind safety of F··ω, as well as weak normalization of types and undecidability of subtyping. All our proofs are mechanized in Agda using a fully syntactic approach based on hereditary substitution.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Thunberg, Hans, 1956-
(författare)
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Symmetriska tonförråd
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Heltonsskalorna och dimskalorna är exempel på så kallade symmetriska skalor, det vill säga tonklassmängder (tonförråd) som är invarianta under transponering med $n$ halvtonssteg för något tal $n$, $1\le n \le 11$.På ett systematiskt sätt konstrueras i artikeln alla möjliga symmetriska tonklassmängder inom det kromatiska tonförrådet. Vi finner totalt 15 olika typer, varav 10 stycken innehåller sex tonklasser (toner) eller fler.
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| 10. |
- Chokhachian, Ata, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Toward Object-Oriented Knowledge-Based Parametric Design Thinking
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The parameter, as a variable of differentiation, defines the limits and boundaries of a system and the conditions for its operation. It is through parameters that we are able to produce certain logical relationships between different parts in design procedure. Fundamental to this, however, is the assumption that the object or phenomenawe are modeling is in fact quantifiable. Advances in computational processing have promoted our capacity, and thus faith in the ability, to systematically classify and itemize the world around us. The Parametricism Manifesto concerns itself solely with appearance and arejection of the term Parametricism in certain levels could be clearly visible within the contemporary discourse of Object-oriented and knowledge-based approach that reflects the cognitive attitude of the designer/architect regarding the object-oriented reasoning and analogy. Moreover, instead of having parametric manifestation alternate terms such as digitally intelligent design , algorithmic design, object oriented design , Context-oriented design , Parametric thinking , and even postparametric design have arisen and could be used to describe this vastly differentiated field. What these design theories do share, however, is a predilection and belief in the tool. Nowadays the project fields are information-rich contexts and the tool sets for design are able to interpret, analyze, synthesize and realize these data into the design procedure. This research mainly aims to uncover potentialities of the existing enablers and assistive technologies in context-oriented design in order to have more content-embedded architectural conceptualization solutions.
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