| 1. |
- Lundin, Anette
(författare)
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Rättfärdigade prioriteringar : en kvalitativ analys av hur personal i äldreomsorgen hanterar motstridiga verksamhetslogiker
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation aims at contributing to social scientific knowledge about prevailing prioritizations in eldercarepractice by looking at an economic and a caring logic, and how these logics are overlapping, contradictory or comein conflict with each other. A more concrete aim is to understand how the personnel describe their work with orfor balance between the logics and their justifications prioritizations made in the care of older persons. The researchquestion is: How do personnel and care unit manager at a public nursing home understand and handle the twologics that govern care work for facilitating wellbeing of the residents. The aim and research question led to threesub-aims: 1) to analyze the personnel’s experiences of and meaning making about the care work they carry out, 2)to illuminate and problematize the two logics above, and 3)to analyze how the personnel justify their prioritizationsin prevailing context, and how their accountability have an effect on their professional identities.Empirical material was gathered through 13 individual interviews with care personnel and their care unitmanager at a public nursing home in Sweden. These interviews were complemented by a group interview. Thematerial was analyzed by the use of three methods: phenomenology (Paper I and II), reflexive analysis (Paper III),and a positioning analysis (Paper IV). Paper I found that the personnel understands the residents’ well-being asbeing characterized by feeling of being existentially touched. This essence is constituted by feeling freedom ofchoice, pleasure, and closeness to someone or something. In Paper II, the work for facilitating this kind of wellbeingwas characterized by three ambiguities: (i) freedom of choice for the older persons vs. institutionalconstraints, (ii) the residents' need for activation vs. wanting not to be activated, and (iii) the residents' need forroutine vs. the eldercarers' not being able to know what the residents need. Paper III showed that the care unitmanager created a hybrid of the two logics (economy is care and vice versa) and that the personnel oppose thishybrid. The opposition is shaped as the personnel divides their work in care and “those other things”. Thesefindings showed how interaction between the logics expresses itself in practice and that it is the personnel who hasto handle contradictions between the logics in their everyday care work. The positioning analysis in Paper IV hadthree levels. The first level showed how the carers align with their peers and that they find the organizationalframe, within which they have agency, changed due to increased workload. This change led to an order of priorities.The second level showed that the carers relate to three aspects when making accounts: the care itself, the olderpersons, and the media. The third level showed that the carers share a view of administration, cleaning, servingmeals, and filling up supplies, as not being parts of caring.The dissertation’s theoretical framework focused on theories on logics, accountability, and professionalidentity. The conclusion is that both logics are needed in order to facilitate the well-being of the older persons. Therelationships between the two logics are not always clear and if their contradictions are not illuminated, there is arisk for a care practice that does not facilitate the well-being of their residents. An important theoreticalcontribution is that logics of activities should be understood vertically (form political, through management, anddown to the level of practice) instead of horizontally. The practical implications emphasize the importance ofsupporting the personnel’s professional identity on the one hand, and discussing the logics on the other. Byunderstanding differences between definitions on management-level and practice level, a homogeneity can bereached.
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| 2. |
- Ståhl, Tomas
(författare)
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Determinants of Fairness-based and Favorability-based Reactions to Authorities' Decisions
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present thesis focuses on the causal role of the people’s relationship to the authority in reactions to allocation decisions. A series of experiments investigating the effects of the authority’s group membership on reactions to allocation decisions are reported. In addition, psychological processes that may contribute to differences in responses to ingroup versus outgroup authorities’ decisions are examined. Because resource allocations across group boundaries may be particularly challenging for authorities, and because the psychological processes guiding reactions to outgroup authorities’ decisions have received very little attention, a primary aim is to examine the psychology of reactions to outgroup authorities’ decisions. Results demonstrate that people react more strongly to the favourability of procedures and outcomes when the authority is from an outgroup (vs. ingroup). By contrast, people generally react more strongly to the fairness of procedures when the authority is from an ingroup (vs. outgroup). Notably, direct activation of relational (ingroup) versus instrumental (outgroup) concerns produces the same response patterns as manipulating the authority’s group membership. Results further suggest that responses to outgroup authorities’ decisions in part can be explained by expectations that the authority is biased of members of his/her own group
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Chik, Pakey Pui-man, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Experience and Possibilites : A Study on Two Primary 4 Chinese Language Lessons in Hong Kong
- 2008
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Ingår i: Educational Research Journal. - : Hong Kong Educational Research Association. - 1560-8263. ; 23:1, s. 71-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we explore how learning experience can best be described and relate to the teaching enactment so as to inform teaching practices in specific contexts. Two lessons dealing with the same topic in Primary 4 in Hong Kong schools were videotaped and a post-lesson diagnostic worksheet was given to the students. The aim of the study was to identify differences between the two lessons in what was made possible for learning on the topic, and to relate those differences to students´perception and outcomes in learning. The data collected were analysed from the theoretical assumption that "variation" in the "object of learning" is essential to creating learning opportunities in the classroom. The results showed a critical difference in the way the teachers handled the object of learning. This was in turn found to have contributed to the opening of different "patterns of variation and invariance" in and thus, different possibilities for learning the object of learning. This difference was also reflected in the students´report of their perception and outcomes in learning.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Johannesson, Krister, 1970-
(författare)
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I främsta rummet : planerandet av en högskolebiblioteksbyggnad med studenters arbete i fokus
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the thesis is to investigate planning processes for academic library buildings and the outcomes of such processes. This is accomplished through a case study utilising discourse analysis. The main question is: How is a vision of an academic library implemented in and through a building? The case study is retrospective and focused on the building of a new library at Kalmar University, Sweden, at the end of the 1990s. During this period, technological and educational developments and general societal change transformed the context of library planning and made way for renegotiations of the librarian profession. A critical realist approach characterises the study of visions, processes and the analysis of the various functions of the building. Results reveal the proactive nature of the activities of the library director in Kalmar. Early in the process he formulated a vision in which he presents the library as an information resource, a meeting place between different user groups and a workplace intended to promote learning and knowledge. From a professional point of view, the vision implied a dehierarchisation of relations both within the library staff and between library staff and visitors. The vision was based on an interpretation of Swedish national educational policy, and architecturally manifested by an ambition to reduce the physical and psychological boundaries between library staff and visitors. The early formulation of the vision together with the clients’ use of architectural expertise facilitated the choice of architects. However during the process a need arose to anchor the decision in the library field. Efforts were made to address library expertise and to collect user comments from a broader academic field. Discourses concerning the university library as a workplace and a meeting place were especially evident in the strategies of the leading agents. The discourses uncovered in the study correspond to more general discourses which became prominent in society and higher education during the period in question. The library itself has met growing appreciation by users both from within and outside the university. The proactive leadership demonstrated by the library director in Kalmar was based on hegemony rather than coercion. This corresponds to contemporary tendencies. Hegemonic consent may persist even after changes in leadership. In Kalmar however, architectural solutions with insufficient support from the library staff have been reconstructed after changes in leadership. Future research on architectural planning processes may pay further attention to different discursive resources, social fields and the positions within them.
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| 7. |
- Kajonius, Petri, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Safeness and Treatment Mitigate the Effect of Loneliness on Satisfaction With Elderly Care
- 2016
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Ingår i: Gerontologist. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0016-9013 .- 1758-5341. ; 56:5, s. 928-936
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maximizing satisfaction among the older persons is the goal of modern individualized elderly care and how to best achieve this is of relevance for people involved in planning and providing elderly care services. Purpose of the Study: What predicts satisfaction with care among older persons can be conceived as a function of process (how care is performed) and the older person. Inspired by the long-standing person versus situation debate, the present research investigated the interplay between person-and process-related factors in predicting satisfaction with elderly care. Design and Methods: A nationwide sample was analyzed, based on a questionnaire with 95,000 individuals using elderly care services. Results: The results showed that person-related factors (i.e., anxiety, health, and loneliness) were significant predictors of satisfaction with care, although less strongly than process-related factors (i.e., treatment, safeness, and perceived staff and time availability). Among the person-related factors, loneliness was the strongest predictor of satisfaction among older persons in nursing homes. Interestingly, a path analysis revealed that safeness and treatment function as mediators in linking loneliness to satisfaction. Implications: The results based on a large national sample demonstrate that the individual aging condition to a significant degree can be countered by a well-functioning care process, resulting in higher satisfaction with care among older persons.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Ulf-Göran, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Competence Clusters for Virtual Information Service
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Technology Supported Learning & Training. - Berlin : Online Educa.
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- In Sweden there is one consortium for virtual references for each public and research library. The research libraries’ service Librarian On Duty, which uses VRLplus, is a pedagogical service where the patron gets a personal guidance by a librarian via chat and co-browsing. Librarian On Duty is more of a general resource than a specialist one. This means that very specialised questions may not be answered directly, but instead be directed to the most suitable librarian. Depending on the patron’s requirements, the librarian on duty can transfer the question to a colleague at the same library or to another library within the consortia. Librarian on Duty is already in use by half of Sweden’s research libraries.The corresponding service for the public libraries, Ask the Library, is a virtual reference service with many years of experience, the e-mail service was started already in 1995, and now consists of 36 libraries that answer e-mail questions and 14 of these libraries also take part in a chat service. To make a whole new collaboration between and within the consortia possible, the public libraries will change systems to VRLplus, i.e. the same system that is used by the research libraries.A new model for collaborationBy organizing in two consortia, using the same software, there is a possibility for the two organizational types to develop a whole new model for collaboration. This new model implies that each organization could have its own local installation to give service to their local users in the first hand. Each organization participates in the national or international consortias where there is a collaboration to give service around the clock.The new possibilities for cooperation mean that each organization, by using the systems bridge between the consortias, can define new collaborative partners on a national or international basis and thus create whole new virtual information services. These new services may consist of university and research organizations and governmental institutions within a region, e.g. ”Ask Scandinavia”, or be built by competence. It may also be a subject-based cooperation within a European Union area, e.g. ”Ask ECDC”. Other examples may include cooperation between different competences and professions, e.g. “Ask EUROPE DIRECT”.This means increased possibilities for specialization and development, and whole new collaborative constellations between libraries and other community-based services can emerge while still maintaining the basic responsibility for the local users. This is enabled by a tool that is under constant development.The leading ideas to make this a successful service are:- Guidance suited to the needs of the questioner- Creative reference and information work- Competence development for the information professionals- Rationalisation of scarce resources- Higher quality of information services, both off and on campus
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| 9. |
- Runesson, Ulla
(författare)
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Reducing or opening up for complexity? : The paradox of how to facilitate student learning
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 33rd Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. - : Aristotle University of Thessaloniki & University of Macedonia. - 9789602436578 ; 5, s. 25-32
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In what ways could teachers' attempts to make mathematics understandable and easy to learn affect how the topic to be learned is handled in the classroom? From the point of departure of two Learning studies - a collaborative work among teachers aiming at exploring and developing what is made possible to learn in the classroom - I describe how the teachers' good will to facilitate learning by reducing complexity had an un-expected effect. It is also described how the teachers successively got to know that aspects of the object of learning, either taken for granted or deliberately avoided by the teachers, were necessary for learning. Two studies - teaching and learning to convert sentences into algebraic expressions and addition and substraction with negative numbers respectively - are reported.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Erik, 1979-
(författare)
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Situational political socialization : a normative approach to young people’s adoption and acquisition of political preferences and skills
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth Studies. - : Routledge. - 1367-6261 .- 1469-9680. ; 18:8, s. 967-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on young people’s political socialization has had an adult-centered top–down bias in which young people are considered incomplete and in need of the right upbringing. The article attempts to balance this bias. The aim is to introduce and argue for another normative approach – situational political socialization. Four theoretical elements constitute its basis: (1) the political, (2) contingency (the principle of the public sphere), (3) space and place, and (4) situation. In the contingent western digital media society marked by cultural dissemination, individualism, and the erosion of traditional institutions, situational political socialization represents a normative basis for a research approach which is open, action-oriented and contextualized, viewing young people as political actors in their own right.
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