| 1. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Cognitive bias via the Internet : A comparison of web-based and standard emotional Stroop tasks in social phobia
- 2006
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In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 35:1, s. 55-62
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is accumulating evidence to suggest that social phobia is associated with attentional bias for words related to social threat. Information processing in individuals with social phobia (n = 87) was investigated in the present study using 2 versions of the emotional Stroop task. Results from a standard emotional Stroop task indicated delayed colour naming of socially threatening words relative to neutral words, in line with previous research, whereas results from a Web-based emotional Stroop task indicated a facilitation effect, with faster manual indication of colour choice for socially threatening words than for neutral words. Possible explanations for these contrasting findings and issues for further research are discussed. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Linda, et al.
(author)
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Attentional bias for negative self-words in young women The role of thin ideal priming and body shape dissatisfaction
- 2005
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In: Personality and Individual Differences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0191-8869 .- 1873-3549. ; 38:3, s. 723-733
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous research suggests that body dissatisfied women are particularly susceptible to negative affect following exposure to thin media images, whereas body satisfied women may even respond positively to such images. It was thus hypothesised that negative self-referent information would be more accessible in body dissatisfied women than in women satisfied with their bodies after viewing thin ideal images. Such activation of negative self-schemata was expected to be reflected through delayed colour-naming of negative self-referent words on the emotional Stroop task. Eighty-seven young women were randomised either to a thin ideal priming condition or a neutral priming condition, before undergoing an emotional Stroop task with performance-related and interpersonal-related threat words. There was a significant interaction between body dissatisfaction and thin ideal priming on attentional bias for performance words. This effect was most clearly seen in the body satisfied group, who were faster to colour-name performance words after priming. Further, this group showed an increase in self-esteem after testing. These findings may suggest that body satisfied women responded positively to thin ideal images. Alternatively, the facilitation effect of negative performance words may have been indicative of strategic avoidant processing serving to protect against negative impact of thin ideal exposure. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Linda, et al.
(author)
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The role of sensitivity to external food cues in attentional allocation to food words on dot probe and Stroop tasks
- 2004
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In: Eating Behaviors. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 5:3, s. 261-271
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The role of sensitivity of external food cues in producing attentional bias toward food-, body-weight-, and shape-related words on the Stroop and the dot probe tasks was examined. Contrary to expectations, individuals high in responsiveness to external food cues directed attention away from food words, whereas individuals low in responsiveness to external food cues directed their attention toward food words on the dot probe task. No significant differences were found between the groups high and low in sensitivity to external food cues for body words on the dot probe task or for food or body words on the Stroop task. Results are discussed with reference to theoretical views of differences between the Stroop and the dot probe tasks.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Erik, et al.
(author)
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A Randomized Controlled Trial of Guided Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction
- 2011
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In: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1743-6095 .- 1743-6109. ; 8:10, s. 2800-2809
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction. Men with erectile dysfunction are often worried about their condition, have interpersonal difficulties, and have a reduced quality of life. Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) has been shown effective for a number of health problems but evidence is limited concerning the treatment of erectile dysfunction. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanAim. The study investigated the effects of ICBT for erectile dysfunction. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods. Seventy-eight men were included in the study and randomized to either ICBT or to a control group, which was an online discussion group. Treatment consisted of a 7-week Web-based program with e-mail-based therapist support. Each therapist spent an average of 55 minutes per participant. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMain Outcome Measure. The International Index of Erectile Functioning five-item version was administered via the telephone at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 6 months after receiving ICBT. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults. At post-treatment, the treatment group had significantly greater improvements with regard to erectile performance compared with the control group. Between-group differences at post-treatment were small (d = 0.1), but increased at the 6-month follow-up (d = 0.88). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions. This study provides support for the use of ICBT as a possible treatment format for erectile dysfunction.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, E, et al.
(author)
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Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized controlled trial
- 2012
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In: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 42:10, s. 2193-2203
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) but access to CBT is limited. Internet-based CBT (ICBT) with therapist support is potentially a more accessible treatment. There are no randomized controlled trials testing ICBT for OCD. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of ICBT for OCD in a randomized controlled trial. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethod. Participants (n=101) diagnosed with OCD were randomized to either 10 weeks of ICBT or to an attention control condition, consisting of online supportive therapy. The primary outcome measure was the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) administered by blinded assessors. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults. Both treatments lead to significant improvements in OCD symptoms, but ICBT resulted in larger improvements than the control condition on the YBOCS, with a significant between-group effect size (Cohens d) of 1.12 (95% CI 0.69-1.53) at post-treatment. The proportion of participants showing clinically significant improvement was 60% (95% CI 46-72) in the ICBT group compared to 6% (95% CI 1-17) in the control condition. The results were sustained at follow-up. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions. ICBT is an efficacious treatment for OCD that could substantially increase access to CBT for OCD patients. Replication studies are warranted.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
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Autobiographical Memory Specificity in Patients with Tinnitus Versus Patients with Depression and Normal Controls
- 2013
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In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Taylor and Francis (Routledge): STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles / Taylor and Francis (Routledge). - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 42:2, s. 116-126
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Several studies show that patients with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder respond with fewer specific autobiographical memories in a cued memory task (i.e. the autobiographical memory test; AMT) compared to healthy controls. One previous study found this phenomenon among tinnitus patients as well (Andersson, Ingerholt, andamp; Jansson, 2003). The aim of this study was to replicate the previous study with an additional control group of depressed patients and memory errors as measured with the AMT as an additional outcome. We included 20 normal hearing tinnitus patients, 20 healthy controls and 20 persons diagnosed with clinical depression. The AMT was administered together with self-report measures of depression, anxiety and tinnitus distress. Both the tinnitus and depression groups differed from the healthy control group in that they reported fewer specific autobiographical memories. There were, however, differences between the tinnitus and depression groups in terms of the errors made on the AMT. The depression group had more overgeneral memories than the normal control group, whereas the tinnitus group did not differ from the control group on this memory error. The tinnitus group had more semantic associations and non-memories than the other two groups, suggesting that executive functioning may play a role for the tinnitus group when completing the AMT. Clinical and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
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Chronic Pain in Older Adults: A Controlled Pilot Trial of a Brief Cognitive-Behavioural Group Treatment
- 2012
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In: Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1352-4658 .- 1469-1833. ; 40:2, s. 239-244
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Chronic pain is a common condition among older adults. While cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) has been tested in numerous studies on adults and children there are fewer studies on older persons. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a six-session CBT group treatment for older persons with chronic pain. As a secondary aim we investigated whether treatment credibility was associated with outcome. Method: We included 21 persons (mean age = 72.0 years) who were randomly allocated to either a waitlist condition or treatment consisting of applied relaxation, with the addition of problem solving, assertiveness, communication strategies, sleep management, and relapse prevention. Results: Few statistically significant effects were found on measures of pain, mood, anxiety, and quality of life; however, a significant treatment effect with a between group effect size of d = 1.0 was observed with respect to perceived ability to function despite the discomfort of pain. Conclusion: The study provides some preliminary support for the use of group-based CBT with a focus on applied relaxation for older adults with chronic pain.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
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Commentary on Berger, Hohl, and Caspar's (2009) Internet-based treatment for social phobia : a randomized controlled trial in Journal of clinical psychology, ISSN 1097-4679, vol 65, issue 10, pp 1036-1038
- 2009
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In: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 65:10, s. 1036-1038
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this commentary, we discuss the implications of the findings by Berger, Hohl, and Casper (this issue) together with the emerging database on the effects of Internet treatment for social anxiety disorder (social phobia). Their article is the third independent replication of guided Internet treatment of social anxiety disorder, and in this article, we comment on future research challenges and if Internet treatment now can be regarded as ready for dissemination into regular clinical settings.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
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Delivering cognitive behavioural therapy for mild to moderate depression via the Internet : Predicting outcome at 6-month follow-up
- 2004
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In: Verhaltenstherapie (Basel). - : S. Karger AG. - 1016-6262 .- 1423-0402. ; 14:3, s. 185-189
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Mild to moderate depression has been successfully treated with cognitive-behavioural (CBT) bibliotherapy, including minimal therapist contact. More recently, the Internet has been used to deliver the treatment, with obvious gains in terms of cost reduction and increased accessibility. In the present study we analysed pre-treatment predictors of improvement following Internet-based self-help treatment of mild to moderate depression. Patients and Methods: Included were 71 participants from a randomised trial who completed a 6-month follow-up. Change indexes were calculated from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Results: In line with the literature on depression, the number of previous episodes of depression was negatively associated with improvement after treatment. Follow-up scores on the BDI and MADRS were associated with pre-treatment levels of depression, anxiety and low levels of quality of life. Discussion: As indicated by traditional psychotherapy studies, finding predictors of outcome is a difficult task. Patients with repeated episodes of depression might benefit less from self-help over the Internet, but as the correlation is weak, no firm conclusions can be drawn.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
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Randomised controlled non-inferiority trial with 3-year follow-up of internet-delivered versus face-to-face group cognitive behavioural therapy for depression
- 2013
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In: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 151:3, s. 986-994
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Guided internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) has been found to be effective in the treatment of mild to moderate depression, but there have been no direct comparisons with the more established group-based CBT with a long-term follow-up. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethod: Participants with mild to moderate depression were recruited from the general population and randomized to either guided ICBT (n =33) or to live group treatment (n=36). Measures were completed before and after the intervention to assess depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Follow-ups were conducted at one-year and three-year after the treatment had ended. Results: Data were analysed on an intention-to-treat basis using linear mixed-effects regression analysis. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults on the self-rated version of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale showed significant improvements in both groups across time indicating non-inferiority of guided ICBT, and there was even a tendency for the guided ICBT group to be superior to group-based CBT at three year follow-up. Within-group effect sizes for the ICBT condition at post treatment showed a Cohens d=1.46, with a similar large effect at 3-year follow-up, d=1.78. For the group CBT the corresponding within group effects were d =0.99 and d=1.34, respectively. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanLimitations: The study was small with two active treatments and there was no placebo or credible control condition. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: Guided ICBT is at least as effective as group based CBT and long-term effects can be sustained up to 3 years after treatment.
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