| 1. |
- Ávila-Zúñiga Nordfjeld, Adriana, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Proposing a Mathematical Dynamic Model to Develop a National Maritime Security Assessment and Build a National Maritime Security Plan
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Maritime Research. - : Universidad de Cantabria. - 1697-4840 .- 1697-9133. ; 20:3, s. 123-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A proper assessment of maritime security risks at the national level is crucial to a national maritime security plan (NMSP) in order to secure the concerned country’s ports, vessels and territorial sea. Thus, the importance of implementing a national maritime security assessment (NMSA) to counter security threats and ensure the continuity of national and international trade. The most important set of international regulations concerning maritime security is the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code, which includes revision, approval and control of compliance of the Port Facility Security Plan (PFSP), which shall be based upon the Port Facility Security Assessment (PFSA). This paper proposes a mathematical dynamic model that calculates in real time the residual risk for the whole country and each of its ports by adapting and expanding the formula and procedures established in the Code, which since it has already been implemented around the world, gives the opportunity to take advantage of this quantitative solution to administrate maritime security risks on a nation-wide basis and create an effective national maritime security plan, which would allow the concerned authorities to improve situational awareness and adapt to security changes through a better planning of human, economic and material resources to deter security threats. The model was tested with the use of five encoded categories as countries, each of them with three ports, which encompassed three port facilities. The results indicate that this methodology is easy to implement and widespread use of that model could strength robustness in national security.
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| 2. |
- Macassa, Gloria, et al.
(författare)
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Common Problems! and Common Solutions? - Teaching at the Intersection Between Public Health and Criminology : A Public Health Perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: Annals of Global Health. - : Ubiquity Press. - 2214-9996. ; 90:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public health and criminology share similar current and future challenges, mostly related to crime and health causation, prevention, and sustainable development. Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches to education at the intersection of public health and criminology can be an integral part of future training in areas of mutual interest. Based on reflections on teaching criminology students, this viewpoint discusses the main interconnections between public health and criminology teaching through the public health lens. The paper discusses potential challenges associated with interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity. Among these challenges is communication across the different fields and their perspectives to be able to achieve the desired complementarity at the intersection of the two disciplines.
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| 3. |
- Lundell, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Use of Commercial SaaS Solutions in Swedish Public Sector Organisations under Unknown Contract Terms
- 2022
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Ingår i: Electronic Government. - Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland AG. - 9783031150869 - 9783031150852 ; , s. 73-92
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lawful and appropriate use of cloud-based globally provided Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) solutions by a public sector organisation (PSO) for data processing and maintenance of digital assets presupposes an investigation of all relevant contract terms. Having obtained, analysed, and filed all relevant contract terms when using a SaaS solution is a prerequisite for good administration. Identifying and obtaining all relevant contract terms for a SaaS solution involves significant obstacles which in practice may be impossible to overcome for each PSO. This paper addresses how PSOs investigate contract terms prior to adoption, and why PSOs use a globally provided SaaS solution without having identified and obtained all relevant contract terms. Through a review of responses to questions and public documents from Swedish PSOs we analysed how each PSO had investigated contract terms and licences for the Microsoft 365 (M365) solution prior to adoption and use of the solution in each PSO. We find that no PSO had investigated all relevant contract terms prior to use of M365, which implies that each PSO uses M365 under unknown contract terms. Further, we find that all PSOs use M365 for data processing of its digital assets under unknown contract terms and that each PSO has significant dependence and trust in its supplier.
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| 4. |
- Lundell, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Half a step behind – bulk disclosure of confidential data in third-party GenAI solutions under the Swedish Public Access to Information and Secrecy Act
- 2024
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Ingår i: Digital Government: Research and Practice. - : ACM Digital Library. - 2691-199X .- 2639-0175.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technological progress poses unique challenges for the public sector. New technology should be adopted, but it must always be done within the framework of good administration. It follows laws governing public administration must be continuously adapted. Sweden recently amended its secrecy legislation to facilitate the use of third-party cloud solutions by public authorities. When the amendment was enacted, most public sector organisations had already been using external cloud solutions for a long time. Today, there is as much pressure on authorities to implement AI technology as there ever was to move administration into the cloud. This paper uses traditional legal methodology to investigate if the Swedish secrecy legislation adequately enables the use of cloud-based GenAI solutions. Findings indicate that the recent amendment is likely insufficient and that there are significant practical hurdles for the application of the law, particularly with services from global cloud providers. The paper contributes to the understanding of Swedish law, and of the difficulties that can occur anywhere when policy makers and legislators do not move in tandem.
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| 5. |
- Akl, Ziad, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating seat belt use in Lebanon (1997-2017)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Open Public Health Journal. - : Bentham Science Publishers B.V.. - 1874-9445. ; 12:1, s. 127-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The use of seat belts has made a significant contribution to the reduction of road traffic casualties, and the risk inherent with not wearing seat belts in all seats of a vehicle is now well-known worldwide. The use of seat belts has a major role in reducing fatal and nonfatal injuries in all types of motor-vehicles crashes. Aim: The aim of this study is to understand the reasons behind the variation in seat belt use over the past two decades in Lebanon. It analyzes the situation and suggests recommendations to improve seat belt use in Lebanon. Design: Nine observational studies had been conducted in Lebanon during the last two decades between 1997 and 2017, and one qualitative study was performed in 2017. Results: The results show a significant variation in the use of the seat belt. When enforcement efforts are in progress, seat belt use increases. While when there are no checkpoints and the enforcement of seat belt use is almost absent, a significant fall was noticed. Discussion: The results of this study proved the failure of the Lebanese government in saving hundreds of lives just by a simple measure of enforcing seat belt law. Although experiences from various countries prove that such laws usually have a long-lasting effect on seat belt use, Lebanon failed to pursue the successful implementation of this law due to security and political problems. Conclusion: During the past two decades, Lebanon witnessed continuous fluctuations in seat belt use. Outside few short enforcement campaigns, our observations showed lack in seat belt use. Our observations of seat belt use among drivers and front seat passengers showed a significant correlation between seat belt use and the enforcement of seat belt law. The greatest national benefits from seat belt use are obtained when wearing rates are very high. This can be achieved only through a sustained enforcement campaign alongside other seat belt wearing interventions such as publicity and education. © 2019 Open Public Health Journal. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- MacGregor, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-doping, purported rights to privacy and WADA’s whereabouts requirements : A legal analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Fair Play. - : Universitat Pompeu Fabra. - 2014-9255. ; 1:2, s. 13-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent discussions among lawyers, philosophers, policy researchers and athletes have focused on the potential threat to privacy posed by the World Anti-Doping Agency’s (WADA) whereabouts requirements. These requirements demand, among other things, that all elite athletes file their whereabouts information for the subsequent quarter on a quarterly basis and comprise data for one hour of each day when the athlete will be available and accessible for no advance notice testing at a specified location of their choosing. Failure to file one’s whereabouts, or the non-availability for testing at said location on three occasions within any 18-month period constitutes an anti-doping rule violation that is equivalent to testing positive to a banned substance, and may lead to a suspension of the athlete for a time period of between one and two years. We critically explore the extent to which WADA’s whereabouts requirements are in tension with existing legislation on privacy, with respect to UK athletes, who are simultaneously protected by UK domestic and EU law. Both UK domestic and EU law are subject to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) Article 8, which establishes a right to “respect for private and family life, home and correspondence”. We critically discuss the centrality of the whereabouts requirements in relation to WADA’s aims, and the adoption and implementation of its whereabouts rules. We conclude that as WADA’s whereabouts requirements appear to be in breach of an elite athlete’s rights under European workers’ rights, health & safety and data protection law they are also, therefore, in conflict with Article 8 of the ECHR and the UK Human Rights Act 1998. We call for specific amendments that cater for the exceptional case of elite sports labour if the WADA requirements are to be considered legitimate.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Woolfson, Charles, et al.
(författare)
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Forced Labour and Migrant BerryPickers in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations. - : Kluwer Law International. - 0952-617X .- 1875-838X. ; 28:2, s. 147-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Groups of migrant berry pickers arriving annually in Sweden from both Asia and the newer European Union Member States have been subject to exploitation over the years. The problem appears to persist in spite of public and international concern and successive regulatory reforms. An examination of this problem from a forced labour perspective suggests inadequate implementation and application of international norms in Swedish law, as well as deficiencies in the application of criminal-law and in regulatory oversight. Policy recommendations regarding the labour conditions for seasonal migrant workers in Sweden are put forward.
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| 9. |
- Thörnqvist, Christer, 1961-
(författare)
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Inte självklart att lagstiftning leder till färre strejker
- 2018
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Ingår i: Dagens Arena. - Stockholm. ; :2018-07-04
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Diskussionen om hamnkonflikten i Göteborg har hittills saknat ett historiskt perspektiv. I denna essä visar forskaren Christer Thörnqvist att lagstiftning tidigare varit ineffektiv mot arbetsmarknadskonflikter, men däremot har uppenbara risker.
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| 10. |
- Thörnqvist, Christer, 1961-
(författare)
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Utredning med varningsflagg
- 2018
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Ingår i: Arbetet. ; :2018-05-04, s. 5-
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Företrädare för fack och arbetsgivare säger att risken för gula fack är minimal. Men lagar stiftas för framtiden och hur kommande generationer av arbetsgivare agerar finns det inga garantier för. Att ändra i strejkrätten för med sig stora risker, skriver Christer Thörnqvist, docent i arbetsvetenskap.
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