| 1. |
- Andersson, Ann-Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Five Types of Practice-Based ImprovementIdeas in Health Care Services: An EmpiricallyDefined Typology
- 2011
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Ingår i: Quality Management in Health Care. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1063-8628 .- 1550-5154. ; 20:2, s. 122-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to empirically identify and present different kinds of practice-based improvement ideas developed in health care services. The focus is on individual placement needs, problems/issues, and the ability to organize work on the development, implementation, and institutionalization of ideas for the health care sector. This study is based on a Swedish county council improvement program. Health care departments and primary health care centers in the Kalmar County Council were invited to apply for money to accomplish improvement projects. A qualitative content analysis was done of 183 proposed applications from various health care departments and primary health care centers. The following 5 types of improvement projects were identified: organizational process, evidence and quality, competence development, process technology, and proactive patient work. This illustrates the range of strategies that encourage letting individual units define their own improvement needs. These projects point to the various problems and experiences health care professionals encounter in their day-to-day work. To generalize beyond this improvement program and to validate the typology, we applied it to all articles found when searching for quality improvement projects in the journal Quality Management in Health Care during the last 2 years and found that all of them could be fitted into at least 1 of those 5 categories. This article provides valuable insights into the current state of improvemen work in Swedish health care, and will serve as a foundation for further investigations in this quality improvement program.
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| 2. |
- Langius-Eklöf, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of coherence and psychiatric morbidity in terms of anxiety and depression in patients with major depression before and after electric convulsive treatment
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:2, s. 375-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The specific aim of this study was to explore if the Sense of Coherence (SOC) Scale reflects and overlaps with standardized psychiatric assessments of depression and anxiety leading to the main hypothesis that the degree of depression decreases while the SOC scores remain stable. Fifteen patients with a diagnosis of major depression according to Axis I in DSM-IV and planned electric convulsive treatment (ECT) participated in the study. The clinician-rated instruments, Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Global Assessment of Function (GAF), and the self-assessment instruments such as SOC and the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale-Self Rating Scale for Affective Syndromes (CPRS-S-A) were used before and after the treatment. The patients showed statistically significant improvements in clinician-rated depression (p < 0.001) and functional status (p < 0.001), and in self-rated anxiety (p = 0.001) and depression (p = 0.003). There was no significant improvement in SOC (p = 0.213). No significant correlations were found between the SOC scores and any of the measures except for GAF after treatment (r = 0.57, p = 0.039); the lower the SOC scores the greater was the functional dysfunction. In conclusion, the SOC Scale seems not to be a measure of psychopathology in terms of depression or anxiety merely.
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| 3. |
- Tinghög, Petter, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Cross‐cultural equivalence of HSCL‐25 and WHO (ten) Wellbeing Index : findings from a population‐based survey of immigrants and non‐immigrants in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Community mental health journal. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0010-3853 .- 1573-2789. ; 46:1, s. 65-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL‐25) and the WHO (ten) Wellbeing Index are cross‐culturally equivalent by comparing Scandinavians with Middle Eastern immigrants in Sweden. The study population consisted of a stratified random sample of nativeborn Swedes and immigrants from Finland, Iraq and Iran. Both instruments loaded on a single factor in the respective populations. A few of the items did however not discriminate or predict equally well in the groups, nonetheless it was found to only marginally influenced the instruments’ total scores in both groups. The analyses also revealed that the groups had similar intercept and slope when the exogenous factor traumatic episodes was used to predict the measurement scores, supporting scalar equivalency. In conclusion, the results support the use of these instruments in population‐based surveys within multicultural Western societies.
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| 4. |
- Tinghög, Petter, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Immigrant‐ and non‐immigrant‐specific factors’ association with mental ill health among immigrants in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Psychiatry. - : SAGE Publications. - 0020-7640 .- 1741-2854. ; 56:1, s. 74-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It has often been shown that immigrants are particularly at risk for mental ill health. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of immigrant‐ and non‐immigrant‐specific factors with mental ill health, within a diverse immigrant population. Method: An extensive questionnaire was sent out to a stratified random sample of three immigrant populations from Finland, Iraq and Iran. The 720 respondents completed a Swedish, Arabic or Persian version of the questionnaire including the WHO (ten) wellbeing index and the HSCL‐25. Results: The results indicate that mental ill health among immigrants is independently associated with non‐immigrant‐specific factors (i.e. a high number of types of traumatic episodes, divorced or widow/widower, a poor social network, economic insecurity and being a woman) and immigrant‐specific factors (i.e. a low level of socio‐cultural adaptation). These results were obtained regardless of whether mental ill health was operationalised as low subjective wellbeing or a high symptom level of anxiety/depression. Conclusions: These findings support the notion that mental ill health among immigrants is a multi‐faceted phenomenon that needs to be tackled within a wide range of sectors − e.g. the health care system, the social service sector and of course the political arena.
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| 5. |
- Tinghög, Petter, 1973-
(författare)
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Migration, Stress and Mental Ill Health : Post-migration Factors and Experiences in the Swedish Context
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This predominantly empirical dissertation deals with how socio-economic living conditions and immigrant-specific factors can be linked to immigrants’ mental ill health. It is also explored how cultural representations can affect stress and whether mental ill health is expressed differently among immigrants from Iraq and Iran than among individuals of Nordic origin. Moreover, a conceptual analysis is conducted, where a phenomenological conceptualisation of stress is outlined with a special focus on how this stress approach can be related to culture and migration.The empirical material consists of eleven in-depth interviews with Iraqi and Iranian immigrant women and two population-based surveys.The main findings of this thesis suggest as follows: 1) Mental ill health is more common among foreign-born than among native-born Swedes and can to a great extent be attributed to their poorer socio-economic living conditions. 2) Immigrants’ mental health is independently associated with different types of factors, such as traumatic episodes, socio-cultural adaptation level and socioeconomic living conditions. 3) The self-reporting mental health instruments, HSCL-25 and WHO (ten) Wellbeing Index, produce scores that are comparable between Scandinavians and immigrants of Middle Eastern descent. 4) Nonuniversal representations that can be found in Iraq and Iran can amplify, or even be necessary ingredients in certain types of stressful experiences among immigrant women from these countries. 5) The distinctions between universal and non-universal stress, and between immigrant/minority and non-immigrant/nonminority stress appear to be crucial for an adequate comprehension of immigrants’ stressful experiences.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Östlund, Britt, 1956-
(författare)
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Gammal är äldst : En studie om teknik i äldre människors liv
- 1995
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with the role of technology in elderly peoples everydaylife, to what extent technology can facilitate or prevent them from havinga social life. The intension is to describe the role of technology from olderpeoples own perspective. Four activities in everyday life in which technology is involved are emphasised: social contacts, security, information and distribution of services and goods. Technology related to these activities are telephones, televisions, safety alarms and homeshopping-terminals. The aim of the study is to describe how these fourtechnologies are used by the elderly and what function and meaning theygive to the technology; and to describe old peoples attitudes to newtechnology in general and to the home shopping-terminals specificallyand how this technology affects their everyday life contacts and routins.The main emphirical work consists of recurrent interviews andobservations of a group of old people living in a city (Malmo) and in a rural district (Kinda).The results show that the function of technologies such as the telephoneand the television becomes more specific and even more important to connect the home with the outside world. By this kind of technology the interviewees remain socially integrated but, which is one of their expressed preferences, with no demands on social participation. A growing need of privacy is succesfully combined with an increased need of security and help. Technology is not used to establish new contacts but relations to relatives and friends are maintained. The attitude and acceptance of new technology in general is positive due to their lifelong experiences of improvements. The difference is that they are not that interested anymore, referring to an increased pragmatic vue towards modernity, to a limited future-perspective and to their basic values.
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| 8. |
- Manhica, Hélio, et al.
(författare)
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Labour market participation among young refugees in Sweden and the potential of education : a national cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1367-6261 .- 1469-9680. ; 22:4, s. 533-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This register-based study examined the importance of education on labour market participation among young refugees in Sweden. The study population consisted of unaccompanied (n = 1606) and accompanied refuges (n = 4142), aged 23–26 years in 2006–2010, after 7 years of residence in Sweden. Native Swedish, aged 24 years (n = 347,255) constituted the comparison population, with intercountry adoptees (n = 6689) as an alternative reference group. Gender-stratified multinomial regression models indicated that unaccompanied and accompanied male and female young refugees had higher risks of being in insecure work force and NEET compared to native Swedes with comparable levels of education. However, young refugees and intercountry adoptees with primary education had similar risks of poor labour market outcomes. The educational differences within each group concerning the risk of being in insecure work force were comparable. With the exception of unaccompanied females, secondary education seemed to be less protective against being in NEET among young refugees compared to native Swedes and intercountry adoptees. We conclude that while young refugees face employment disadvantages, education has the potential of mitigating poor labour market outcomes in this group.
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| 9. |
- Tinghög, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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A phenomenological approach to the study of stress among immigrants : the case of Iraqi and Iranian women in Sweden
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study begins with the outlining of a general phenomenological theory of stress, which subsequently is applied to eleven Iraqi and Iranian migrant women’s own accounts of life in Sweden. The analysis of the interviews suggested that domestic disputes and intergenerational conflicts may become particularly stressful in that they are often amplified by incompatible Western and Non‐Western representations. The detected stressful experiences are analysed and structured to elucidate their character. Finally, a typology of stressful experiences in the new environment based on the distinctions between immigrant/minority‐specific and non‐immigrant/‐ minority‐specific stress, as well as between culturogenic and non‐culturogenic stress, is presented and defended.
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| 10. |
- Tinghög, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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To what extent may the association between immigrant status and mental illness be explained by socioeconomic factors?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 42:12, s. 990-996
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Immigrants in Sweden have a higher rate of mental illness than the native Swedes. This study investigated to what extent the association between immigrant status and mental illness can be explained by a different distribution of known risk factors for impaired mental health between groups of immigrants and persons born in Sweden. Methods The study is based on data from the Swedish PART-study, designed to identify risk factors for, and social consequences of, mental illness. The study population consists of a random sample of 10,423 Swedish citizens, whereof 1,109 were immigrants. The data was collected in the year 2000. The immigrants were divided into three groups based on country of origin (Scandinavians born outside Sweden, Europeans born outside Scandinavia, non-Europeans). The occurrence of mental illness among immigrants and native Swedes were compared not adjusting and adjusting for indicators of socioeconomic advantage/disadvantage (education, income, labour market position, etc). Mental illness was approximated with the WHO (ten) wellbeing index scale and depressive symptoms were measured with the major depression inventory scale (MDI). Results Immigrants’ excess risk for low subjective wellbeing was completely accounted for by adjustment for known risk factors in all the immigrant groups. However, social-economic disadvantages could not account for the non-European immigrants’ higher prevalence of depression (MDI), although the increased relative risk found in univariate analyses was substantially reduced. Conclusions The findings in this study suggest that the association between immigrant status and mental illness appears above all to be an effect of a higher prevalence of social and economic disadvantage.
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