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- Karlsson, Charlie, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship and innovation networks
- 2014
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 43:2, s. 393-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we give a general introduction to the notion of entrepreneurship and how it has many complex meanings. Entrepreneurs in new firms but also in incumbent firms have a key role in local, regional and national economic development by taking risks to get things done by developing new combinations of ideas and/or doing things differently. In view of this, two of the main questions that are dealt with are: (1) which features make structural differences in institutions and innovation networks remain invariant between decades, and (2) how knowledge about such features can be employed in policy at the national and the regional level. The research questions highlighted in this special issue relate to many pertinent national and regional policy issues. The most apparent concerns conditions conducive for entrepreneurship in the form of new firms and firm growth. In this paper, we also introduce the different contributors to this special issue.
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- Gråsjö, Urban, 1962-
(författare)
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Spatial Spillovers of Knowledge Production : An Accessibility Approach
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main focus of the thesis is on issues concerning production of knowledge. It is a common observation that knowledge activities have a tendency to agglomerate as well as to spill over in space. In order to incorporate geographical proximity, the thesis applies an accessibility approach in which actual travel time distances between locations are used to discount spatial knowledge spillovers. The thesis consists of three individual essays and a joint introduction. The first essay explores to what extent accessibility to R&D conducted at universities and companies can explain the number of patent applications in Swedish municipalities. The second essay analyses the relationship between knowledge accessibility and regional export performance. The knowledge resources used are R&D efforts and university educated labour. Since the distributions of the dependent variables are skewed with a few influential outliers, the estimations are conducted with quantile regressions. The empirical findings indicate that accessibility to university R&D has minor effects on patent production and export performance in Sweden. However, the other used inputs, i.e. accessibility to company R&D and accessibility to university educated labour, are of greater importance. The results also show that knowledge flows transcend municipal borders but that they tend to be bounded within functional regions. The third essay investigates how the inclusion of accessibility variables, i.e. spatially lagged explanatory variables, affects the extent of spatial autocorrelation. The basic proposition is that the inclusion of inputs external to the spatial observation as separate variables reveals spatial dependencies via the parameter estimates. This is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations. The Monte Carlo Simulations also indicate that problems with spatial autocorrelation and biased parameter estimates are reduced.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Charlie, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Higher Education and university R&D for Industrial R&D Location
- 2009
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Ingår i: Universities, Knowledge Transfer and Regional Development. Geography, Entrepreneurshipand Policy. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781845429317 - 1845429311 ; , s. 85-108, s. 85-108
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Westlund, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Creativity as an integral element of social capital and its role in economic performance
- 2014
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Ingår i: Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship and Creativity. - Northampton : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781781004432 - 9781781004425 ; , s. 60-96
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter provides a theoretically informed discussion of creativity in social capital and elaborates on its role in economic growth and development based on recent theoretical developments in evolutionary economics and economic geography. We discuss social capital as an explanatory factor for creativity and creative processes in the short run, but also creativity as a factor having impacts on social networks, norms and values in the long run. The theoretical discussions are complemented with empirical illustrations and examples. Our starting point is that creativity has both an individual and a collective component, which are both linked to social capital.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Charlie, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Interregional inventor networks as studied by patent coinventorships
- 2006
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - Örebro Sweden : EconPapers. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 35:3, s. 412-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the structure of the interregional inventor networks in Sweden by examining the residence of inventors and coinventors involved in Swedish patent applications to the European Patent Office. Several factors are found to influence the spatial affinity of regions. We find that spatial affinity extends beyond the region if it has less own R&D-related resources (business R&D, university R&D and patenting); if it is close to the other region and if it is relatively small. The resources of that other region plays a positive role if, in analogue fashion, that region has more R&D-related resources.
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, Charlie, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge and Regional Development
- 2009
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Ingår i: Handbook of Regional Growth and Development Theories. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781847205063 ; , s. 239-255
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, Charlie, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Exit and Entry over the Product Life Cycle : Evidence from the Swedish Manufacturing Industry
- 2003
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 21:2, s. 135-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper the process of exit and entry of firms in the Swedish manufacturing industry is investigated within the framework of the product life cycle. The product life cycle theory explains how the high degree of uncertainty, as regards product designs and production methods, which is connected to the early stages of the product life cycle requires a high level of knowledge-intensity. Since uncertainty decrease over the product life cycle, less knowledge is needed in production during later stages of the product life cycle. This implies that knowledge-intensity differs for firms that exit and enter in different stages of the product life cycle. Four hypotheses regarding these relationships are stated and empirically tested in this paper, using data at the 5-digit SIC-level for the Swedish manufacturing industry during 1990–1996. The empirical results show that entrants in the early stages of the product life cycle are more knowledge-intensive than incumbent firms. It is also found that firms exiting in early stages of the product life cycle are more knowledge-intensive than firms exiting in later stages.
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