| 1. |
- Long, Vicky, et al.
(författare)
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An Indigenous Innovation : An Example from Mobile Communication Technology
- 2016
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Ingår i: Oxford Development Studies. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1360-0818 .- 1469-9966. ; 44:1, s. 113-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the processes of indigenous (global South) innovation, particularly of the “high-tech” and “radical” kind, which have spurred technological catch-up, using the example of a third-generation (3G) Chinese mobile communications technology standard. Three hypotheses were generated from this study: (a) modularity-in-design opens new windows of opportunity for technological catching-up; (b) the lack of essential intellectual property rights acts as a key inducement, or a factor-saving bias, that influences the rate and direction of indigenous innovation in the global South; and (c) the long tail of an old technology affects the take-off of a new indigenous innovation, essentially by shortening the technological distance to be covered.
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| 2. |
- Hammar, Henrik, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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The kilometer tax and Swedish industry-effects on sectors and regions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Economics. - London : Chapman and Hall. - 0003-6846 .- 1466-4283. ; 43, s. 2907-2917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An introduction of a kilometer tax for heavy goods vehicles can be constrained by the risk of that higher production costs than competitors in other countries will negatively affect regions and industries of policy concern. We estimate factor demand elasticities in the Swedish manufacturing industry using firm level data for the 1990 to 2001 period on input prices and quantities. The results show that the introduction of a kilometer tax for heavy goods vehicles decreases transport demand and increases labour demand. The effects are less pronounced in terms of changes in output, though some industries (e.g. wood, pulp and paper) can be expected to be affected more than others due to their dependence on road freight transport. The regional dimension regarding the consequences of a kilometer tax seems to be small or even nonexisting.
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| 3. |
- Sundberg, Marcus, 1975-
(författare)
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Essays on Spatial Economies and Organization
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis concerns both static and dynamic modeling in a spatial computable general equilibrium setting. First, we have applied a static framework for the assessment of economic impacts of the Öresund bridge. Secondly, we make an attempt to enhance the static framework through the introduction of economic dynamics. Third, we introduce the STRAGO model, incorporating monopolistic competition, dynamics and additive transport costs. STRAGO is applied to the analysis of effects from a kilometer tax on freight. The last paper presents a framework for studying the division, or fragmentation of production. This framework uses the standard theory of monopolistic competition, with a production chain extension, through a recursive view of markets. The optimal level of fragmentation in such industries is studied.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Jensen, Febi, et al.
(författare)
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New ventures in Cleantech : Opportunities, capabilities and innovation outcomes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Business Strategy and the Environment. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0964-4733 .- 1099-0836. ; 9:3, s. 902-917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Facing the challenge of climate change, innovations that imply environmental benefits create business opportunities for entrepreneurs. This paper analyzes innovation capabilities of startups in Cleantech and how the innovation outcomes of those startups develop over time. Based on the Mannheim Foundation Panel and applying propensity score matching, a cohort of 567 Cleantech startups is analyzed and compared with a control cohort of non‐Cleantech startups. We find that startups in Cleantech have, on average, higher technological capabilities compared with all other startups. Our econometric evidence shows that Cleantech startups are more likely to combine existing technology in a novel way. Finally, we find that Cleantech startups develop more market novelties in subsequent years when compared with their control group peers.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Dan, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Family business : A missing link in economics?
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Journal of Family Business Strategy. - : Elsevier. - 1877-8585 .- 1877-8593. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Family firms account for a substantial share of economic activity and deviate from standard economic assumptions on firmbehavior. However, little is known about how these firms are represented in economic theory. This article examines the inclusion of family business in the curricula of economics doctoral programs in the United States and Sweden as well as professors’ and textbook authors’ views and research on family business. Textbooks, articles and course offerings used in doctoral programs are considered to indicate the state of established knowledge in the field. The findings show that family business is not included in the examined curricula. Furthermore, professors and authors do not publish research on family business and generally do not see a need to incorporate it into economic theory. This article concludes that family business is excluded from ‘core’ economic theory due to a lack of paradigmatic pluralism, axiomatic incompatibility, path dependency, institutional bias and data constraints. Lastly, it is speculated that integration of family business theory into standard economic modeling is likely to occur outside prestigious universities due to path dependency in research.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, Charlie, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurship and innovation networks
- 2014
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 43:2, s. 393-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we give a general introduction to the notion of entrepreneurship and how it has many complex meanings. Entrepreneurs in new firms but also in incumbent firms have a key role in local, regional and national economic development by taking risks to get things done by developing new combinations of ideas and/or doing things differently. In view of this, two of the main questions that are dealt with are: (1) which features make structural differences in institutions and innovation networks remain invariant between decades, and (2) how knowledge about such features can be employed in policy at the national and the regional level. The research questions highlighted in this special issue relate to many pertinent national and regional policy issues. The most apparent concerns conditions conducive for entrepreneurship in the form of new firms and firm growth. In this paper, we also introduce the different contributors to this special issue.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lind, Hans, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Belåningsgrader och lånevillkor : en studie av husköpare våren 2008
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den internationella utvecklingen när det gäller huspriser och en kraftig ökning av antalet hushåll som tvingas sälja sin bostad leder naturligtvis till frågan om samma sak kommer att hända här. Utifrån den negativa internationella bilden kan man säga att resultaten av denna studie i huvudsak ger skäl till en mer optimistisk bild av situationen:- Den genomsnittliga belåningsgraden är relativt låg (drygt 60%) , även om det var en fjärdedel som hade en belåningsgrad på över 88%.- En mycket liten grupp av hushållen oroar sig för inte klara sina boendekostnader. Endast 2% kände en stor oro och förklaringen är rimligen att inkomstnivå är relativt hög bland de hushåll som köpt bostad under den aktuella tiden. I media har rapporterats att det skett en kraftig procentuell ökning av antalet exekutiva auktioner, men det är viktigt att notera att detta räknas från en mycket låg nivå i absoluta tal och därför motsäger inte detta resultatet i denna studie som pekar på att enbart en mycket liten grupp av hushåll kommer att drabbas av detta. Även om det är en tragedi i det enskilda falletär det därför inte troligt att det blir ett stort samhällsekonomiskt problem eller att det blir storakreditförluster för bankerna.Ska man peka på några oroande drag är det:- Många hushåll har alla lån på rörlig ränta vilket kan ge stora utgiftsökningar om räntorna stiger. Eftersom räntehöjningar normalt sker i uppåtgående konjunkturer kan det dock mycket väl vara så att hushållen klarar dessa höjningar.- Många hushåll amorterar inget och det gör att den långsiktiga belåningsgraden kan bli ett problem. Även om huspriserna inte fallit nämnvärt hittills, bedömer de flesta experter att huspriserna även i Sverige långsiktigt kommer att falla och då kan amorteringsbehovet öka. Avslutningsvis kan man säga att en orsak till husköparnas relativt goda ekonomiska situation är att man har gjort en "boendekarriär". De allra flesta har ägt en bostadsrätt eller egnahem redan innan och prisökningarna under de sista 5-10 åren har rimligen bidragit till att denna grupp har kunna bygga upp ett betydande eget kapital. Samtidigt har naturligtvis denna utveckling gjort det svårare att ta steget från hyresrätt till ägd bostad.
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