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Sökning: AMNE:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Juridik) > Banakar Reza

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2.
  • Banakar, Reza, et al. (författare)
  • Law and Regulation in Late Modernity
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Law and Social Theory. - 9781849463812 ; 1, s. 305-324
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • What happens to law when social institutions which ground its normativity become unstable and transitory? How can regulation make sense when fleetingness and fluidity become the enduring property of social structures? The social consequences of globalisation and the rise of the network society have heightened and expanded human agency’s powers of reflexivity vis-à-vis social structures. They have accelerated the process which melts the solid contours of the industrial society, paving the way for the emergence of reflexive or late modernity. These radical transformative processes have increased the agency’s ability to free itself from the constraints of social institutions and enabled it to move beyond the effective reach of traditional forms of social control. Under these conditions, forms of law, which are tied to social structures, lose their determinacy as they try to respond to the fluidity of social processes. This chapter starts by introducing the notion of late modernity before moving on to explore how the law fares under socio-cultural conditions specific to late modern societies. Part One uses the financial global crisis of 2007-2008 as a backdrop against which to formulate a number of concerns regarding the limits of legal regulation in late modernity. Part Two explores the formation and operations of the late modern state, asking if power is separated from politics and has moved to the level of global organisations. Part Three asks what kind of law is emerging de facto in response to the fluidity of late modernity, and how legal imagination envisages the future of law. The chapter concludes by discussing why late modernity, which marks the agency’s heightened powers of reflexivity, appears paradoxically wanting in transcendental imagination and determination.
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3.
  • Banakar, Reza, et al. (författare)
  • Law, Love and Responsibility : A Note on Solidarity in EU Law
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Festskrift till Håkan Hydén. - 9789154405756 ; , s. 69-83
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This paper argues that although solidarity was developed as a principle in EU law to enhance the unity and cooperation between the Member States, its viability at the transnational level remains ultimately a function of its efficacy at the micro level of EU citizens. The question at the core of this inquiry concerns, therefore, how micro and macro dimensions of solidarity are related to each other sociologically and what their relationship means for EU law and the EU’s integration policy. The paper begins by taking a closer look at how the notion of solidarity has been conceptualised within sociology and the sociology of law, before examining the role of solidarity in EU law and policy. It concludes by arguing that the crisis of solidarity must be reexamined in the context of the contradictory policies pursued by the EU which, on the one hand, promote social conflicts while, on the other hand, seek to stabilise social conditions by appealing to a European sense of solidarity. This turns the EU into a source of anxiety that generates a negative form of solidarity, one which is tribal in nature and lends itself easily to the populist tide of nationalism and fear that is currently sweeping across Europe.
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4.
  • Banakar, Reza (författare)
  • Debatt på låtsas
  • 1991
  • Ingår i: I & M. - 1404-6857. ; 91:6, s. 3-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • En invandrare blev brutalt misshandlad och förnedrad av fem svenska poliser medan han hölls i förvar i cell 48 på Centrumhäktet i Polishuset i Malmö i strid mot invandrarverkets beslut att han skulle släppas fri. Poliserna polisanmäldes för misshandel och olaga frihetsberövande och händelsen utlöste en offentlig debatt. Debatten som började intensivt neutraliserades emellertid snabbt av välmenande samhällsdebattörer och inom några månader förvandlades den till en diskussion kring juristutbildningen och knappa resurser vid juridiska institutionen, Lunds universitet.
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5.
  • Hartzén, Ann-Christine (författare)
  • The European Social Dialogue in Perspective : Its future potential as an autopoietic system and lessons from the global maritime system of industrial relations
  • 2017
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • There are three starting points for this thesis. First, there is the system of ESD, which is criticised for lacking capacity to improve the working conditions within the EU. Secondly, there is the system developed through the global ITF FOC campaign, which is considered to have capacity to improve working conditions for seafarers at a global level. Thirdly, there is the theory on self-referential autopoietic systems, which is a useful tool for analysing systems of industrial relations and their functions. The purpose of this thesis is to deepen the understanding of the function of the ESD in relation to the development of EU legislation and policy with the aim of trying to find a model for providing a holistic analysis of regulatory systems for the labour market. The research questions are: ‘How can the significant differences and similarities between the ESD and the global ITF FOC campaign be understood?’ and ‘Why is the ESD generally regarded as lacking the capacity needed for producing results that improve working conditions, while the ITF FOC is considered to have such capacity?’ The theoretical framework used for the analysis is Luhmann’s theory on autopoietic systems. Since the thesis has a normative core I have applied a methodological model that consists of a two-layer analysis at both the empirical and theoretical level. Firstly an analysis of positivistic values has been carried out and secondly an analysis of hermeneutic values. The empirical material consists of documents and texts that can be considered part of or reflecting the communication of the studied systems. The main conclusion is that whereas the ITF FOC system is a traditional system of industrial relations based on the binary code of negotiable or non-negotiable between collective actors the ESD is a system of industrial relations based on a less clear binary code of discussable or non-discussable. The ESD is also subject to less developed communicative structures that negatively affect the system’s capacity both to produce results and to secure the efficient implementation and application of these results. This makes the ESD as a system more sensitive to hermeneutic values framing the programming of structurally coupled systems causing difficulties for the ESD to challenge such hermeneutic values.
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6.
  • Banakar, Reza, et al. (författare)
  • Brexit: A Note on the EU's Interlegality
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Transnationalisation and Legal Actors : Legitimacy in Question - Legitimacy in Question. - 9781138346970 - 9780429437151
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This study argues that Brexit is as much an internal UK crisis of law, identity politics and democracy as it is the EU crisis of integration. Does Brexit bring us a new insight into how the legal order of the EU and its Member States are interrelated? Does it throw a new light on the EU law’s ability to produce a sense of collective European identity and solidarity which transcends national borders and unite the cultural fragments which constitute its Member States? Using the notion of “interlegality,” and the cartographic mechanisms of “scale,” “projection” and “symbolisation,” this study draws attention to how EU laws and policies become inevitably distorted as they pass between legal spaces which are shaped by different scales of regulation. However, Brexit shows that these distortions do not on their own provide sufficient explanation for either the failure of the EU integration policies in respect to the UK or the success of the Leave Campaign in the 2016 referendum. To understand the double crisis which Brexit represents, we need to explore how the EU’s interlegality is shaped by the imbalance of power and authority which permeates the hierarchical structure of the EU. The paper ends by arguing that to minimise the excessive distortions and to maximise the integrative potential of the EU law, we need to envisage the EU’s interlegality outside its existing hierarchy of sources of power which create a primarily top-down flow of legal authority.
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7.
  • Banakar, Reza, et al. (författare)
  • Can Legal Sociology Account for the Normativity of Law?
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Social and Legal Norms. - 9781409453437 ; , s. 15-38
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper challenges the assumption that legal sociology should apply itself to the external or factual properties of the law and leave the internal and normative aspects of legal phenomena to doctrinal scholars and moral philosophers. It argues that legal sociology explores the normative contexts of the law and other social systems, but being restricted by its “scientific” mode of expression it describes and analyses them in sociological rather than moral terms. Legal sociology is, and should be seen as, a different language game than moral and legal philosophy, and its treatment of normativity should be understood on its own terms. The assertion that legal sociology should limit its scope of analysis to the study of the empirical aspects of law and leave the study of law’s normative dimensions to other branches of legal studies is itself a normative supposition and part of the competing discourses which constitute the field of legal research. These discourses aim at demarcating the disciplinary boundaries between various epistemic approaches to the study of law and creating disciplinary identities rather than exploring the methodological scope of socio-legal research. Part One starts by briefly considering the relationship between norms and normativity, arguing that normativity is generated by system as well as lifeworld and is not necessarily reducible to the effects or functions of individual norms. Part Two develops this point by making a case for justice as law’s source of normativity par excellence. It maintains that although the relationship between law and justice is often discussed in terms of norms, the normativity that justice exercises on law is dependent on the broader context of the legal system, which is defined differently by different theories. Part Three draws attention to the methodological constraints of socio-legal research, according to which social scientific studies of law should apply themselves to the external empirical or factual properties of the relationship between law and society and leave the internal and normative matters to doctrinal scholars and moral philosophers, respectively. The paper concludes by arguing that the sphere of socio-legal research is not, and cannot be, limited to an examination of the factual characteristics of law. Moreover, the assertion that legal sociology should apply itself to the study of the empirical aspects of law and leave the normative dimensions to other legal scholars is a normative stance and part of on-going attempts at demarcating the disciplinary boundaries of various branches of legal studies.
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8.
  • Banakar, Reza, et al. (författare)
  • Culture : Reflections on Individualism and Community. Law and society on the roads of Islamic republic
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Driving culture in Iran. - London : I.B. Tauris. - 9781784534486 ; , s. 149-177
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Iran has one of the highest rates of road traffic accidents worldwide and according to a recent UNICEF report, the current rate of road accidents in Iran is 20 times more than the world average. Using extensive interviews with a variety of Iranians from a range of backgrounds, this book explores their dangerous driving habits and the explanations for their disregard for traffic laws. It argues that Iranians’ driving behaviour is an indicator of how they have historically related to each other and to their society at large, and how they have maintained a form of social order through law, culture and religion.
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9.
  • Banakar, Reza (författare)
  • Det offentliga samtalet om etnokulturella frågor
  • 1993
  • Ingår i: Häften för kritiska studier. - 0345-4789. ; :1-2, s. 81-96
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Det i Sverige dominerande perspektivet på etnokulturella frågor definierar invandrare och flyktingar i termer av ekonomiska problem och sociala motsättningar. Ansvaret för den systematiska begreppsförvirring och tilltagande kuturrasism som präglar det offentliga samtalet vilar tungt på ledande massmedier, politiker och s k invandrarforskare.
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10.
  • Banakar, Reza (författare)
  • Double-Thinking and Contradictory Arrangements in Iranian Law and Society
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Digest of Middle East Studies. - : Wiley. - 1949-3606 .- 1060-4367. ; 27:1, s. 6-33
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Although thinking double thoughts and living dual lives are not specifically Iranian traits, Iranians have, nevertheless, become more susceptible to them for historical reasons, which may be traced back to when Persians became Muslims. The gradual normalization of double‐thinking over the centuries has given rise to social and political patterns of behavior and institutional arrangements which oscillate between opposing regimes of truths and different sets of ethical concerns, often without merging them into a new process. Once double‐thinking is normalized at the level of society, it helps people to cope with the cognitive dissonance they experience in circumstances where it is difficult to change attitude and behavior. It also affects the organization of society by making contradictory arrangements appear normal. It promotes reflexive thinking and subversive action as much as it facilitates misrecognition of sociopolitical suppression and legitimization of symbolic violence. This state of affairs generates a form of modernity which appears, at least on the surface, to be comfortable with contradictory social arrangements, while deep down it remains ill at ease with its inner contradictions.
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