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- Mathew Martin, Poothullil John, 1965-
(författare)
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Web Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities : Evidence from India
- 2008
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Ingår i: Communicator. - New Delhi, India : Indian Institute of Mass Communication. - 0588-8093. ; XLIII:1, s. 28-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Websites are today the face of an organization, with Global reach. The Information and Technology (IT) Act 2000 of India, is entirely silent on the subject of web accessibility. However the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) guidelines of 2009, which has been ratified by Govt. of India, of which Article 9.2 (g) & (h) especially lays down that, states should facilitate access for Persons with disabilities (PWDs) to new information and communication technologies, especially the Internet. A study was undertaken on 3rd December 2009, to analyze the qualities of a website designed by Government Organizations (GOs) and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) working for PWDs in terms of Information & Dissemination, Accessibility, Design and Interactive participatory features. The main contribution of this study is to illuminate the features of websites used by GOs and NGOs working for PWDs in India and its accessibility.
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| 2. |
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Sprickor i fasaden
- 2018
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det råder på sina håll en oro och ett mörker i dagens Sverige. Några grupper ser en värld av kollapsande system och spruckna fasader, där folkvalda fattar beslut som utarmar människors trygghet och livsvillkor. Andra ser hur antide-mokratiska krafter, likt början av förra seklet, växer sig allt större och på sina håll ges legitimitet av världsledare. Somliga går så långt som att tala om en demokrati i kris, om obönhörligt växande sprickbildningar i samhällsbygget i spåren av vilka otrygghetens och rädslans landskap breder ut sig. Sprickor i fasaden knyter an till denna rådande debatt och föreställningar om samhällets tillstånd.Världen som vi en gång kände den tycks långsamt glida ur våra händer. Den välputsade fasaden spricker. Eller gör den det? Kanske skiftar samhällets palett i långt fler nyanser än mörkaste grått? Kanske spirar det rent av en värld med allt godare möjligheter för människor att leva och utvecklas? För i kontrast till bilden av samhällets rämnande grundvalar, kan också skymtas skiftningar i värdegrunden i riktning mot ökad tolerans, öppenhet och jämlikhet. Måhända är dessa skiftningar tecken på sprickor också i föreställningen om den spruck-na fasaden? Sprickor i fasaden är den 72:e forskarantologin från SOM-institutet och bygger på 2017 års nationella SOM-undersökning – den trettioandra i ordningen. Bokens innehåll knyter på många sätt an till frågan om sprickor i det svenska samhällsbygget. Flera kapitel belyser tilltagande polarisering och politisering inom (S)amhälle, (O)pinion och (M)edier. Samtidigt pekar resultaten i andra kapitel på en påtaglig stabilitet och förstärkt uppslutning kring centrala värde-ringar, samhällsfrågor och samhällsinstitutioner.Sprickor i fasaden är skriven av ett 30-tal forskare från olika discipliner vid universitet och högskolor i Sverige.
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| 3. |
- Gullström, Charlie
(författare)
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Presence Design : Mediated Spaces Extending Architecture
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is a contribution to design-led research and addresses a readership in the fields of architecture as well as in media and communications. In juxtaposing the tools of the designer (e.g. drafting, prototyping, visual/textual/spatial forms of montage) with those of architectural theory, this thesis seeks to extend the disciplinary boundaries of architecture by observing its assimilation of other media practices. Its primary contribution is to architectural design and theory, and its aims are twofold: Firstly, this thesis applies the concepts of virtual and mediated space to architecture, proposing an extended architectural practice that assimilates the concept of remote presence. Through realized design examples as well as through the history and theory of related concepts, the thesis explores what designing mediated spaces and designing for presence entails for the practicing architect. As a fusion of architecture and media technology, video-mediated spaces facilitate collaborative practices across spatial extensions while simultaneously fostering novel and environmentally sustainable modes of communication. The impact of presence design on workplace design is examined. As an extended practice also calls for an extended discourse, a preliminary conceptual toolbox is proposed. Concepts are adapted from related visual practices and tested on design prototypes, which arise from the author’s extensive experience in designing work and learning spaces. Secondly, this thesis outlines presence design as a transdisciplinary aesthetic practice and discusses the potential contribution of architects to a currently heterogeneous research field, which spans media space research, cognitive science, (tele)presence research, interaction design, ubiquitous computing, second-order cybernetics, and computer-supported collaborative work. In spite of such diversity, design and artistic practices are insufficiently represented in the field. This thesis argues that presence research and its discourse is characterised by sharp disciplinary boundaries and thereby identifies a conceptual gap: presence research typically fails to integrate aesthetic concepts that can be drawn from architecture and related visual practices. It is an important purpose of this thesis to synthesize such concepts into a coherent discourse. Finally, the thesis argues that remote presence through the proposed synthesis of architectural and technical design creates a significantly expanded potential for knowledge sharing across time and space, with potential to expand the practice and theory of architecture itself. The author’s design-led research shows that mediated spaces can provide sufficient audiovisual information about the remote space(s) and other person(s), allowing the subtleties of nonverbal communication to inform the interaction. Further, in designing for presence, certain spatial features have an effect on the user’s ability to experience a mediated spatial extension, which in turn, facilitates mediated presence. These spatial features play an important role in the process through which trust is negotiated, and hence has an impact on knowledge sharing. Mediated presence cannot be ensured by design, but by acknowledging the role of spatial design in mediated spaces, the presence designer can monitor and, in effect, seek to reduce the ‘friction’ that otherwise may inhibit the experience of mediated presence. The notion of ‘friction’ is borrowed from a context of knowledge sharing in collaborative work practices. My expanded use of the term ‘design friction’ is used to identify spatial design features which, unaddressed, may be said to impose friction and thus inhibit and impact negatively on the experience of presence. A conceptual tool-box for presence design is proposed, consisting of the following design concepts: mediated gaze, spatial montage, active spectatorship, mutual gaze, shared mediated space, offscreen space, lateral and peripheral awareness, framing and transparency. With their origins in related visual practices these emerge from the evolution of the concept of presence across a range of visual cultures, illuminating the centrality of presence design in design practice, be it in the construction of virtual pictorial space in Renaissance art or the generative design experiments of prototypical presence designers, such as Cedric Price, Gordon Pask and numerous researchers at MIT Media Lab, Stanford Institute and Xerox PARC.
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| 5. |
- Cano-Viktorsson, Carlos, 1977-
(författare)
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From Maps to Apps : Tracing the Organizational Responsiveness of an Early Multi-Modal Travel Planning Service
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Journal of urban technology. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1063-0732 .- 1466-1853. ; 22:4, s. 87-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An Internet-based system for informing on multimodal travel planning (several modes of transportation) was introduced in Stockholm, Sweden in October 2000 in the form of a web page called trafiken.nu. The web page has a historical value of being one of the first attempts in Europe, and possibly the world, at providing an ICT-based travel planning service geared towards facilitating sustainable travel to the general public. The aim of this article is to investigate the historical development of trafiken.nu in order to draw lessons on how to better provide for a public information service with a potential for facilitating sustainable travel planning. Findings from the study of trafiken.nu suggest that the organizations behind the service have been slow in adapting to shifting media technology practices on how to provide for information which has affected the uptake of the service. Lessons from the case study provide a basis for arguing that organizations attempting to implement public information services would benefit from finding a means of harnessing collective intelligence in order to provide for a more customizable and responsive service to the general public.
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| 6. |
- Westlund, Oscar, 1979
(författare)
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The adoption of mobile media by young adults in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: Mobile Media 2007. - 9781864878905
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A qualitative analysis of adoption and use of mobile media among young adults. Discusses the reasons to why people have not adopted mobile media. The article gives special attention to journalistic news for mobile devices.
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| 7. |
- Gustavsson, Per M., 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Machine Interpretable Representation of Commander's Intent
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 13th International Command and Control Research and Technology Symposium (13th ICCRTS).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Network-Centric approach envisioned in the Global Information Grid enables the interconnection of systems in a dynamic and flexible architecture to support multi-lateral, civilian and military missions. Constantly changing environments require commanders to plan for missions that allow organizations from various nations and agencies to join or separate from the teams performing the missions, depending on the situation, as missions unfold. The uncertainty within an actual mission, and the variety of potential organizations that support the mission after it is underway, makes Command Intent (CI) a critical concept for the mission team. With new and innovative information technologies, CI can now be made available to the team of organizations in a coalition environment. Using a flexible and linguistically based approach for representing CI allows Intent to be interpreted and processed by all participants – both humans and machines. CI representations need to be able to express mission team’s purpose, the anticipated End-State of the mission and desired key tasks. In this work, the expression of CI is developed to enable the structure and dynamics of collaboration support.
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| 8. |
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Theoretical Information Studies : Information In The World
- 2020
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the first attempt to delineate the synthetic field of the theoretical study of information, treating information as the basic phenomenon on the fundamental level of the world, encompassing nature, technology, individuals and society. The exploration of information is done within Info-computational approaches, to natural and social phenomena such as Bioinformatics, Information Physics, Informational Chemistry, Computational Physics, Cognitive and Social sciences, with special emphasis on interdisciplinary, crossdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge. The book presents results of collaboration across research fields within info-computational and info-structural frameworks, in attempt to better theoretically and conceptually capture the phenomenon of information and its dynamics (such as computation and communication), as they appear on different levels of organization, on different scales and in different contexts.
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| 9. |
- Gupta, Puneet Kumar, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehension of basic mathematics among children with hearing impairment using multimedia in accesible and non-accesible format a comparative study
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 IEEE 63rd Annual Conference International Council for Educational Media (ICEM). - : IEEE conference proceedings. ; , s. 1-11
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Teaching mathematics has been a complex issue for educators as well as learners. Same is the condition for the hearing impaired learners. Multimedia can be a big facilitator in order to render simpler and effective learning methods in the field of teaching mathematics to the hearing impaired students. The guidelines of United Nations Convention of Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD, 2007), makes provision for creation of information in accessible format.However there are no research studies to establish that teaching mathematics through the accessible format of multimedia would increase comprehension levels in children with hearing impairment. According to Mary Ellen Foster (2003) in her study on visual comprehension found that ‘Intuitively, one way of determining the usefulness of any presentation of data is by measuring the ease with which tasks involving that data can be performed using that presentation’.It may be noted that children with hearing impairment use visual techniques in their thought process, therefore accessible format of multimedia will enhance their comprehension levels. Accessible format includes techniques such as captioning, sign language and audio Description.This can be very helpful in processing information by hearing impaired children. The study investigated the effects of multimedia in accessible format, through the use of captioning and Indian sign language (ISL), on hearing impaired children. Hearing impaired viewers watched twice, the short multimedia with and without accessibility formats respectively. Their reactions were recorded on a questionnaire developed for the purpose of the study.Forty nine students participated in this study from two deaf schools of Mumbai,India. Analysis of the data showed that there was difference in the effects of accessible and non accessible formats of on the Hearing Impaired viewers.The study also showed that accessible formats increase the comprehension of the subject of the multimedia and use of ISL and captioning helped hearing impaired students to understand concepts better. The hearing impaired persons correlated watching the ISL interpreter with understanding the concept of the topic of multimedia. Placement of the ISL interpreter in the screen was also covered under the study.
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| 10. |
- Grünloh, Christiane, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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"why do they need to check me?" patient participation through ehealth and the doctor-patient relationship : Qualitative study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : J M I R Publications, Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Roles in the doctor-patient relationship are changing and patient participation in health care is increasingly emphasized. Electronic health (eHealth) services such as patient accessible electronic health records (PAEHRs) have been implemented to support patient participation. Little is known about practical use of PAEHR and its effect on roles of doctors and patients. Objective: This qualitative study aimed to investigate how physicians view the idea of patient participation, in particular in relation to the PAEHR system. Hereby, the paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of physicians' constructions of PAEHR, roles in the doctor-patient relationship, and levels and limits of involvement. Methods: A total of 12 semistructured interviews were conducted with physicians in different fields. Interviews were transcribed, translated, and a theoretically informed thematic analysis was performed. Results: Two important aspects were identified that are related to the doctor-patient relationship: roles and involvement. The physicians viewed their role as being the ones to take on the responsibility, determining treatment options, and to be someone who should be trusted. In relation to the patient's role, lack of skills (technical or regarding medical jargon), motives to read, and patients' characteristics were aspects identified in the interviews. Patients were often referred to as static entities disregarding their potential to develop skills and knowledge over time. Involvement captures aspects that support or hinder patients to take an active role in their care. Conclusions: Literature of at least two decades suggests an overall agreement that the paternalistic approach in health care is inappropriate, and a collaborative process with patients should be adopted. Although the physicians in this study stated that they, in principle, were in favor of patient participation, the analysis found little support in their descriptions of their daily practice that participation is actualized. As seen from the results, paternalistic practices are still present, even if professionals might not be aware of this. This can create a conflict between patients who strive to become more informed and their questions being interpreted as signs of critique and mistrust toward the physician. We thus believe that the full potential of PAEHRs is not reached yet and argue that the concept of patient empowerment is problematic as it triggers an interpretation of "power" in health care as a zero-sum, which is not helpful for the maintenance of the relationship between the actors. Patient involvement is often discussed merely in relation to decision making; however, this study emphasizes the need to include also sensemaking and learning activities. This would provide an alternative understanding of patients asking questions, not in terms of "monitoring the doctor" but to make sense of the situation.
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