1.
Grünloh, Christiane, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
"why do they need to check me?" patient participation through ehealth and the doctor-patient relationship : Qualitative study
2018
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : J M I R Publications, Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 20:1
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Roles in the doctor-patient relationship are changing and patient participation in health care is increasingly emphasized. Electronic health (eHealth) services such as patient accessible electronic health records (PAEHRs) have been implemented to support patient participation. Little is known about practical use of PAEHR and its effect on roles of doctors and patients. Objective: This qualitative study aimed to investigate how physicians view the idea of patient participation, in particular in relation to the PAEHR system. Hereby, the paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of physicians' constructions of PAEHR, roles in the doctor-patient relationship, and levels and limits of involvement. Methods: A total of 12 semistructured interviews were conducted with physicians in different fields. Interviews were transcribed, translated, and a theoretically informed thematic analysis was performed. Results: Two important aspects were identified that are related to the doctor-patient relationship: roles and involvement. The physicians viewed their role as being the ones to take on the responsibility, determining treatment options, and to be someone who should be trusted. In relation to the patient's role, lack of skills (technical or regarding medical jargon), motives to read, and patients' characteristics were aspects identified in the interviews. Patients were often referred to as static entities disregarding their potential to develop skills and knowledge over time. Involvement captures aspects that support or hinder patients to take an active role in their care. Conclusions: Literature of at least two decades suggests an overall agreement that the paternalistic approach in health care is inappropriate, and a collaborative process with patients should be adopted. Although the physicians in this study stated that they, in principle, were in favor of patient participation, the analysis found little support in their descriptions of their daily practice that participation is actualized. As seen from the results, paternalistic practices are still present, even if professionals might not be aware of this. This can create a conflict between patients who strive to become more informed and their questions being interpreted as signs of critique and mistrust toward the physician. We thus believe that the full potential of PAEHRs is not reached yet and argue that the concept of patient empowerment is problematic as it triggers an interpretation of "power" in health care as a zero-sum, which is not helpful for the maintenance of the relationship between the actors. Patient involvement is often discussed merely in relation to decision making; however, this study emphasizes the need to include also sensemaking and learning activities. This would provide an alternative understanding of patients asking questions, not in terms of "monitoring the doctor" but to make sense of the situation.
2.
Cano-Viktorsson, Carlos, 1977-
(författare)
From Vision to Transition : Exploring the Potential for Public Information Services to Facilitate Sustainable Urban Transport
2014
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
Background: Policy initiatives to promote sustainable travel through the use of Internet based public information systems have increased during the last decade. Stockholm, in being one of the first cities in Europe to implement an Internet based service for facilitating sustainable travel is believed to be a good candidate for an analysis of key issues for developing sustainable travel planning services to the public.Aim: This thesis investigates the past development of two Stockholm based public information systems and their services in order to draw lessons on how to better provide for a public information service geared towards facilitating environmentally sustainable travel planning through information and communications technology. The overall goal of the thesis is to contribute to an understanding on how to better design and manage current and future attempts at facilitating sustainable travel planning services based on historical case studies.Approach: The thesis draws ideas from the concept of organizational responsiveness – an organization’s ability to listen, understand and respond to demands put to it by its internal and external stakeholders – in order to depict how well or not the two public information systems and their owners have adapted to established norms and values of their surroundings.Results: Overall, the findings from the historical case studies suggest that organizations attempting to provide sustainable travel planning to the public need to design and manage their systems in such a way that it responds to shifting demands on how to provide for information. Implementing and embedding new technologies involves complex processes of change both at the micro level – for users and practitioners of the service – and at the meso level for the involved public service organizations themselves. This condition requires a contextualist framework to analyze and understand organizational, contextual and cultural issues involved in the adoption of new technologies and procedures.Conclusions: The thesis concludes with a discussion on how the findings from the historical case studies may provide lessons for both current and future attempts at providing public information systems geared towards facilitating environmentally sustainable travel planning to the public. Historical examples and issues concerning collective intelligence and peer to peer based forms of designing, producing and supervising public information services identified throughout the study are looked upon and discussed in terms of their possible role in increasing the potential for public information services to facilitate sustainable urban transport.
3.
Grünloh, Christiane, et al.
(författare)
Using Critical Incidents in Workshops to Inform eHealth Design
2017
Ingår i: Human-Computer Interaction - INTERACT 2017. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319677439 - 9783319677446 ; , s. 364-373
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat) abstract
Demands for technological solutions to address the variety of problems in healthcare have increased. The design of eHealth is challenging due to e.g. the complexity of the domain and the multitude of stakeholders involved. We describe a workshop method based on Critical Incidents that can be used to reflect on, and critically analyze, different experiences and practices in healthcare. We propose the workshop format, which was used during a conference and found very helpful by the participants to identify possible implications for eHealth design, that can be applied in future projects. This new format shows promise to evaluate eHealth designs, to learn from patients’ real stories and case studies through retrospective meta-analyses, and to inform design through joint reflection of understandings about users’ needs and issues for designers.
4.
Cano-Viktorsson, Carlos, 1977-
(författare)
From Maps to Apps : Tracing the Organizational Responsiveness of an Early Multi-Modal Travel Planning Service
2015
Ingår i: The Journal of urban technology. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1063-0732 .- 1466-1853. ; 22:4, s. 87-101
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
An Internet-based system for informing on multimodal travel planning (several modes of transportation) was introduced in Stockholm, Sweden in October 2000 in the form of a web page called trafiken.nu. The web page has a historical value of being one of the first attempts in Europe, and possibly the world, at providing an ICT-based travel planning service geared towards facilitating sustainable travel to the general public. The aim of this article is to investigate the historical development of trafiken.nu in order to draw lessons on how to better provide for a public information service with a potential for facilitating sustainable travel planning. Findings from the study of trafiken.nu suggest that the organizations behind the service have been slow in adapting to shifting media technology practices on how to provide for information which has affected the uptake of the service. Lessons from the case study provide a basis for arguing that organizations attempting to implement public information services would benefit from finding a means of harnessing collective intelligence in order to provide for a more customizable and responsive service to the general public.
5.
Aghaee, Naghmeh, et al.
(författare)
Interaction Gaps in PhD Education and ICT as a Way Forward: Results from a Study in Sweden
2016
Ingår i: International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. - : Athabasca University Press. - 1492-3831. ; 17:3, s. 360-383
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Many research studies have highlighted the low completion rate and slow progress in PhD education. Universities strive to improve throughput and quality in their PhD education programs. In this study, the perceived problems of PhD education are investigated from PhD students' points of view, and how an Information and Communication Technology Support System (ICTSS) may alleviate these problems. Data were collected through an online open questionnaire sent to the PhD students at the Department of (the institution's name has been removed during the double-blind review) with a 59% response rate. The results revealed a number of problems in the PhD education and highlighted how online technology can support PhD education and facilitate interaction and communication, affect the PhD students' satisfaction, and have positive impacts on PhD students' stress. A system was prototyped, in order to facilitate different types of online interaction through accessing a set of online and structured resources and specific communication channels. Although the number of informants was not large, the result of the study provided some rudimentary ideas that refer to interaction problems and how an online ICTSS may facilitate PhD education by providing distance and collaborative learning, and PhD students' self-managed communication.
6.
Fazey, Ioan, et al.
(författare)
Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there
2020
Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 70
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.
7.
Stenbom, Agnes, et al.
(författare)
Exploring Communicative AI : Reflections from a Swedish Newsroom
2021
Ingår i: Digital Journalism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-0811 .- 2167-082X. ; , s. 1-19
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
This article contributes to the emerging field of research on computational journalism with a practical illustration of an attempt to utilize Machine Learning to generate Search Engine Optimized headlines in a major Swedish newsroom. By using its technical results as a springboard for reflections among internal stakeholders, the experiment serves as a catalyzing innovation revealing deliberations on computational approaches in journalism in general and communicative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in specific. The study concludes with three ideas to support decision makers involved in evaluating potential use cases for communicative AI in journalism.
8.
Hrastinski, Stefan
(författare)
Dimensions of synchronous online education
2007
Ingår i: Principles of Effective Online Teaching. - Santa Rosa, California : Informing Science Press. - 193288601X ; , s. 105-119, s. 105-119
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
9.
Zdravkovic, Jelena, et al.
(författare)
Exploring REA and Open-edi Business Frameworks for Service Modeling
2010
Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - : CEUR. ; , s. 106-119
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
Contemporary business collaborations foster enterprises to make their offerings available to partners and consumers as e-services. In this setting, high-level enterprise models, such as business models, provide an economically aware perspective for elicitation of business services, and thereby, e-services. Recently, REA and Open-edi business frameworks have been jointly considered to provide the Open-edi Business Transaction Ontology (OeBTO) for exploring concepts, relationships and actors involved in business collaborations. In this study, we use these frameworks and supporting architectures to propose a service-centric business model. From a model-based development perspective, the model that we propose is intended to be transformed to a system-centric service model, and further to Web service specifications and coordinations. The purpose of this study is primarily aimed toward an explorative and business-founded identification of services. An example from the insurance business sector is used to argument the way we ground and apply our proposed method.
10.
Babapour Chafi, Maral, 1983, et al.
(författare)
Policies in Activity-based Flexible Offices -‘I am sloppy with clean-desking. We don’t really know the rules.’
2019
Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 62:1, s. 1-20
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Activity-based Flexible Offices (A-FOs) are offices with unassigned desks that provide a variety of workspaces. This paper presents desk-sharing and speech rules identified in A-FOs in four Swedish organisations, the emergence of and compliance with these rules, and their consequences for work conditions. Data collection involved 105 semi-structured interviews, document analyses, and observations. The identified rules were: (1) to remove belongings, (2) temporal restrictions on using the same workstations, (3) temporal restrictions on using scarce zones, (4) restrictions on verbal interactions, and (5) restrictions on phone conversations. The cases with extensive user involvement in their planning process had explicit unambiguous rules. A better compliance with rules occurred when (i) the employees were well-prepared and had a unified understanding regarding how and why to follow the rules, (ii) the rules were explicitly communicated and were regarded as easy to follow, and (iii) following the rules facilitated work and improved work conditions.
