1.
Bill, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
Litteratur om tillitsbegreppet
2014
Ingår i: DigiTrust: Tillit i det digitala. Tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv från ett forskningsprojekt. - 9789197989367 ; , s. 15-20
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.) abstract
Detta kapitel visar på hur forskning om tillit är spridd över en rad ämnesområden och forskardiscipliner, och tar upp några av de tydligaste områdena.
2.
Ledendal, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
Ett rättsligt perspektiv på övervakningstrenden: Datalagringsdirektivets underkännande
2014
Ingår i: DigiTrust: Tillit i det digitala. Tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv från ett forskningsprojekt. - 9789197989367 ; , s. 69-76
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.) abstract
Som ett av tre perspektiv i DigiTrust-projektet riktar detta kapitel in sig mot rättens roll i relation till tillit och det digitala. Kapitlet introducerar området och analyserar sedan det s.k. Datalagringsdirektivet i ljuset av att det i april 2014 underkändes av EU-domstolen, efter att ha implementerats i medlemsstaterna. Direktivet handlar i stort om att ålägga internetoperatörer en massiv lagring av data kring telefonsamtal, sms, e-postmeddelanden, internetuppkopplingar och mobilpositioner i 6–24 månader, i syfte att kunna bekämpa allvarlig brottslighet.
3.
Olsson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
Tillit i det digitala samhället – en kartläggning
2014
Ingår i: DigiTrust: Tillit i det digitala. Tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv från ett forskningsprojekt. - 9789197989367 ; , s. 21-40
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.) abstract
Det här kapitlet redovisar resultat från den enkätstudie om tillit i det digitala samhället som genomfördes i DigiTrustprojektet i januari, 2014. Den internetbaserade enkätstudien innehöll 1118 svenska respondenter med en jämn fördelning avseende kön och ålder. Enkäten omfattade ca 35 frågor som i huvudsak kunde sorteras under någon av följande fem kategorier: 1) Övervakning, 2) Bank 3) Hälsa, 4) Arbetsliv, och 5) Medier.
4.
Larsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
DigiTrust – Ett tvärvetenskapligt projekt
2014
Ingår i: DigiTrust: Tillit i det digitala. Tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv från ett forskningsprojekt. - 9789197989367 ; , s. 7-13
Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.) abstract
Detta är introduktionskapitet till rapporten "DigiTrust: Tillit i det digitala. Tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv från ett forskningsprojekt", där forskargruppsledarna beskriver grunderna för projektet.
5.
Palmås, Karl, 1976, et al.
(författare)
The liability of politicalness : Legitimacy and legality in piracy-proximate entrepreneurship
2014
Ingår i: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1476-1297 .- 1741-8054. ; 22:4, s. 408-425
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
This article explores three entrepreneurial ventures that have evolved in proximity to online piracy. In reviewing the respective cases of Spotify, Skype, and The Pirate Bay, the argument outlines the radically divergent strategies with which the entrepreneurs have sought to legitimise their ventures and underlying technologies. The article concludes that: 1) the context of practices labelled ‘pirate’ are paradigmatic examples of fields in which entrepreneurs must work exceptionally hard to legitimise themselves; 2) in this context, it is crucial that the role of law is analytically isolated from the role of institutionalised legitimacy; 3) success in legitimisation is largely dependent upon the entrepreneur’s ability to demonstrate that the venture is governed by ‘the natural order’ of the economy. It is further argued that piracy-proximate ventures may contribute to the entrepreneurship field, inasmuch as they teeter on the border of being considered too disruptive, and thus suffer from a ‘liability of politicalness’.
6.
Hirvonen, Noora, et al.
(författare)
Artificial intelligence in the information ecosystem: affordances for everyday information seeking
Ingår i: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. - 2330-1635. ; , s. 1-14
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
In this conceptual article, we argue that artificial intelligence (AI) systems are contributing to the generation of an environment of affordances for everyday information practices through which they exert influence on people and the planet in ways that often are left unrecognised. We illustrate our insights by focusing on the practices of information seeking in everyday life, suggesting that the affordances of AI systems integrated into search engines, social media platforms, streaming services, and media generation, shape such practices. This shaping may, paradoxically, result both in the increase and reduction of diversity of and access to information. We discuss the potential implications of these developments in terms of the sustainability of information ecosystems and suggest solutions for addressing them through regulation and education. Drawing from the fields of library and information science and science and technology studies and research on affordances, everyday information practices, and sustainability, the article seeks to respond to the need for more nuanced theoretical insights on the impact and implications of AI on information practices and to develop conceptual tools with which to examine the co-evolution of humans and information systems from a systemic perspective.
7.
8.
Haresamudram, Kashyap, et al.
(författare)
Three Levels of AI Transparency
2023
Ingår i: Computer. - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 1558-0814 .- 0018-9162. ; 56:2, s. 93-100
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Transparency is generally cited as a key consideration towards building Trustworthy AI. However, the concept of transparency is fragmented in AI research, often limited to transparency of the algorithm alone. While considerable attempts have been made to expand the scope beyond the algorithm, there has yet to be a holistic approach that includes not only the AI system, but also the user, and society at large. We propose that AI transparency operates on three levels, (1) Algorithmic Transparency, (2) Interaction Transparency, and (3) Social Transparency, all of which need to be considered to build trust in AI. We expand upon these levels using current research directions, and identify research gaps resulting from the conceptual fragmentation of AI transparency highlighted within the context of the three levels.
9.
Larsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
The Artificial Recruiter : Risks of Discrimination in Employers' Use of AI and Automated Decision-Making
2024
Ingår i: Social Inclusion. - : Cogitatio Press. - 2183-2803. ; 12
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Extant literature points to how the risk of discrimination is intrinsic to AI systems owing to the dependence on training data and the difficulty of post hoc algorithmic auditing. Transparency and auditability limitations are problematic both for companies' prevention efforts and for government oversight, both in terms of how artificial intelligence (AI) systems function and how large-scale digital platforms support recruitment processes. This article explores the risks and users' understandings of discrimination when using AI and automated decision-making (ADM) in worker recruitment. We rely on data in the form of 110 completed questionnaires with representatives from 10 of the 50 largest recruitment agencies in Sweden and representatives from 100 Swedish companies with more than 100 employees ("major employers"). In this study, we made use of an open definition of AI to accommodate differences in knowledge and opinion around how AI and ADM are understood by the respondents. The study shows a significant difference between direct and indirect AI and ADM use, which has implications for recruiters' awareness of the potential for bias or discrimination in recruitment. All of those surveyed made use of large digital platforms like Facebook and LinkedIn for their recruitment, leading to concerns around transparency and accountability-not least because most respondents did not explicitly consider this to be AI or ADM use. We discuss the implications of direct and indirect use in recruitment in Sweden, primarily in terms of transparency and the allocation of accountability for bias and discrimination during recruitment processes.
10.
Söderlund, Kasia, et al.
(författare)
Regulating high-reach AI : On transparencydirections in the Digital Services Act
2024
Ingår i: Internet Policy Review. - Berlin : Internet Policy Review, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society. - 2197-6775. ; 13:1
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
By introducing the concept of high-reach AI, this paper focuses on AI systems whose widespread use may generate significant risks for both individuals and societies. While some of those risks have been recognised under the AI Act, we analyse the rules laid down by the Digital Services Act (DSA) for recommender systems used by dominant social media platforms as a prominent example of high-reach AI. Specifically, we examine transparency provisions aimed at addressing adverse effects of these AI technologies employed by social media very large online platforms (VLOPs). Drawing from AI transparency literature, we analyse DSA transparency measures through the conceptual lens of horizontal and vertical transparency. Our analysis indicates that while the DSA incorporates transparency provisions in both dimensions, the most progressive amendments emerge within the vertical transparency, for instance, by the introduction of the systemic risk assessment mechanism. However, we argue that the true impact of the new transparency provisions extends beyond their mere existence, emphasising the critical role of oversight entities in implementation and application of the DSA. Overall, this study highlights the paramount importance of vertical transparency in providing a comprehensive understanding of the aggregated risks associated with high-reach AI technologies, exemplified by social media recommender systems.
