| 1. |
- Reuterskiöld, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Real World Applications of One-Session Treatment
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Intensive One-Session Treatment of Specific Phobias. - New York : Springer. - 9781461432524 ; , s. 127-141
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) using cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and specifically one-session treatment (OST) for the treatment of a broad spectrum of specific phobias have been conducted in both adult and child samples, and across countries. Furthermore, in clinical practice, OST has been extended to include even more unusual phobias such as fish, mushrooms, knees, and ET (the Extra-Terrestrial movie character) with equally good treatment effects overall. Despite these positive outcomes the dissemination of OST in the real world has not been as evident. There are several explanations for why clinicians might not choose OST for patients presenting with various specific phobias.
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| 2. |
- Öst, Lars-Göran
(författare)
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One-Session Treatment : Principles and Procedures with Adults
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Intensive One-Session Treatment of Specific Phobias. - New York, NY : Springer. - 9781461432524 ; , s. 59-95
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When I started research and clinical work with specific phobics in the mid 1970s, very little differentiation was made in the research literature between agoraphobia, social phobia, and specific phobia regarding the number of therapy sessions. Thus, I used eight 1-hour sessions in my early studies on specific phobias. After having worked with that format for about 5 years I started getting bored seeing the same patients week after week. I also began to question why behavior therapists should follow the same format as devised by psychodynamic short-term therapy (i.e. one session per week for 12–20 weeks).
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| 3. |
- Öst, Lars-Göran
(författare)
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Training Therapists in One-Session Treatment and Assessing Their Competence
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Intensive One-Session Treatment of Specific Phobias. - New York, NY : Springer. - 9781461432524 ; , s. 161-175
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is no formalized training for therapists to do one-session treatment (OST), at least not any which has been empirically evaluated. However, a description follows of the way the training for people aspiring to become a protocol therapist in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), or just wanting to work clinically with OST, has been arranged. The major part of this chapter consists of a detailed description of the different items included in the competence rating scale, and explanations of why the respective competencies are important for carrying out OST successfully. This means that the training should focus on providing therapists with adequate skills in the areas covered by the rating scale.
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement across physical and behavioural sciences
- 2011. - 1
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Ingår i: Measurement with persons. - New York and London : Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis Group. - 9781848729391 ; , s. 1-25
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Measurement in physical and behavioral sciences has had an interactive development. Helmholz pointed out the analogy between measuring and counting (the amount of “something”), a prerequisite for measurability. Campbell established measurability by providing a characteristic” for the empirical order relation, either by a physical addition operation (reference measurement scale) or by finding a physical law (measure as a function of other quantities); i.e. fundamental or derived quantities, respectively. Stevens contributed methods for the direct measurement of sensory events and the classification of measurement scales (nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio). Krantz, Roberts, Suppes, and Luce provided the representational theory of measurement, which feasibility has gained support for all kinds of measurement among physicists and engineers. Numbers obtained through measurement represent empirical relations. This holds true for fundamental physical measurements, but also for Stevens “weaker” scales. Through cooperation among members of BIPN, the international system of metrology is continuously revised and contributes significantly to the overall progress of science and technology, i.a. by agreeing on a common language in metrology by publishing an International Vocabulary. The International System of Unites (SI, formerly MKSA system) presents quantities with units and their interrelations as well as accepted physical laws.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Birgitta
(författare)
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Measurement in psychology
- 2011
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Ingår i: Measurement with persons. - New York and London : Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis Group. - 9781848729391 ; , s. 27-50
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In psychology, there are two main schools of metrology: psychophysics and psychometrics, which are grounded in physics and statistics, respectively. In both schools, reliable and valid measurement would require well-designed studies involving persons, that is, persons as measuring instruments or as objects for measuring their own characteristics e.g., personality or emotions. Originally, psychophysical experiments were set up to measure sensory perception and performance particularly malfunctions such as specific color blindness or hearing deficits. This would involve identification/recognition, discrimination and perceived intensity measured in physical quantities. At least three psychophysical ‘laws’ were established: that of Weber, Fechner and Stevens. Mathematics and statistics relevant to theory in decision-making were soon applied e.g., signal detection theory and choice theory. For intensive continua, the methods of quantification were divided into the direct and indirect scaling methods; the direct ones strived towards fundamental measurement, whereas the indirect ones were grounded in statistical theory. Because of cumbersome data collection, the indirect scaling methods are seldom applied outside the research laboratory. Direct scaling methods do fulfill requirements from comparability to calibration: absolute magnitude estimation, magnitude matching, constrained scaling, Borg’s category-ratio estimation, and Berglund’s master scaling. Several statistically base methods are applied in measuring complex psychological phenomena, such as descriptor profiling, cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling, individual differences scaling, and correspondence analysis.
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| 6. |
- Berntson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Employability and work-related health
- 2010
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Ingår i: The dynamics of organizations and healthy work. - Växjö : Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper. - 9789186491581
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- About the book: Increasing international interdependency has intensified the need for organizational changes and changes in employment conditions in the private sectors in Sweden. For a number of reasons, economic as well as political, even the public sector has changed. Large shares of its services have been transformed into private and semi-private forms of ownerships. Economic restrictions and new management ideologies after the early 1990’s have forced many private enterprises and public administrations to initiate organizational reforms. Some of these changes and their consequences for working conditions and health of the employees are described in the different chapters of this publication. The publication is the result of a number of research projects that were initiated at the Swedish National Institute for Working Life in the early 2000’s. The main idea behind these projects was to empirically as well as theoretically capture the dynamics of a rapidly changing working life. This means that a range of different aspects were studied from multidisciplinary perspectives. Studies of changes in how individuals’ working conditions and health had changed were related to organizational factors as well as to structural conditions. Although some of the chapters are focusing on the individual level, the work place level or the structural level, the ambition has been to integrate the different levels and to develop research designs and theories that allow such integration.The book is suitable for everyone interested in how Swedish working life has changed in later years, but it can also be used in undergraduate teaching on courses dealing with occupational health, working life and research design.
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| 7. |
- Berntson, Erik
(författare)
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Marknadsorienterade relationer i arbetslivet : om känslan av att vara anställningsbar
- 2011. - 1
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Ingår i: Arbetets marknad. - Malmö : Liber. - 9789147096671 ; , s. 150-169
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bokbeskrivning från förlaget Få saker i samhället engagerar oss så som arbete. Arbete är föremål för våra drömmar och visioner om framtiden när vi är unga. Arbete engagerar våra strävanden som vuxna. Det ger en plattform för gemenskap, såväl som möjlighet att forma vår identitet. Men arbete kan också vara något som stänger människor ute; från gemenskap och deltagande, och från att forma sin egen framtid. Den här boken är ett resultat av flera års forskning om de förändringar som har format arbetsmarknaden och som fortfarande pågår. Den beskriver hur arbetsmarknaden blivit just en marknad och lyfter fram centrala tendenser i denna omvandling. Såväl den som söker arbete som den som har ett arbete står inför nya utmaningar: • Hur gör jag mig anställningsbar? • Vilka förväntningar och krav ställs på mig som arbetssökande? • Hur är förmedlingen av arbete organiserad idag? Arbetsmarknadspolitiken kan få oförutsedda effekter på den enskilda människans liv. Vi måste granska, diskutera och ifrågasätta vad varje politisk inriktning och dess verktyg innebär. Den här boken ger underlag och inspiration för en sådan diskussion. Arbetets marknad vänder sig till studerande inom följande områden: arbetsvetenskap, personaladministration, samhällsvetenskapliga ämnen och socionomutbildningen. Den lämpar sig också för verksamma inom arbetsmarknads- och arbetslivsområdet och för politiker.
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| 8. |
- Jansson, Gunnar, 1932-, et al.
(författare)
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Haptic interaction.
- 2009
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Ingår i: The. - Boca Raton, London, New York : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group. ; , s. 33-1-33-15
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
- Takšić, Vladimir, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural studies of trait emotional intelligence using the Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire
- 2018
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Ingår i: Emotional intelligence. - New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc.. - 9781536133257 ; , s. 29-64
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When translating and adapting psychological measures in different countries, besides the problem of language translations, there are several other problems a researcher has to be aware of, since there are some common methodological problems that all cross-cultural studies share. The Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire (ESCQ; Takšić, 1998) was developed in Croatian settings using the theoretical framework from the Mayer and Salovey emotional intelligence model (Mayer & Salovey, 1997). The ESCQ consists of 45 items, divided into three subscales which measure: the ability to Perceive and Understand emotions, the ability to Express and Label emotions, and the ability to Manage and Regulate emotions. The ESCQ is used in a large number of studies and has showed satisfying psychometric characteristics. It was translated and validated in several countries (Avsec, Takšić & Mohorić, 2009; Faria at al., 2006; Costa & Faria, 2016). In different cross-cultural studies, the ESCQ was applied to a large sample of university students, confirming the three-factor [BM1] structure. The question of cultural impact on the items in the ESCQ was examined by Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analyses. In the chapter, common cross-cultural methodology and statistical procedures performed on ESCQ data in various countries will be compared and discussed.
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| 10. |
- af Klinteberg, Britt
(författare)
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Tidiga problembeteenden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Narkotikan i Sverige - Metoder för förebyggande arbete. - Östersund : Statens Folkhälsoinstitut. - 9789172575738 ; , s. 107-117
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Huvudpunkter i detta kapitel:• Impulsivitet är ett karaktärsdrag hos individer med ohämmat beteende, till exempel alkoholberoende, självmordsbenägenhet, hyperaktivitet och psykopatiska tendenser.• Hyperaktivt beteende, tidig impulsivitet och antisocialt beteende sammanfaller i stort med sårbarhetsindikatorer som man funnit i studier av antisocial personlighetsstörning (APD).• Psykopati och andra personlighetsstörningar, särskilt APD, har en hög frekvens av samtidigt missbruk.• Beteendeproblem och våld har visat sig starkt kopplat till riskbruk hos både pojkar och flickor.• Det finns ett väl etablerat samband mellan utagerande impulsiva och aggressiva handlingar och svagheter i serotoninmetabolismen i centrala nervsystemet (CNS).• Biologiska markörer utforskas i relation till olika beteendeproblem och personlighetsdrag för att dessa i sin tur ska kunna bli fokus i utformandet av effektiva och tidiga interventionsprogram.• Hela beroendekarriären ses som en dynamisk process över tid som därigenom också behöver utforskas longitudinellt.• Impulsivitet och andra psykopatirelaterade personlighetsdrag har betydelse för individens benägenhet att utveckla drogmissbruk.
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