| 1. |
- Jagers, Sverker, et al.
(författare)
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Testing the Importance of Individuals’ Motives for Explaining Environmentally Significant Behavior
- 2017
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Ingår i: Social Science Quarterly. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0038-4941 .- 1540-6237. ; 98:2, s. 644-658
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThis article explores how different motives affect behavior, and attempts to explain how the causal chain of values and beliefs forms our understanding of and motives for private-sphere environmentally significant behaviors (ESBs). As a point of departure, we postulate that traditional models focusing primarily on individual-level motivation as a driver for ESB should benefit significantly from making a distinction in the dependent variable between: (1) behaviors that are explicitly pro-environmental, judging both by their outcomes and the individual's stated motives for undertaking them; (2) behaviors that have a positive environmental impact but that are connected to motives other than environmental ones; as well as (3) behaviors where both environmental and other motives coincide as drivers for ESB.MethodsIn order to answer our research questions, we use survey data collected from a random sample from the Swedish population register. The main dependent variable is the self-reported frequency of 12 different kinds of nonactivist, private-sphere behaviors. We employ ordinary least square regressions to analyze the explanatory strength of individual-level motivational factors for ESB when taking stated motives for behavior into account.Results and ConclusionThe results support our main assumption that to explain drivers for ESB, stated motives should be taken into account. For all of the 12 ESBs in the survey, a considerable share of the respondents do not perceive or motivate behavior as pro-environmentalism at all, and others provide multiple motives for their behavior, combining, for example, economic or health with environmentalism. Furthermore, when analyzing the relationship between a scientifically well-established model aspiring to explain pro-environmental behavior, and individuals’ behavioral perceptions and their stated behavior, we find that the explanatory power of this model is clearly sensitive to people's stated motives.
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| 2. |
- Jagers, Sverker C., et al.
(författare)
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On how to make the theoretical concept of ecological citizenship empirically operational
- 2009
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Ingår i: Papers from Uppsala Forum Workshop: Climate Change Policy after Copenhagen- Politics, Policy and Ethics, Uppsala University, September 28, 2009. ; , s. 1-15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the discourses of ecological sustainability point towards the active involvement of individuals in the environmental work as an important prerequisite for targeting the sources of environmental degradation, one of the main foci for contemporary environmental policy and political theory is the need for comprehensive individual lifestyle-changes. Within political theory an Ecological Citizenship, reinterpreting the traditional state/individual relationship by straddling the private - public; national - global; and present - future divides, has been suggested a valuable approach to realising a personal responsibility for the environment. Empirical research analysing the prospects for ecological citizenship to function as a route towards individual environmental responsibility is, however, to date lacking in the literature. In this paper we elaborate on how the theory of ecological citizenship can be made empirically operational.
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| 3. |
- Jagers, Sverker, et al.
(författare)
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The Environmental Psychology of the Ecological Citizen : Comparing Competing Models of Pro-Environmental Behavior
- 2016
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Ingår i: Social Science Quarterly. - : Wiley. - 0038-4941 .- 1540-6237. ; 97:5, s. 1005-1022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThe overall objective of this article is to contribute to the identification of underlying factors causing individuals’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB).MethodsThis is done by the amalgamation of an empirically-derived theory originating in the behavioral science research—the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory (e.g., Stern et al., 1999)—and a rather recently developed theory in political science—the ecological citizenship (EC) model (e.g., Dobson, 2003). Using survey data, this article empirically tests the explanatory power of these two theories, both separately and as a joint model.
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| 4. |
- Povitkina, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Why are carbon taxes unfair? Disentangling public perceptions of fairness
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Environmental Change. - : Elsevier. - 0959-3780 .- 1872-9495. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to reach climate goals, governments need to gain support from their voters for the necessary policy interventions, such as carbon dioxide taxes. Previous research concludes that people often do not support and legitimize such taxes because they perceive them as unfair. However, the notion of fairness implies a multitude of factors and despite attempts of the previous research to further nuance people’s fairness perceptions, we currently lack a more precise understanding of what people mean when they regard carbon taxes as unfair. In this article, we thoroughly investigate this problem by using original survey data from YouGov collected in the United States in 2018 and analyzing open-ended survey responses on why people think carbon taxes are unfair. Applying structural topic modeling, we unpack the multi-dimensional meaning of unfairness, as perceived by the US population. The results from our analysis show that people regard carbon taxes based on gas pricing as unfair because they perceive gas prices already being high, because of the need to drive, unfairness for the poor or rural population, lack of trust in government, or considerations that the purpose of the tax is unjustified. These findings help provide a more nuanced policy design to address fairness concerns related to carbon taxes.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Ovisshetens tid – inledningskapitel
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ovisshetens tid. - Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet. - 9789189673540 ; , s. 11-24
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vi befinner oss i ovisshetens tid. Säkerhetsläget i omvärlden är påtagligt försämrat. Det rasar ett krig i Europas östligaste delar. Ingen vet hur länge det kommer att pågå, om fler länder kommer att drabbas eller hur omfattande förlusterna kommer att bli. Kriget pågår här och nu. Men det påverkar generationer framöver. Ovisshet och oro kring vårt eget lands säkerhet har bidragit till ett paradigmskifte där tvåhundra års alliansfrihet brutits i samband med att Sverige ansökte om medlemskap i Nato. När det svenska inträdet kommer att ske är oklart. Det har sagts att ovisshet ofta härstammar från en känsla av förvåning, och förvåning är nog en adekvat beskrivning av reaktionerna på Turkiets, och senare även Ungerns, rävspel kring ratificeringen av Sveriges ansökan. När känslan av förvåning hunnit pågå under en tid övergår den ofta i ovisshet. Och det är ungefär där vi står nu. I detta inledande kapitel riktar vi blicken mot hur den svenska befolkningen upplever utvecklingen i Sverige, både generellt och med avseende på den ekono- miska situationen. Allmänhetens oro för ekonomisk kris, ett nytt världskrig och inskränkningar i yttrandefriheten granskas, likaså i vilken mån och i vilka situationer det möjligen skulle vara befogat att begränsa det fria ordet. I kapitlet analyseras också förtroendet för våra politiska institutioner och för våra politiker; det senare med utgångspunkt i hur uppskattade olika partiledare är.
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| 6. |
- Hansla, André, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Explaining voting behavior in the Gothenburg congestion tax referendum
- 2017
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Ingår i: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 53, s. 98-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2016 Elsevier LtdThe Gothenburg congestion tax was introduced in 2013 and later subjected to a consultative referendum where the citizens, despite getting first-hand experience with the scheme, rejected it. This article explains voting behavior in the referendum using both self-expressed motives and five nested models to test various explanations suggested in previous research. Drawing on an extensive longitudinal study, we conclude first that although a majority voted against the tax in the referendum, attitudinal preferences have become more positive since its introduction – supporting previous findings and hypothesis of familiarity effects. Second, we present a model for voting behavior that explains significant portions of the variance, concluding that it is not the outcomes of the charges that are important, but rather if the charges are in line with basic values, if the uses of the revenues (in this case, infrastructure investments) are supported, and if the institutions and processes introducing the charges are perceived as legitimate, trustworthy, and responsive. The article ends with general policy recommendations on the basis of these findings.
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| 7. |
- Jagers, Sverker C., 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Ecological citizenship: a driver of pro-environmental behaviour?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environmental Politics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0964-4016 .- 1743-8934. ; 23:3, s. 434-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In theory, ecological citizenship (EC) has been suggested as a driver of individual pro-environmental behaviour (PEB), providing a more stable foundation for lifestyle changes than reliance on external policy tools. The relevance of EC for explaining PEB is tested by applying data from a Swedish survey designed to capture various aspects of EC. A significant proportion of Swedes fulfil the values-based requirements of ecological citizenship, as outlined in EC-theory. Furthermore, individuals who think along the lines of EC are more likely than others to behave in an environmentally friendly manner in their day-to-day activities. Certain aspects of EC are more important for PEB than others, which implies the need for further theoretical development of EC theory.
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| 8. |
- Jagers, Sverker C., 1967, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of compensatory measures on public support for carbon taxation: an experimental study in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Climate Policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1469-3062 .- 1752-7457. ; 19:2, s. 147-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims at better understanding how, and to what extent, perceptions of a policy instrument's distributional effects impact on policy support, focusing on the case of CO2 taxes on petrol in Sweden. Through a large-scale (N = 5000) randomized survey experiment with a 2 x 3 factorial design, the extent to which perceptions of fairness determine attitudes to a suggested increase of the Swedish CO2 tax is explored. Furthermore, the study considers whether these effects change with the level of the suggested tax increase, as well as whether negative sentiments can be alleviated by combining it with a compensatory measure in the shape of a simultaneous income tax cut financed by the revenues from the tax increase. The results show that a higher tax increase is both viewed as more unfair and enjoys weaker support. Furthermore, compensatory measures can be a powerful policy design tool to increase perceptions of the policy as fair, but the effect of compensation on policy support is conditioned by the individual's left-right ideological position. Whereas people self-identifying to the right react favourably to compensatory measures, people self-identifying to the left become less supportive of a tax increase when combined with a simultaneous cut in income taxes. Key policy insights Perceptions of fairness are highly important for explaining public support for climate policy tools, specifically CO2 taxes. Compensatory measures can be a powerful policy design tool to increase perceptions of the policy as less unfair. However, the effect of compensatory measures on policy support is conditioned by ideological position, and only successful among people to the ideological right. In contexts dominated by right-wing ideals, a combination of a tax and a compensatory scheme may be a successful route forward towards increased climate policy support. In left-oriented contexts the results imply that a CO2 tax without compensation seems more likely to increase support.
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| 9. |
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Ovisshetens tid. Den nationella SOM-undersökningen 2022
- 2023
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vi befinner oss i en ovisshetens tid. Säkerhetsläget i omvärlden har försämrats. Det rasar ett krig i Europas östligaste delar. Oron för nationens säkerhet har fått svenska politiker att bryta en tvåhundraårig tradition av alliansfrihet. Parallellt har energi- och matpriser rusat, boräntor höjts och inflationen stigit till den högsta nivån på trettio år. Det har väckt osäkerhet om den svenska ekonomins styrka och oro för den egna plånboken. Nationellt slogs rekord i dödligt skjutvapenvåld, med allt yngre gärningspersoner. Samhällets insatser tycks ständigt ligga steget efter och det råder oenighet om vilka de rätta insatserna är. I samband med 2022 års valrörelser fick frågan om kärnkraftens bevarande ny energi. Efter valet deklarerade den nytillträdda regeringen en ny riktning för svensk migrationspolitik. Ovisshet föder osäkerhet och oro. Samtidigt kan ovissheten leda till beslutsamhet när gamla sanningar ses i ett nytt ljus. Ovissheten har många nyanser. Ovisshetens tid är SOM-institutets 82:a forskarantologi. Utifrån 2022 års nationella SOM-undersökning – nummer 37 i ordningen – analyserar forskare från olika discipliner vid svenska universitet och högskolor de senaste årens samhällsutveckling. Bokens innehåll berör på många sätt den ovisshet som präglar Sverige inom områden som rör (S)amhället, (O)pinion och (M)edier.
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| 10. |
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