| 1. |
- Avery, Helen, et al.
(författare)
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From policy to practice : Roma education in Albania and Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Urban review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0042-0972 .- 1573-1960. ; 49:3, s. 463-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to make a contribution to recentering practice- and practitioner-oriented issues in Roma education studies. Gaps can be observed today between conditions of educational work in practice and the ways education is understood in mainstream academic discussions, compounded by the fact that educational workers in the field have limited access to academic environments. Also, as a subject dealing with minorities, education for Roma and Roma communities tends to occupy a marginal position in academic departments of Education. Inversely, in Roma studies, focus often lies on culture or history, and education is mainly considered through the lens of identity. This means that many important experiences in Roma educational work remain silent, and significant aspects of practices are not sufficiently shared across contexts. In this paper, experiences from education projects in Albania and Sweden are presented and considered against the background of Roma education policies in these countries generally. An analysis is made of the ways these projects directly or indirectly connect to local academic structures. Finally, suggestions are made of potential strategies for developing practice- and practitioner-driven research in this area, to make relevant experiences more accessible across linguistic and national borders.
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| 2. |
- Gummesson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for undergraduate medical education : development and exploration of social validity
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6920. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The development of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) as a framework for work-based training and assessment in undergraduate medical education has become popular. EPAs are defined as units of a professional activity requiring adequate knowledge, skills, and attitudes, with a recognized output of professional labor, independently executable within a time frame, observable and measurable in its process and outcome, and reflecting one or more competencies. Before a new framework is implemented in a specific context, it is valuable to explore social validity, that is, the acceptability by relevant stakeholders.Aim: The aim of our work was to define Core EPAs for undergraduate medical education and further explore the social validity of the constructs.Method and material: In a nationwide collaboration, EPAs were developed using a modified Delphi procedure and validated according to EQual by a group consisting of teachers nominated from each of the seven Swedish medical schools, two student representatives, and an educational developer (n = 16). In the next step, social validity was explored in a nationwide survey. The survey introduced the suggested EPAs. For each EPA, the importance of the EPA was rated, as was the rater’s perception of the present graduates’ required level of supervision when performing the activity. Free-text comments were also included and analyzed.Results: Ten Core EPAs were defined and validated. The validation scores for EQual ranged from 4.1 to 4.9. The nationwide survey had 473 responders. All activities were rated as “important” by most responders, ranging from 54 to 96%. When asked how independent current graduates were in performing the ten activities, 6 to 35% reported “independent”. The three themes of the free text comments were: ‘relevant target areas and content’; ‘definition of the activities’; and ‘clinical practice and learning’.Conclusion: Ten Core EPAs were defined and assessed as relevant for Swedish undergraduate medical education. There was a consistent gap between the perceived importance and the certainty that the students could perform these professional activities independently at the time of graduation. These results indicate that the ten EPAs may have a role in undergraduate education by creating clarity for all stakeholders.
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| 3. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of integration of sustainable development in higher education in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1467-6370 .- 1758-6739. ; 21:4, s. 685-698
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Since 2006, higher education institutions (HEIs) in Sweden, should according to the Higher Education Act, promote sustainable development (SD). In 2016, the Swedish Government asked the Swedish higher education authority to evaluate how this study is proceeding. The authority chose to focus on education. This paper aims to produce a report on this evaluation. Design/methodology/approach All 47 HEIs in Sweden were asked to write a self-evaluation report based on certain evaluation criteria. A panel was appointed consisting of academics and representatives for students and working life. The panel wrote an evaluation of each HEI, a report on general findings and recommendations, and gave an overall judgement of each HEI in two classes as follows: the HEI has well-developed processes for integration of SD in education or the HEI needs to develop their processes. Findings Overall, a mixed picture developed. Most HEIs could give examples of programmes or courses where SD was integrated. However, less than half of the HEIs had overarching goals for integration of SD in education or had a systematic follow-up of these goals. Even fewer worked specifically with pedagogy and didactics, teaching and learning methods and environments, sustainability competences or other characters of education for SD. Overall, only 12 out of 47 got a higher judgement. Originality/value This is a unique study in which all HEIs in a country are evaluated. This provides unique possibilities for identifying success factors and barriers. The importance of the leadership of the HEIs became clear.
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| 4. |
- Lilja Andersson, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Nursing students' experiences of assessment by the Swedish National Clinical Final Examination
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - : CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 33:5, s. 536-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish National Clinical Final Examination (NCFE) was established in 2007 in order to examine nursing students' clinical competence upon completing their Bachelor's degree in nursing. The NCFE constitutes an innovative method of examination, divided into two parts: a written and bedside test. The aim of this study was to evaluate nursing students' experiences of being assessed by means of the NCFE, in order to obtain information that could be used to improve the examination. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire with open-ended questions concerning the written and the bedside part of the NCFE. The answers from 577 third-year nursing students were analysed using content analysis. The nursing students regarded the NCFE as promoting further learning and as an important means of quality assurance. Its comprehensive nature was perceived to tie the education together and contributed to the students' awareness of their own clinical competence. The strengths of the NCFE especially highlighted were its high degree of objectivity and the fact that it took place in a natural setting. However, the students felt that the NCFE did not cover the entire nursing programme and that it caused stress. It thus appears to be important to reconsider the written theoretical part of the examination and to standardise the bedside part. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Petersson-Bloom, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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The Use of Professional Development to Enhance Education of Students with Autism : A Systematic Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Education Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-7102. ; 13:9, s. 1-13
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study objective in this article was to present the state-of-the-art on teachers’ professional development to enhance educational quality for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in primary and secondary education. A systematic review was conducted, following the PRISMA guidelines. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies were eligible for inclusion. Fifteen studies were identified and summarized. To identify the eligibility criteria, we applied the SPIDER framework. Quality appraisal was applied using the MMAT. A thematic summary and narrative synthesis of the included studies was conducted to establish a comprehensive understanding of what makes a difference in preparation for teachers of autistic students. Two key factors were found regarding the design of professional development for teachers to enhance their skills to teach autistic students. Firstly, teachers’ developed autism-specific knowledge, and secondly, the need for practice-based training with a focus on the challenges teachers meet at their own schools. Multiple ways of addressing teachers’ need for professional development regarding autistic students may further contribute to inclusive values and actions.
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| 6. |
- Plantin Ewe, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Teachers’ relational competence : perceptions of teachers and students with and without ADHD and ASD
- 2023
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Ingår i: Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1363-2752 .- 1741-2692. ; 28:2-3, s. 198-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined whether teachers’ professional development of their relational competence with students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) modifies teachers’ and students’ perceptions of their teacher-student relationships (TSR). Participants comprised teachers (n = 33) and students (n = 232) from two elementary schools: one intervention school (InS) and one control school (CoS). InS teachers reported significant TSR improvements, regardless of student group or gender (p =.03). Among InS students, significant results were driven by female neurodiverse (ND) students and neurotypical (NT) male students (p =.03). Nevertheless, positive effects were solely observed among ND female students, while NT male students, conversely, reported decreased TSR during follow-up tests. No significant effects were found at the CoS irrespective of teacher or student ratings. The findings suggest that enhancing teachers’ understanding of relational competence concerning ND students will not only improve their own perceptions of their TSR but also those of ND female students. Nonetheless, directing teachers’ focus towards one student group (ND students) risks diminishing teachers’ attention towards other student groups, potentially explaining the poorer follow-up results among NT boys. The finding warrants further investigation, as it indicates a challenge for teachers to establish sufficient relational engagement with all students.
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| 7. |
- Selghed, Bengt
(författare)
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Ännu icke godkänt. Lärares sätt att erfara betygssystemet och dess tillämpning i yrkesutövningen.
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis reports results from a study that focuses on how teachers experience the criterion-referenced grading system and how they say they use it in their professional work. The empirical study was carried out as semi-structured audiotaped interviews with thirty qualified teachers, in the subjects English, Maths and Swedish. The outcome of the qualitative analysis consists of four parts. In the first, the theme analysed was teachers' ways of experiencing the grading system as a phenomenon. This theme has an phenomenographic approach. The results are described in four hierarchically arranged categories. In the second theme, teachers' ways of using the grading system in their professional work was examined. Six situations were identified. In the third theme, teachers' experience of what aspects they discern in the student's grade, was in focus. Even here six categories were established. Finally, four different examples of attitudes towards the grading system and the grading process are presented as a fictional composite. The results show that the new criterion-referenced grading system in secondary schools in Sweden seems to funciton unsatisfactorily. Teachers seem not to have grasped the assumptions underlying the grading system. The change from grading based on quantitative aspects of knowledge to qualitative ones, was evidently too big a step. Instead teachers' assessment and grading follow ingrained habits.
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| 8. |
- Ödalen, Jörgen, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching university teachers to become better teachers: the effects of pedagogical training courses at six Swedish universities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Higher Education Research and Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0729-4360 .- 1469-8366. ; 38:2, s. 339-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Do pedagogical training courses for university teachers have desirable effects on the participants? We set out to answer this question by following a panel of 183 university teachers from Sweden’s six largest universities, who participated in pedagogical training courses. Our study reveals that the participants’ self-reported confidence in their role as teachers increased slightly, and their self-assessed pedagogical skills increased notably after they had finished their courses. Even though the courses were rather short, we could also observe some changes in fundamental approaches to teaching in some of the subgroups of respondents, both toward more student-centeredness and, perplexingly, toward more teacher-centeredness. Additionally, most respondents (7 out of 10) found the courses useful or very useful. Course satisfaction was most notable among participants with less than three years of teaching experience. Considering the fact that we find the positive effects of pedagogical training courses to be present mainly in the group of participants with less than three years of teaching experience, we discuss whether a policy of making these courses mandatory for all university teachers implies an overestimation of their impact.
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| 9. |
- Enö, Mariann
(författare)
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Att våga flyga: Ett deltagarorienterat projekt om samtalets potential och förskolepersonals konstruktion av det professionella subjektet.
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A major aim initially was to create a forum for reflective dialogue on the preschool professions and how it is experienced on a daily basis, so as to be able to investigate how members of the preschool staff construct their professional subject. The following are major questions that were posed: How do preschool staff members talk about themselves, their profession and their work? In what way does reflective discussion contribute to the construction of a professional subject? The basic method adopted was that of participatory research. The specific methods employed included those of thematically structured depth interviews, dialogue conferences and a research circle. Participants were found to construct the subject matter of their profession in part on the basis of their working-class and lower middle-class background. The fact that they were women working in a profession dominated by women also influenced their conception of themselves as professionals. There was a more or less hidden professional hierarchy within the preschool concerning preschool teachers versus child minders. The discussions dealt in particular with pedagogical matters, childcare, professionalism and individuality. Participants showed their acceptance of various norms and values readily associated with subordination. The duality of their situation became evident when they discussed such matters as caring for children and teaching, as well as their simply performing their duties versus having a sense of achievement. It became evident how their location between the public and the private spheres influences preschool staffs? construction of the subject matter of their profession. There was also an obvious duality between their professional position and the position of others when they viewed themselves in relation to colleagues, children, parents and the school system generally. Although they regarded themselves as authorities in certain contexts, in other situations they identified themselves with groups they considered to be in a subordinate position. It was from this latter perspective that they tended to criticize prevailing norms, public authorities and the educational system. The project revealed a clear potential for change and emancipation and the importance of hope and of creating meaning. The discussions appeared to contribute to the development of new and differing perspectives of participants regarding their professional and private identities. In addition, they overcame polarization and the adherence to inflexible positions, as well as to develop and apply knowledge of various types. A demystification of power structures and an increased insight into pedagogical processes and the capabilities of the individual could also be noted.
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| 10. |
- Korp, Helena
(författare)
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Lika chanser i gymnaiset? En studie om betyg, nationella prov och social reproduktion
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general confidence in equal opportunity and equivalent grades are crucial to the moral justification of the social stratification in the modern society, in which meritocracy holds a hegemonic status. In Sweden, a political aim has been that everybody should get upper secondary education, and the government has established a National Agency for Education to promote and control the quality in education and grading. The national assessments are devised by the National Agency of Education for supporting equivalence in grading across regions, schools and programmes. The thesis is based on an investigation, initiated by the National Agency for Education, of the national assessments as means for equivalent grading of upper secondary students in different programmes and schools. The investigation was motivated by the fact that statistics had indicated that the national assessments were used differently in different programmes and schools, and were considered to a different degree in the grading of students. It is based on interviews with teachers, students and principals in four upper secondary schools and four programmes, two theoretical programmes and two vocational. The sample included schools of different size, range of programmes and results. It included schools in cities as well as in rural areas. The results of the investigation demonstrated a great variation between programmes and schools concerning the quality and mode of instruction in the core courses and in instructional materials and tasks. It also displayed significant differences in how the students were prepared for the national assessments, in the test-taking conditions, in how achievements were judged and in how the teachers made use of the test results in the grading of the students. Moreover, the items of the assessments corresponded unequally to the taught curriculum in the respective programmes and to the interests and out-of-school experiences of students with diverse backgrounds. The thesis thus show severe problems in the realisation of the political intentions to equalise educational opportunity and to make grading equivalent between schools and programmes.
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