| 1. |
- Ask, Karl, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Eliciting human intelligence: The effects of social exclusion and inclusion on information disclosure
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling. - : Wiley. - 1544-4759 .- 1544-4767. ; 16:1, s. 3-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eliciting information from semicooperative sources presents a major challenge in investigative and intelligence settings. This research examines the role of the human need to belong in individuals' willingness to disclose critical information. We hypothesised that social exclusion would exert a threat to individuals' need to belong and self‐esteem, which would make them strive for social reconnection through sharing information with others. In two experiments (N = 150 and N = 135), social exclusion and inclusion were manipulated before participants were given the opportunity to disclose critical information in a semicooperative game setting (Study 1) or a mock intelligence interview (Study 2). Social exclusion did not influence information disclosure in any of the experiments. Instead, however, social inclusion unexpectedly increased information disclosure in the interview setting. We conclude that prior social experiences can influence the outcome of subsequent interviews, but the precise mechanisms underlying such influence are currently unknown.
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| 2. |
- Roos Af Hjelmsäter, Emma, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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The Self-Administered Interview: a means of improving children's eyewitness performance?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Psychology Crime & Law. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1068-316X .- 1477-2744. ; 18:10, s. 897-911
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to obtain the most informative and correct statements, witnesses should be heard as soon as possible after the incident. However, this is not always possible. This experimental study investigated whether completing a Self-Administered Interview form (SAI) immediately after a critical event could enhance children's witness performance at a later stage. Children (N = 194, age 11 - 12) reported their memory of an event in a structured SAI, an open SAI, or did not report their memory (control). Two weeks later, the children were interviewed about the event. Before the interview, half of the children were subjected to social influence from a co-witness. Children's free recall of the event was enhanced by the SAI. More precisely, children in the SAI-Structured condition reported more details about the event than children in the SAI-Open condition and the control condition, without a loss of accuracy. The SAI manipulation did not, however, reduce children's vulnerability to social influence. The results suggest that the use of a SAI might prove a simple and yet effective way of increasing the quality of statements from child witnesses in some situations.
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| 5. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964
(författare)
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Deception detection: discriminating between true and false intentions
- 2010
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Ingår i: Program for 9th International Conference of the International Academy for Investigative Psychology (London, January, 2010).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today there is a large body of literature on deception detection, and virtually all this research is on lie-catchers’ ability to discriminate between truthful and deceptive statements about past actions, or liars’ and truth-tellers’ verbal/non-verbal behaviour when talking about past actions. This is remarkable considering the frequency and importance of situations calling for assessments of whether a person is lying or telling the truth about his or her intentions (e.g., stated reasons for crossing a boarder or entering a stadium). In brief, the societal value of an increased accuracy in detecting criminal intent (i.e., illegal actions planned, but not yet committed) can hardly be overstated. In this talk I will describe some theoretical notions that might be of assistance when studying true and false intentions (e.g. episodic future thought). I will also try to illuminate some of the trademarks of forming true intentions and false intentions. In addition, I will give a brief presentation of three recent empirical studies, focusing on different aspects of true and false intentions.
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| 6. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964
(författare)
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Deception detection: Some new developments
- 2009
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Ingår i: 13 Fachgruppentagung Rechtpsychologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Psychologie (DGPs).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To be able to correctly assess the veracity of statements offered by suspects, witnesses and alleged victims is of paramount importance in legal settings. Today there is a large body of research on people’s deception detection ability, and the research literature is to a large extent focused on lie-catchers’ unsuccessful strategies and the consequences that follow. The aim of this talk is to acknowledge a new wave of research, aiming at interviewing in ways which will increase deception detection accuracy. Specifically, I will discuss three new and promising extensions of the (more general) information-gathering approach; (1) the strategic use of evidence approach (the SUE-technique), (2) the cognitive load approach, and (3) the use of unanticipated questions. I will pay particular attention to strategic use of evidence in order to detect deception, and to this end a theoretical framework will be sketched; a framework resting upon psychological notions from three domains: (a) the psychology of instrumental mind reading, (b) the psychology of self-regulation, and (c) the psychology of guilt and innocence (liars' and truth-tellers' strategies).
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| 7. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964
(författare)
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Deception detection via strategic disclosure of evidence
- 2009
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Ingår i: Invited keynote lecture at the seminar “Deception detection and managing suspects interviews”. Aberdeen University/ Scottish Institute for Policing Research, SIPR. (Aberdeen, Scotland)..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To be able to correctly assess the veracity of statements offered by suspects, witnesses and alleged victims is of paramount importance in legal settings. Today there is a large body of research on people’s deception detection ability, and the research literature is to a large extent focused on the lie-catchers’ unsuccessful strategies and the consequences that follow. The aim of this talk is to provide an initial piece of scientific support for the idea that psychologically informed mind reading can improve people’s ability to detect deception. To this end a theoretical framework will be sketched; a framework resting upon psychological notions from three domains: (a) the psychology of mind reading, (b) the psychology of self-regulation, and (c) the psychology of guilt and innocence (liars' and truth-tellers' strategies). I will also a new wave of research on deception detection
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| 8. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Episodic future thought: Illuminating the trademarks of forming true and false intentions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Cognitive Psychology. - 0888-4080. ; 25, s. 274-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we argue that the emerging concept of episodic future thought (EFT) is a good candidate for capturing the core mental processes at play when forming an intention. Furthermore, we argue that tapping essential EFT features can be helpful in understanding how statements expressing true and false intent may differ, as well as the planning processes upon which such statements are based. Specifically, we argue that the processes relevant for constructing a convincing cover-story (which a guilty suspect needs to draw attention away from his or her criminal intent) will be much less characterized by the features typically following EFT. To test our assumption we devised a new experimental paradigm accommodating the main characteristics of intent and allowing for episodic future thought (the participants were encouraged to envisage themselves acting at a particular time and place in the future). The combined empirical evidence strongly supports our assumption that EFT is a helpful concept for illuminating the differences between true and false intent.
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| 9. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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What works in Investigative Psychology?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Legal and Criminological Psychology. - 1355-3259. ; 15:1, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this special issue the focus is on eight research themes within investigative psychology; most of which have occupied researchers for a long time (e.g. investigative interviewing), but a few of the themes have not until recently caught the attention of psycho-legal researchers (e.g. offender profiling and malingering). The overarching aim is to discuss how psychological research can help solve concrete problems that occur in investigative contexts.
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| 10. |
- Knieps, Melanie, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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How to discriminate between true and false intent? Towards a new experimental paradigm
- 2009
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Ingår i: Program of the 6th meeting of the Nordic Network for research on Psychology and Law (NNPL), Tallinn, Estonia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We argue that the emerging concept of episodic future thought (EFT) is a prime candidate for capturing the core mental processes at play when forming an intention. Furthermore, we argued that tapping the most essential EFT feature - to represent the future in the form of a mental image - will cast light on how statements on the formation of true and false intentions may differ. Specifically, we assumed that the processes relevant for constructing a convincing cover-story (which is needed in order to conceal a criminal intent) are very different from the processes at play when forming a true intention. To test our assumption we devised an experimental set-up accommodating the main characteristics of intent and allowing for EFT (the participants were encouraged to envisage themselves acting in the future). The combined empirical evidence supports our assumption that EFT illuminates the differences between forming true and false intentions.
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