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- Schuller, Bernd-Joachim
(författare)
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Globalization and competitiveness of nations : The Baltic States
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings from the International Scientific Conference. - : Kaunas University of Technology, Faculty of Economics & Management. ; , s. 673-678
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to the Lisbon Agenda of the year 2000, the goal of the European Union is to become in 2010 the most competitive economy in the world, able to achieve high employment, rising economic growth and rising living standards. Furthermore, social and regional cohesion and a positive environmental development shall be attained, though according to the Barroso Commission the focus is now on employment and growth, while social and environmental aspects are seen as longer-term goals. The Lisbon Agenda aims to prepare the European Union for the challenges of globalization. Since the Lisbon Summit in 2000, the EU has been enlarged with 12 new members, among them the Baltic States Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The purpose of this paper is firstly to investigate how - economic - globalization can be defined and measured and secondly, how competitiveness can be expressed. While globalization is measured mostly in absolute figures, regarding competitiveness, a - relative - comparison of countries is shown. The focus is on the Baltic States, with Sweden as a comparison. Though competitiveness of nations is according to Krugman a discussable phenomenon, Porter and the World Economic Forum (WEF) are presenting indicators for this concept in the yearly published Gobal Competitiveness Report. According to the WEF, international competitiveness of nations can be expressed by high growth and living standard in the medium and long run and by high and rising employment. [From the publication]
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Schuller, Bernd-Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Competitiveness of Nations in the Global Economy : Is Europe Internationally Competitive?
- 2009
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Ingår i: The International Scientific Conference - Economics and Management 2009. - : Kaunas University of Technology. ; , s. 934-939
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Lisbon Agenda from 2000 aims to make the European Union the most competitive economy in the world in 2010. This paper discusses the concept of international competitiveness of nations. While journalists and politicians believe that it is important for a country to be competitive, economist have often a different opinion. The World Economic Forum (WEF) presents two indices: the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and the Business Competitiveness Index (BCI). While Europe and the EU on average seem to be not very competitive, several of the European countries are internationally highly ranked. For the WEF a consequence of competitiveness is high standard of living. The paper shows that several of the European countries belong to the ones with the highest living standard in the world. In the sample, 40 European and 4 non-european countries are included. Finally, it could be shown that the correlation coefficients between the rankings of GCI, BCI and living standards are high and positive.
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| 4. |
- Schuller, Bernd-Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Migration, Demograpy and Economic growth - A European Perspective : Discussion Paper European Economic Integration in Swedish Research
- 2006
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As well known and much discussed, the European demographic development will mean problems for economic growth in the future. While the part of the population, which is older than 65, will continue to rise both relative to the labour force and in absolute terms, the active population between 20 and 64 probably will fall, at least relatively if not absolutely. In this paper we will treat two central questions. The first question is dealing with the demographic development and possible effects of migration in West Europe. Regarding the new member countries and the candidate countries, with the exception of Turkey, the demographic development here is even more difficult than the one in West Europe. Furthermore, migration to Europe could implicate a brain drain, which may deteriorate the economic and social situation in the countries of emigration. In this part we even will discuss, whether the population situation in Europe could lead to an enlargement of the EU or other arrangements of co-operation with countries, which traditionally are not seen as candidates for membership. The second main question in the paper will discuss the implications of the population development and of migration for economic growth. A difference can be made between growth of total GDP, GDP per head of population and GDP per employed person. Yet the main emphasis of the empirical growth discussion will deal with GDP pc. We will even discus, whether the possibilities of falling growth could be leveled out by higher formation of physical and human capital, changes of participation rates and working hours.
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| 5. |
- Schuller, Bernd-Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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The Enlargement of the EU since 2000 - Economic Aspects and Challanges
- 2009
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Ingår i: The 11th Annual SNEE European Integration Conference. - : Swedish Network for European Studies in Economics and Business (SNEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To become a member of the European Union, certain conditions have to be fulfilled. First of all, a country has to apply for membership. Furthermore, the country must geographically be situated in Europe, though there is some space of discussion (Cyprus, Turkey, and some territories and countries outside Europe). Finally the country has to meet the Copenhagen criteria (stability of institutions, functioning market economy, ability to take on the obligations of membership). Since 2004, new members of the EU even have to join the Economic and Monetary Union, when they fulfil the Maastricht criteria (low inflation and long-run interest rates, low public deficits and debts, stable exchange rates and independent national central bank). The purpose of this paper is to investigate some economic aspects and challenges of the enlargement of the EU since 2000. Even possible future enlargements will be discussed. Among the economic aspects the size, internationalisation and globalisation will be discussed mostly in macroeconomic terms. Furthermore, the question of Europe's international competitiveness and the Lisbon agenda from 2000 will be treated. The time perspective regarding the economic development in the past is approximately the years from 2000 to 2007, i.e. the actual development in 2008 and 2009 will not be dealt with. Finally, the question will be asked, whether past and future enlargements lead to a stronger or weaker European Union
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Magnusson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Migration, demography and economic growth : a European perspective
- 2006
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Ingår i: The 8th Annual Conference on European Economic Integration, Mölle, May 16-19 2006.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As well known and much discussed, the European demographic development will mean problems for economic growth in the future. While the part of the population, which is older than 65, will continue to rise both relative to the labour force and in absolute terms, the active population between 20 and 64 probably will fall, at least relatively if not absolutely. In this paper we will treat two central questions. The first question is dealing with the demographic development and possible effects of migration in West Europe. Regarding the new member countries and the candidate countries, with the exception of Turkey, the demographic development here is even more difficult than the one in West Europe. Furthermore, migration to Europe could implicate a brain drain, which may deteriorate the economic and social situation in the countries of emigration. In this part we even will discuss, whether the population situation in Europe could lead to an enlargement of the EU or other arrangements of co-operation with countries, which traditionally are not seen as candidates for membership. The second main question in the paper will discuss the implications of the population development and of migration for economic growth. A difference can be made between growth of total GDP, GDP per head of population and GDP per employed person. Yet the main emphasis of the empirical growth discussion will deal with GDP pc. We will even discus, whether the possibilities of falling growth could be leveled out by higher formation of physical and human capital, changes of participation rates and working hours
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| 9. |
- Schuller, Bernd-Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Globalization, Economic Processes and Human Resources
- 2007
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Ingår i: 9th International Scientific Conference. - Kaunas : Vytautas Magnus University. - 9789955122388 - 9955122382 ; , s. 325-343
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article discusses the influence of globalization on economic processes and human resources. It looks at quantitative developments which can illustrate internationalization between the 1970s and the 1990s. The problems which arise when two or more countries are starting to trade and specialize internationally are explained, as well as the international movements of capital.
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| 10. |
- Schuller, Bernd-Joachim
(författare)
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Growth without jobs? : The Baltic Countries
- 2005
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Ingår i: Mölle 2005. - : Swedish Network for European Studies in Economics and Business (SNEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- According to the public opinion in several European countries during the 1990s, the European economies were growing, regarding total production and GDP, but in contrast to the USA, employment was stagnating, while unemployment was rising. It was therefore questioned, whether economic growth could solve the problems of rising unemployment and stagnating employment. Furthermore, after the change of the economic system in the Central- and Eastern Europe Countries (CEEC), though economic growth in several CEEC since the middle of the 1990s was very strong, especially in the Baltic countries, unemployment was rising and employment was falling. The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse the 1990s with respect to the following questions. Is the European economic development, defined as the situation in the EU15, characterized by jobless growth, i.e. a situation with growing GDP but rising unemployment and stagnating employment? Is the development in the USA significantly different from the one of the EU15? The enlargement of the EU with 8 CEEC in May 2004 and the expectation of a common monetary policy in the future with the stability and growth pact valid even for the new members leads to the question whether the economic development of the new members is comparable to the one in the “old” EU15. Therefore an investigation of growth and employment in the three Baltic countries as a part of the CEEC is performed.
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