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- Sjöstrand, Karin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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När vattentillgången brister
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Access to good quality water in sufficient quantity is essential for people’s everyday life and for most businesses and economic sectors. However, water scarcity and drought are emerging as some of the most important global risks to society with both short-term and long-term effects on people, ecosystem services, biodiversity and the economic activities that depend on a reliable water supply. This is a global problem, and Sweden is not spared. The low precipitation and high summer temperatures that hit Sweden for three consecutive years between 2016 and 2018, caused a vastly reduced access to water and led to major consequences for the Swedish society. In most Swedish regions, however, there is usually more than enough water to meet the growing needs of society and at the same time maintain a good environmental status even during drought. But to ensure a long-term sustainable water supply, all parties, i.e. households, water-dependent businesses and authorities, need to take measures. Drought and water scarcity are challenges that do not only affect, or can be solved by, the municipal drinking water supply. Each and everyone who uses and is dependent on water, regardless of whether the water is supplied through public or private systems, is part of the problem and should therefore also be part of the solutions. This report provides information and material to help companies contribute to a better water situation in areas with low water availability. The report describes the water usage and water availability in Sweden today and how they are expected to change in the future. Incentives and driving forces for water savings are described as well as methods for identifying inefficient water usage and improvement measures. A review of studies from various countries provides information on challenges as well as good examples of water scarcity mitigation measures in various economic sectors. Examples of decision support methods that can be used to evaluate and prioritize between alternative measures are also described. Finally, potential implementation barriers are discussed and examples of policy instruments which can facilitate implementation of beneficial measures are given.
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- Franke, Ulrik, 1981-
(författare)
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Dags för cybersäkerhetsekonomi
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 50:2, s. 71-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Franke, Ulrik, 1981-
(författare)
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Transparenta algoritmer i försäkringsbranschen
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is the final report of the project Transparent algorithms in insurance, which has been conducted at RISE and KTH Royal Institute of Technology, funded by Länsförsäkringars forskningsfond, from 2018 to 2021. The report starts by discussing some of the difficulties that arise with automated decision-making and black box-like algorithms, as well as the prospects for alleviating these through appropriate transparency. Next, some research results are presented. From an analysis of national AI strategies from the Nordic countries, it is concluded that ethics play an important part in them: ethical AI is said to be a competitive advantage. However, the documents do not offer any convincing arguments for this position, and do not offer any clear ethical guidance. Based on two case studies, the prospects for using the Value Sensitive Design method to conduct design work while taking transparency and other values into account are discussed. The method is deemed promising for use in actual design work, e.g., within insurance. An empirical investigation of how the right to explanation under GDPR works in practice in Swedish insurance finds large discrepancies between companies. The times required to respond were long and the contents of the answers showed considerable variability. A follow-up study in several EU countries is planned and will in due time give a better picture of what the GDPR right to meaningful information actually means in practice. Based on interviews with some 30 senior managers and board members within banking and insurance, possibilities and challenges of implementing transparent and explainable AI in large organizations are discussed. Difficulties include coming to grips with different points of view and creating common frames of reference. The perspective of the Swedish insurance industry on AI and transparency was also investigated through interviews. There is a widespread belief that transparency could be a competitive advantage, but most informants are uncertain about how this advantage can actually be realized. It is also apparent that AI is not yet used in the insurance core business in Sweden, meaning that the questions of transparent and explainable AI are still somewhat theoretical to the industry. Still, they are expected to become important in due time. The report is concluded with some observations that are practically relevant to insurance, and a few directions for future research.
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- Mellquist, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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De branschvisa färdplanerna för fossilfrihet – innovationspotential och systemanalys
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är en rapport framtagen av RISE kunskapsplattform Climate Opportunity Accellerator (COA) som ska höja kunskapen om behovet av ett systemperspektiv i klimatomställningen. Rapporten beskriver en innovationsanalys av färdplanerna för fossilfri konurennskraft framtagna inom ramen för Fossilfritt Sverige. Analysen har använt sig av 1.5°C Compatability Pathfinder Framework från Mission Innovation.
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- Algehed, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Innovation + stadsutveckling = sant?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Innovation och stadsutveckling – en forskningsantologi om organiseringsutmaningar för stad och kommun. - Borås : Stema. - 9789189049086
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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- Selander, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Karbonatisering - En förbisedd koldioxidsänka
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten beskriver i en enkel form karbonatisering som kemisk fenomen. Var kommer koldioxiden från, hur tas den upp igen av betongen och hur skall den beaktas i en LCA. I tillägg till detta har en fallstudie genomförts där koldioxidupptaget i ett flerbostadshus beräknats för olika scenarier där designlösningar valts för att maximera koldioxidupptaget och därmed även sänka koldioxidavtrycket för hela byggnaden. Arbetet har genomförts inom ramen för BETCRETE 2.0 som samfinansierats av Vinnova inom programmet utmaningsdriven innovation (UDI) och deltagande företag. Författarna till denna rapport representerar Cementa AB (Anders Selander och Stefan Sandelin), Thomas Concrete Group AB (Carlos Gil Berrocal och Ingemar Löfgren) samt RISE (Katarina Malaga). Fallstudien som presenteras i Bilaga 2 är skriven av Carlos Gil Berrocal.
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- Pohl, Hans
(författare)
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Vägtransporterna elektrifieras – hur påverkar det sysselsättningen i Sverige?
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Road transports are rapidly electrified, and, in a few years, electrified vehicles may represent the majority of all vehicles being sold. This is true for light and heavy vehicles. On the one hand, vehicle electrification is probably necessary to make road transport environmentally sustainable. On the other, electrification is a real challenge to the automotive industry. The automotive industry in Sweden is important and it has since its inception built its business around internal combustion engines. The main question of this pre-study is: To what extent will electrified vehicles have their value added in Sweden and how will the change impact the employment?The core of the pre-study is data from 11 interviews carried out in June 2019. The respondents work with electrification at AB Volvo, Volvo Cars or at a supplier. The inter-views covered among others the speed of change towards electrification, there are people arguing that everything will be electrified within a few years. The vehicle manufacturers argue that the change rate is lower, because it takes time to develop new vehicles and change the vehicle fleet. Another key question is if the consequences of electrification are underestimated. The pre-study indicates that the consequences probably are underestimated by automakers as well as suppliers. A rough estimation tells that internal combustion engine related work employ circa 15,000 people in Sweden. Moreover, the service and maintenance business is expected to diminish substantially, which might impact another 5,000 people. On the positive side, companies like Northvolt may employ 2,000 – 3,000 people in Skellefteå in a few years.
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