| 1. |
- Heshmati, Almas, et al.
(författare)
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Effective Corporate Tax Rates and the Size Distribution of Firms
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade. - : Springer. - 1566-1679 .- 1573-7012. ; 10:3-4, s. 297-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze the effects of effective corporate tax rates on the size distribution of firms. In modelling this relationship we account for conditional variables as well as unobservable time and industry effects. A number of hypotheses are tested concerning heterogeneity in the impact of effective corporate tax rates on the size distributions of firms with regard to firm size class, industry and time. The results are based on data covering the whole Swedish economy for the period 1973–2002. The descriptive results suggest that effective corporate tax rates differ by firm size, industry and over time. Application of t-tests demonstrate inequality in mean and variance of effective corporate tax rates between major size classes but not within major size classes: smaller firms report a higher effective corporate tax rate than larger firms. The t-tests also demonstrate inequality in mean and variance of effective corporate tax rates between industrial sectors: service sector reports a higher effective corporate tax rate than production sector. The regressions show effective corporate tax rates to have: a negative effect on the size distribution of large firms, negative effect on transportation, financing and service sector and a positive effect on manufacturing, electricity and on production sector. We conclude that effective corporate tax rates affect the size distribution of firms as well as the composition of industries.
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| 2. |
- Grundström, Christina, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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View and management of innovativeness upon succession in family-owned SMEs
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Management. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier. - 1363-9196 .- 1757-5877. ; 15:3, s. 617-640
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into how the successors of family-owned manufacturing SMEs view and manage innovativeness. Research into company takeovers mainly focuses on large companies and little is known about innovativeness in research on family-owned businesses, often SMEs. This paper presents findings from ten company successions, five of which describe family successions and five external ones. The paper points to that there is little difference in how various types of successor view and manage innovativeness. A successor is chosen with care and this also influences the view and management of innovativeness; other criteria seem to apply in the succession and radical changes can only be introduced if a number of contextual factors are managed properly. The paper also indicates that while financial constraints may limit innovations, a strong financial situation is not an antecedent for innovativeness.
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| 3. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Acquisitions and network identity change
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Marketing. - Yorkshire, United Kingdom : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0309-0566 .- 1758-7123. ; 45:9/10, s. 1470-1500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to discuss whether or not an acquisition changes the network identity of an acquired firm and, if so, how. This study aims to bring new insights to the corporate marketing field, as it examines corporate identity in the context of how a company is perceived because of its relationships with other firms. The focus of this research is acquired innovative firms.Design/methodology/approach: This paper adopts a multiple case study approach. Data on four acquisitions of innovative firms were collected using 41 interviews, which were supplemented with secondary data.Findings: Based on the case studies, it can be concluded that the network identity of the acquired firms does change following an acquisition. The acquired firms inherited the acquirers' identity, regardless of whether or not the companies were integrated. Previous, present and potential business partners regarded the innovative firms as being more solvent, but distanced themselves. In addition, some of them regarded the innovative firms as competitors.Practical implications: Changes in the way a firm is perceived by its business partners, following an acquisition, will influence the future business operations of the firm. Expected changes to business relationships should ideally be considered part of due diligence. Acquirers need to consider how they can minimise the risks associated with business partners' changed perceptions of acquired firms.Originality/value: This paper contributes to the research on identity, through discussion of the consequences of an acquisition for the identity and relationships of a firm. It also contributes to the existing corporate marketing literature, through consideration of perceptions at a network level. Furthermore, this paper contributes to merger and acquisition literature, by highlighting the influence of ownership on relationships with external parties.
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| 4. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-
(författare)
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Customer roles in innovations
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Management. - London, UK : Imperial College Press. - 1363-9196 .- 1757-5877. ; 14:6, s. 989-1011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to discuss and classify the roles of customers in innovations. In literature on innovations, customers have been increasingly emphasised as a source for innovations and also in how they help develop ideas in their early phases. This paper exemplifies various customer roles in innovations through three case studies. These describe the customer as initiator, as co-producer and as inspiration for business development. Through using role theory to discuss customers in innovations, it becomes explicit how customers may play their traditional roles, add roles or transfer to new roles beyond the scope of being a customer. Furthermore, the paper shows that customer roles change during the innovation process from added or transferred towards more traditional ones.
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| 5. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-
(författare)
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Identity in collaboration
- 2010
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Ingår i: Abstracts from 26th Annual IMP Conference. - : Industrial Marketing and Purchasing Group.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This paper targets the issue of multi-identities of companies in collaboration. Companies may participate in collaboration for various reasons and may also perceive the collaboration in different ways. What is more; companies in collaboration may to various extents regard themselves as, and be regarded as, individual companies or as part of the collaboration. Their views may in turn be reflected in how business partners of the collaborating companies perceive the collaboration. This paper builds on various actors’ perception of companies in collaboration. The paper uses the identity concept to capture the multi-identities of companies in collaboration. The purpose of the paper is to describe and discuss various actors’ perception in multi-identity settings. Research method: The paper is built on a case study describing three levels of identity: a company level, the level of a collaboration taking the form of a joint venture, and a contractual collaboration. These are in turn described from involved parties’ and their business partners’ perspectives. Research findings: The paper shows that pre-collaboration history greatly reflects the identity ascribed to the companies. This was the case both for the companies in the collaboration and their business partners’ perceptions. The more structured the collaboration, the more probable that a separate collaboration identity was established. A collaboration based on contracts merely meant that the company’s identity was affected by connections to collaboration parties, while a separate identity was not established. Main contribution: The paper contributes to literature on corporate identity through discussing them in relation to collaboration. It also contributes to research on perception in business relationships through pointing at differences in perception between parties, where this paper connects this to actor and relationship history along with the collaboration structure.
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| 6. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-
(författare)
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The core-customer concept
- 2011
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Ingår i: Service Industries Journal. - : Routledge. - 0264-2069 .- 1743-9507. ; 31:16, s. 2677-2692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to define and discuss the core-customer concept. This concept examines how a company develops its operations around a single or only a few customers. The customer steers what products and services the supplier develops, which means that it is the customer that dictates the supplier's operations. The core-customer concept may be one method for designing a company's operations, but the paper also aims to challenge companies to consider how they think about customers. The paper contributes to research on customer value and extended service offerings by indicating a business-development strategy based on the customer rather than the supplier's operations. Building a company around a single customer, requires flexibility and competences in finding collaboration partners or in adjusting the organisation to new requirements. The paper refers to these as secondary/supporting competences, while the core competence upon which the company builds its operation is the customer.
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| 7. |
- Bandick, Roger, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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What happens to R&D in domestic multinationals after foreign acquisition?
- 2011
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Ingår i: VoxEU.org. - : VoxEU.org.
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- With foreign ownership of domestic companies becoming increasingly common, questions are mounting as to the consequences. One area of concern is the effect on research and development. This column presents new evidence from Sweden, where flagship firms such as Volvo and Saab are now foreign owned, that it hopes will reassure policymakers.
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| 8. |
- Bandick, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Employment effects of foreign acquisition
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Review of Economics and Finance. - : Elsevier. - 1059-0560 .- 1873-8036. ; 20:2, s. 211-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the employment effects of. foreign acquisitions in acquired firms in Swedish manufacturing during the 1990s; a period characterized by a dramatic increase in foreign ownership. We find some evidence of positive employment effects in acquired firms and it seems that the employment of skilled labor increases more than that of less-skilled labor. Our results indicate that the positive employment effects are more pronounced in acquired non-MNEs than in Swedish MNEs. Furthermore, we observe shifts in skill intensities toward higher shares of skilled labor in non-MNEs taken over by foreign MNEs, but not in acquired Swedish MNEs.
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| 9. |
- Bandick, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Foreign acquisition, plant survival, and employment growth
- 2010
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Economics. - : Wiley. - 0008-4085 .- 1540-5982. ; 43:2, s. 547-573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the effect of foreign acquisition on survival and employment growth of targets using data on Swedish manufacturing plants. We separate targeted plants into those within Swedish MNEs, Swedish exporting non-MNEs, and purely domestic firms. The results, controlling for possible endogeneity of acquisition using IV and propensity score matching approaches suggest that acquisition by foreign owners increases the lifetime of the acquired plants only if the plant was an exporter. The effect is robust to controlling for domestic acquisitions and differs between horizontal and vertical acquisitions. We find robust positive employment growth effects only for exporters and only if the takeover is vertical.
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| 10. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-
(författare)
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Customer roles in innovations
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Dynamics of Innovation. - Bilbao, Spain : International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM). - 9789522149268
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to discuss and classify the roles of customers in innovations. In literature on innovations, customers have been increasingly emphasised as a source for innovations and also in how they help developing ideas in their early phases. This paper exemplifies various customer roles in innovations through three case studies. These describe the customer as initiator, as co-producer and as central party for business development. Through using role theory to discuss customers in innovations, it becomes explicit how customers may act their traditional roles, add roles or transfer to new roles beyond the scope of being a customer. Furthermore, the paper shows that customer roles change during the innovation process, from added or transferred roles in early phases to more traditional ones i later phases of the innovation process
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