| 1. |
- Lundmark, Linda, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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National Parks and Protected Areas and the Role for Employment in Tourism and Forest Sectors : a Swedish Case
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ecology & Society. - Wolfville : Resilience Alliance. - 1708-3087. ; 15:1, s. 19-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of national parks and other protected areas has been widely promoted because of its potential for regional development in peripheral and sparsely populated areas. The argument is that the economic and social benefits seen in national parks in the USA and UK will also occur in the Swedish context in the form of an increased tourism-related labor market. Our aim was to analyze the possibility of such a development both in light of the policy visions of positive regional and local development and from the adversary point of view that protection of land is making it more difficult for 15 sparsely populated mountain municipalities in Sweden to prosper. We used a database covering the entire population of the area for 1991 to 2001. Our results show that factors other than the protected areas are connected to the development of a tourism labor market. The most positively correlated variables for change in tourism employment are population growth and proximity to ski lifts. Positive population development is also correlated to a positive change in the number of people employed in forest sectors. Thus, one of the main outcomes is that the assumed and almost automatic positive relation between nature conservation and tourism can is questionable.
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| 2. |
- Haftor, Darek
(författare)
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An Evaluation of R.L. Ackoff’s Interactive Planning : A Case-based Approach
- 2011
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Ingår i: Systemic Practice and Action Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1094-429X .- 1573-9295. ; 24:4, s. 355-357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Russell L. Ackoff developed the Interactive Planning (IP) methodology as a conceptual tool to guide systematic and systemic development of organizations. One of its unique features is that such development should be ideal-oriented. IP has been well-received within the Systems Thinking community in particular; where more than 300 applications of IP are mentioned. However, it has not been easy to answer the question: “does the use of IP enable that which it is proposing to enable?” as there have been no systematic, empirically grounded, and critically oriented, evaluations of IP. This study attempts to offer such an evaluation. In this case, IP was employed to support a comprehensive development of a Department within a company. This IP application was evaluated using a set of predefined evaluation criteria derived from the IP as such and also from its critique. The results suggest that IP is indeed a powerful methodology to guide organizational development. While IP has several positive merits, a set of limitations were identified and serve here as a basis for deriving recommendations for the practitioners of IP and also suggestions of areas that merit further IP research.
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| 3. |
- Elias, Mturi, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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A business process metadata model for a process model repository
- 2010
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Ingår i: Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642130519 - 9783642130502 ; , s. 287-300
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today reuse of business process models is becoming increasingly important. One of the proven solutions for reusing business process models is the use of repositories. Repositories should have process models and process metadata that can help users in searching, understanding, and interpreting process models. The purpose of this paper is to propose a Business Process Metadata Model (BPMM) that would facilitate a) locating process models, b) understanding and/or interpreting process models, and c) navigating a process model repository. In order to evaluate the BPMM, an empirical study is conducted to measure consistency and correctness of annotating business processes by using BPMM.
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| 4. |
- Hart, Rob, et al.
(författare)
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The elephant in Hotelling's room
- 2011
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 39:12, s. 7834-7838
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper questions the assumption, commonly used in theoretical and policy research, that scarcity rents make up a large proportion of market prices for oil and coal. We show that the empirical literature, simple calculations of historical and future scarcity rent shares, and possible theoretical explanations all imply the same overall conclusions: that scarcity rents seem to have been marginal or non-existent historically; that they almost certainly do not dominate fossil resource prices today; and that there will be other factors shaping the prices in the upcoming decades. We therefore argue that using the scarcity rent as the main or only basis for policy or for explaining empirical outcomes is ill-advised.
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| 5. |
- Ahrne, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Organization outside organizations : The significance of partial organization
- 2011
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Ingår i: Organization. - : SAGE Publications. - 1350-5084 .- 1461-7323. ; 18:1, s. 83-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is common practice in organizational research to restrict the concept of organization to formal organizations, and to describe the world outside these entities by such other concepts as institutions or networks. It is argued in this article that the concept of organization can be fruitfully broadened to include some aspects of the order that exists outside and among organizations. A broader concept includes not only complete, formal organization, but also 'partial organization'. Both types of organization are based on decisions, but whereas complete organizations have access to all elements of organization, partial organization is based on only one or a few of these elements. Like complete organization, partial organization is a common phenomenon that not least characterizes much of the contemporary global order. The authors discuss how partial organization arises, how and why institutions and networks sometimes become organized, and the consequences of organization for change, transparency and accountability.
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| 6. |
- Kajtazi, Miranda, et al.
(författare)
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Information Inadequacy : Some causes of Failures in Human and Social Affairs
- 2011
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Ingår i: Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation. - : Academic Conferences Limited. - 1566-6379. ; 14:1, s. 63-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we develop a conceptual model for understanding human‑related information practices and their behavioural activities. Our focus is on forging new possibilities to explore and improve the contemporary dilemma when human activities fail due to the lack of the needed information, which is here understood as information inadequacy. More precisely, information inadequacy is defined as vulnerable and inadequate information, composed by the dichotomy of information lack and/or of information overflow, which imposes complexities and unexpected behaviour on human, social and industrial affairs. By exploring the lack of needed information in human, social and industrial affairs, we conducted an inquiry into different empirical situations manifesting information inadequacy, subsequently examining the various theoretical bodies that relate to information inadequacy. The key question was: Which theories may explicate the key human behavioural patterns that cause information inadequacy? To answer this question, our paper presents initial guidance with a systematic approach that focuses on evaluating and further improving research and practice in terms of information relevance. The empirical cases are largely based on major human, social and industrial dysfunctions: the Lehman Brothers' bankruptcy 2008, and the Enron bankruptcy 2001, the disasters of the Columbia space shuttle in 2003, and the Challenger in 1986. The analyses are examined through theories of information behaviour that influence communication processes where two or more different actors are required to engage in activities of communicating information. The results include the identification of four information exchange patterns: influenced, intentional, hindered, and unaware. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of the model for practice with information. The paper concludes by reviewing the role of information inadequacy in economic, social and political contexts that remain challenging.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Edenius, Mats, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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An Office on the Go : Professional Workers, Smartphones and the Return of Place
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction. - New York : IGI Publishing. - 1548-3908 .- 1548-3916. ; 7:1, s. 37-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a study on how senior managers, as professional workers, in a leading ICT company use smartphones, according to new configurations of time and space. Of special interest is how smartphones act as comforting handheld consoles without being rooted in physical location. Three non-physical places, as spatial nodes, are presented: pause in the temporal current, place as a function of the intensity of communication, place in terms of becoming rooted by felt value. It is argued that highlighting non-physical places as structures emanating from the use of smartphones is an important variable to account for when studying how professionals increasingly use smartphones, both in instrumental and non-instrumental terms.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- El-Mekawy, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Extending BITA maturity model from organizational culture perspective
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proc. Annu. Hawaii Int. Conf. Syst. Sci.. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9780769545257 ; , s. 5011-5022, s. 5011-5022
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Business-IT alignment (BITA) has gained attention during the past few years. As a result, a number of theoretical models that can be applied as supportive tools for assessing different components of BITA have been developed. However, most of these efforts have been produced either in Anglo-Saxon Countries or rooted in the experiences gained from these countries. Consequently, they ignore the factor that is subjected to change due to difference in cultural contexts. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of organizational culture on achieving BITA and influences its maturity. The research method and process that was followed, namely an in-depth literature survey followed by an empirical study of 51 Swedish multinational organizations.
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