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| 2. |
- Svensson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Local Accountability Improves Health Services
- 2010
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Ingår i: Institutional Microeconomics of Development. - Mass. : MIT Press. - 9780262014069
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Perrotta, Maria Carmela, 1981-
(författare)
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Aid, Education and Development
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of four essays in development and political economics.Aid Effectiveness: New Instrument, New Results?Despite a voluminous literature, the question of whether aid leads to growth is still controversial. To observe the effect of aid, researchers have used instrumental variables that must be exogenous to growth and explain well aid flows. We propose a new instrument based on aid quantities as predicted by the priority that different recipients are given by the donors. We find a positive and significant, though relatively small, effect of aid.Hidden Redistribution in Higher EducationThis paper advances and tests the hypothesis that overspending in higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa reflects patterns of redistribution towards the elites close to the political leaders, when this level of education is accessible exclusively or mostly to such groups. I find support for this hypothesis, but the bulk of the Sub-Saharan Africa spending anomaly remains to be explained.The Impact of a Food For Education Program on Schooling in CambodiaFood for education (FFE) programs, which consist of meals served in school and in some cases take-home rations, are considered a powerful tool to improve education and health outcomes for children in the developing world. In this paper, we evaluate the Cambodia FFE and find that it increased enrollment rates, school attendance and achieved education. We also investigate who benefited the most, and how cost-effective such a program is compared to other types of interventions.Heterogeneity in the Growth Elasticity of PovertyIncreasing per capita incomes are generally associated with decreasing poverty rates. After the UN Millennium Declaration, a big research effort has focused on the responsiveness of poverty to growth using the concept of growth elasticity of poverty: the percentage change in poverty associated with a 1 percent growth in per capita income. This paper investigates, with help of new data, the heterogeneity around a well known average relationship. The main focus is on the effect of constitutions.
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| 4. |
- Yanagizawa Drott, David, 1978-
(författare)
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Information, Markets and Conflict : Essays on Development and Political Economics
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis consists of four essays.The first essay, “The Strategic Determinants of U.S. Human Rights Reporting: Evidence from the Cold War”, uses a country-level panel dataset to test the hypothesis that the United States biases its human rights reports of countries based on the strategic value of these countries. The results show that allying with the U.S. during the Cold War significantly improves reports on a country's human rights situation from the U.S. State Department relative to Amnesty International.The second essay, “Watchdog or Lapdog? Media and the U.S. Government during the Cold War”, builds on the first and investigates the extent to which strategic objectives of the U.S. government influenced news coverage during the Cold War. Two relationships are established: 1) strategic objectives of the U.S. government cause the State Department to under-report human rights violations of allies; and 2) these objectives reduce the news coverage of human rights abuses for allies in six U.S. national newspapers.The third essay, “Propaganda and Conflict: Theory and Evidence from the Rwandan Genocide”, investigates the impact of the infamous "hate radio" station Radio RTLM on participation in the Rwandan Genocide. The results show that Radio RTLM substantially increased participation. Complete radio coverage in a village increased participation by 65 to 77 percent, and a simple counter-factual calculation suggests that approximately 9 percent of the genocide, corresponding to at least 45 000 Tutsi deaths, can be explained by the radio station.The fourth essay, “Tuning in the Market Signal: The Impact of Price Information on Market Exchange in Uganda”, estimates the impact of access to market price information on agricultural market outcomes. By exploiting a natural experiment in Uganda, the results show that access to price information causes rural farmers to sell larger shares of their output and receive higher farm-gate prices, while decreasing the market price in urban markets. Together, the results indicate that the price information reduced market failures by alleviating frictions between farmers and traders.
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| 5. |
- Reinikka, Ritva, et al.
(författare)
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WORKING FOR GOD? : EVIDENCE FROM A CHANGE IN FINANCING OF NONPROFIT HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN UGANDA
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Economic Association. - 1542-4766 .- 1542-4774. ; 8:6, s. 1159-1178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What motivates religious nonprofit health care providers? This paper uses a change in financing of nonprofit health care providers in Uganda to test two theories of organizational behavior. We show that financial aid leads to more laboratory testing, lower user charges, and increased utilization. These findings are consistent with the view that religious nonprofit providers are intrinsically motivated to serve (poor) people and that these preferences matter quantitatively. (JEL: L31, I11, O15)
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| 6. |
- Harstad, Bård, et al.
(författare)
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Bribes, Lobbying, and Development
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Political Science Review. - : American Political Science Association. - 0003-0554 .- 1537-5943. ; 105:1, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Reinikka, Ritva, et al.
(författare)
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The power of information in public services : Evidence from education in Uganda
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0047-2727 .- 1879-2316. ; 95:7-8, s. 956-966
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we argue that innovations in governance of social services are an effective way to improve outcomes such as attainment of universal primary education. To test this hypothesis we exploit an unusual policy experiment: a newspaper campaign in Uganda aimed at reducing the capture of public funds by providing schools (parents) with systematic information to monitor local officials' handling of a large education grant program. Combining survey and administrative data, we show that public access to information can be a powerful deterrent to the capture of funds at the local level and that the reduction in the capture of funds that resulted had a positive effect on school enrollment and learning outcomes.
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