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- Gerdes, Christer, 1970-
(författare)
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The Impact of Immigration on the Size of Government : Empirical Evidence from Danish Municipalities
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Economics. - : Wiley. - 0347-0520 .- 1467-9442. ; 113:1, s. 74-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies have reported a negative relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and the size of the public sector. One problem with this literature is that ethnic composition is hardly exogenous, which obstructs attempts to reveal causal mechanisms. This paper explores the impact of changes in ethnic heterogeneity in Danish municipalities from 1995 through 2001, a period marked by an unprecedented influx of refugees. A state-sponsored placement policy restricted their choice of residence and required local governments to accept them as citizens. The analysis of the impact of this influx has not revealed any support for the claim of a decline in public sector size.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Gerdes, Christer, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The significance of immigration for public finances in Denmark
- 2011
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the economic consequences of immigration for public finances in Denmark. Using new figures for the period 2004-2008, net transfers are calculated, and presented as an extension to the figures that already existed for the period 1991-2001. The net transfers are calculated from a marginal perspective, which means that the included public expenditures and incomes can be traced to each individual person in our sample. The study is therefore suited for analyzing the economic consequences if more/less people immigrate. A consistent pattern to emerge throughout is that net transfers from Western first- and second-generation immigrants to state funds are positive, while those from non-Western first- and second-generation immigrants are negative. The new calculations show that net transfers from non-Western first- and second-generation immigrants fell from DKK -12.8 billion in 2004 to DKK -9.1 billion in 2008, largely due to the improved employment situation in Denmark. The results also show, however, that the composition chosen of the group of non-Western immigrants has a significant effect on the calculation of net transfers, in that these transfers are reduced to DKK -2.2 billion if refugees are excluded from this group.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gerdes, Christer, 1970-
(författare)
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Using 'Shares' vs. 'Log of Shares' in Fixed-Effect Estimations
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Economics and Econometrics. - Brussels : EERI Economics and Econometrics Research Institute. - 2032-9652 .- 2032-9660. ; 54:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper looks at potential implications emerging from including "shares" as a control variable in fixed effect estimations. By shares we refer to the ratio of a sum of units over another, such as the share of immigrants in a city or school. As will be shown in this paper, alogarithmic transformation of shares has methodological merits compared to the use of shares defined as mere ratios.
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