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- Belyaev, Yuri K
(författare)
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Assessing accuracy of statistical inferences by resamplings
- 2010
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Ingår i: Mathematical and Statistical Models and Methods in Reliability. - New York : Birkhäuser Verlag. - 9780817649708 - 9780817649715 ; , s. 193-206
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Suppose that a list of explanatory variables and corresponding random responses was obtained during a series of regression experiments. The characteristic of interest is the mean value of responses considered as a regression function of corresponding values of explanatory variables. For example, if responses are failure times of tested elements, then the conditional mean value of life time given the value of explanatory variable is one of the important reliability characteristics of the tested elements. The analysis of this type of data can be realized in the framework of linear heteroscedastic regression models. Here, one of the central problems is a consistent estimation of the unknown regression function when the size of data grows unboundedly. The problems related to analysis of regression data attracted many researches, see Wu [Ann. Statist. 14, 1261–1350 (1986)]. We give an approach to consistent solution of the problems under the assumption that values of explanatory variables are real numbers and the regression function is a polynomial with unknown degree and coefficients. The selection of regression function is based on resamplings from terms in the sum of the residuals estimated by the ordinary least squares method with various values of polynomial degree. In a similar way, resamplings from the weighted estimated residuals are used for consistent estimation of the deviations distributions of estimated coefficients from their true unknown values. The consistency of applied resamplings methods holds under certain assumptions, e.g. it is assumed that the residuals distributions have uniformly integrable second moments (assumption AW 2). Given in Appendix a variant of the Central Limit Resampling Theorem is used in the proofs of Theorems 1 and 2.
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- Caselunghe, Elvira, et al.
(författare)
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Landscape and Place Concepts Meeting through Encounters between Birdwatchers and Farmers
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Determining stakeholders‘ different perspectives on the same place can create an important platform for processes of mutual learning in natural resource management. We have interviewed farmers and birdwatchers who were members in a project called Swedish birdwatchers and farmers in cooperation. The aim of the project was to create discussions and meetings between these different users of the landscape; farmers and birdwatchers. In interviews were focused on their view of landscape, birds and nature conservation. To understand how the farmers and the birdwatchers perceive the landscape and discuss around this we use a landscape relation model created by Gustafsson (1993). The model describes three ways of relating to a landscape/place. According to Gustafsson people can relate to landscapes as 1) Pictorial landscapes, 2) Perception landscapes or 3) Identification landscapes. The different perspectives on the same landscape can derive from for example a person‘s function in the landscape and how long time that he or she has spent there. The model can also be a base for discussions about identities. How one perceive and relate to the landscape will affect how one uses and talk about the landscape, the species within the landscape and farm practice
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- Jansson, Torbjörn
(författare)
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Modelling CAP reform and land abandonment in the European Union with a focus on Germany
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increasing integration of agriculture in the energy sector has led to a vivid debate about induced land-use change in Europe and elsewhere. Concerns are raised that further reform steps of the Common Agriculture Policy or a WTO compromise might lead to land abandonment in marginal regions of Europe. Quantitative analysis of these questions requires simultaneously looking at price and quantities changes in agricultural markets and the related changes in agricultural land use. In order to capture the essential mechanism of land dynamics while drawing on existing work in that field both regarding methodology and parameterization, an existing agricultural sector model (CAPRI) was augmented with a three tier land allocation model with separability between tiers. The three tier land supply and transformation system makes it possible to simulate land leaving (and entering) agriculture as well as the transformation between arable and grass land in response to relative price changes. The augmented model is linked with the spatial model Dyna-CLUE, which disaggregates results to square kilometres, we attempt to identify the particular regions of Germany that are particularly sensitive to agricultural land abandonment. Two scenarios are analysed. In the first scenario, the entire "first pillar", containing the single farm payments, is abolished. The second scenario represents a successful new world trade agreement (Doha round) similar to the recent proposals by the EU
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