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| 2. |
- Bask, Mikael, et al.
(author)
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Market power in the expanding Nordic power market
- 2011
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In: Applied Economics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0003-6846 .- 1466-4283. ; 43:9, s. 1035-1043
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examine if the Nordic power market, Nord Pool, has been competitive or if electricity suppliers have had market power. Specifically, since the evolution from national markets to a multi-national and largely deregulated power market has taken place stepwise, we also examine how the degree of market power has evolved during this integration process. The Bresnahan-Lau method together with weekly data during 1996-2004 are used in the analysis, which shows that electricity suppliers have had small, but statistically significant, market power, but that the market power has been reduced as the Nord Pool area has expanded
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| 3. |
- Granlund, David, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Consumer information and pharmaceutical prices : theory and evidence
- 2011
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In: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics. - : John Wiley & Sons Ltd. - 0305-9049 .- 1468-0084. ; 73:2, s. 230-254
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, the impact of increased consumer information on brand name and generic pharmaceutical prices is analyzed both theoretically and empirically. The theoretical results show that an increase in information is likely to reduce the price of brand name pharmaceuticals, while the results regarding generics are less clear. In the empirical part of the paper, the introduction of the substitution reform in the Swedish pharmaceuticals market in October 2002 is used as a natural experiment regarding the effects of increased consumer information on pharmaceutical prices. The results clearly show that the reform has lowered the price of both brand name- and generic pharmaceuticals
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| 4. |
- Granlund, David, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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Does increased price competition reduce entry of new pharmaceutical products?
- 2011
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In: Advances in Management and Applied Economics. - : International Scientific Press. - 1792-7544 .- 1792-7552. ; 1:1, s. 1-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In October 2002, a substitution reform was introduced in the Swedish pharmaceuticals market. In this paper, the effects of increased price competition due to the reform on the entry of new pharmaceutical products were studied. The results show that the reform did affect the entry behavior of generic manufacturers as they became more prone to enter new package sizes into the market after the reform, but also that there is considerable heterogeneity in entry behavior between different ATC-code groups for both brand name and generic products.
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| 5. |
- Hellström, Jörgen, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Uncertainty in the generic versus brand name prescription decision
- 2010
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In: Empirical Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0377-7332 .- 1435-8921. ; 38:3, s. 503-521
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyzes the impact of uncertainty concerning product qualityof generic drugs on the substitution behavior of prescribing physicians. It is shown thatuncertainty about the generic drug quality gives the physician a value of waiting formore information before switching to the generic version. In addition, it is shown thatreducing the approval requirements for generic drugs, thereby increasing uncertaintyabout quality, may discourage physicians from prescribing such drugs. An empiricalstudy testing the theoretical predictions is presented at the end of the paper.
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| 6. |
- Rudholm, Niklas, et al.
(author)
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Does Competition Increase Economic Efficiency in Swedish County Councils?
- 2011
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In: Advances in Management and Applied Economics. - : International Scientific Press. - 1792-7544 .- 1792-7552. ; 1:2, s. 77-91
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Swedish health care system is to a large extent publicly managed by 21 local county councils. During recent years there has been a movement were local county councils have opted to allow more of the production to be performed by alternative producers (i.e., private firms, cooperatives etc.). The purpose of this paper is thus to study if local county councils who has a large proportion of health care performed by alternative producers are more economically efficient than other county councils. The results indicate that county councils with more alternative caregivers are supplying their services more efficiently.
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