| 1. |
- Hedegaard, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Gendered communicative construction of patients in consultation settings
- 2014
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Ingår i: Women & health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0363-0242 .- 1541-0331. ; 54:6, s. 513-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to explore the communication in consultations between patients and health care staff from a gender perspective. We used 23 tape-recorded consultations between patients with Atrial Fibrillation and 5 nurses and 5 physicians at cardiac outpatient clinics at 6 different hospitals in southern Sweden during autumn 2009 to explore the verbal gendered constructions of patients. Through critical discourse analysis, we revealed that the male patients tended to describe their ailments with performance-oriented statements, whereas the female patients usually used emotional-oriented statements. The staff downplayed the male patients' questions and statements, while they acknowledged concern toward the female patients. Both the patients and the staff made conclusions according to a mutual construction. Male patients were constructed as competent, and female patients as fragile through gender-stereotypical communication. Open-ended statements and questions enabled consultations to be less limited by gender stereotypes.
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| 2. |
- Aronsson, Håkan, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Managing health care decisions and improvement through simulation modeling
- 2011
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Ingår i: Quality Management in Health Care. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1063-8628 .- 1550-5154. ; 20:1, s. 15-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simulation modeling is a way to test changes in a computerized environment to give ideas for improvements before implementation. This article reviews research literature on simulation modeling as support for health care decision making. The aim is to investigate the experience and potential value of such decision support and quality of articles retrieved. A literature search was conducted, and the selection criteria yielded 59 articles derived from diverse applications and methods. Most met the stated research-quality criteria. This review identified how simulation can facilitate decision making and that it may induce learning. Furthermore, simulation offers immediate feedback about proposed changes, allows analysis of scenarios, and promotes communication on building a shared system view and understanding of how a complex system works. However, only 14 of the 59 articles reported on implementation experiences, including how decision making was supported. On the basis of these articles, we proposed steps essential for the success of simulation projects, not just in the computer, but also in clinical reality. We also presented a novel concept combining simulation modeling with the established plan-do-study-act cycle for improvement. Future scientific inquiries concerning implementation, impact, and the value for health care management are needed to realize the full potential of simulation modeling.
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| 3. |
- Lokatt, Erika, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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An interprofessional perspective on healthcare work : physicians and nurses co-constructing identities and spaces of action
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Management and Organization. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1833-3672 .- 1839-3527. ; 29:6, s. 1103-1119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we develop a theoretical perspective of how professional identities in multi-professional organisational settings are co-constructed in daily interactions. The research reported here is located in a healthcare context where overlapping knowledge bases, unclear divisions of responsibilities, and an increased managerialist emphasis on teamwork make interprofessional boundaries in healthcare opera- tions more complex and blurred than ever. We thereby build on a research tradition that recognises the healthcare sector as a negotiated order, specifically studying how professional identities are invoked, constructed, and re-constructed in everyday work interactions. The perspective is employed in an analysis of qualitative data from interviews and participant observation at a large Swedish hospital, in which we find three main processes in the construction of space of action: hierarchical, inclusive, and pseudo-inclu- sive. In most of the interactions, existing inter-professional divides and power relations are sustained, pre- venting developments towards integrated interprofessional teamwork.
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| 4. |
- Hasson, Henna, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study of nursing staff, care recipients' and their relatives' perceptions of quality of older people care
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Older People Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1748-3735 .- 1748-3743. ; 5:1, s. 5-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Comparisons of different stakeholders’ ratings of the quality of older people care can help to drive quality improvement. Aim. The aim was to compare staff, older care recipients’ and their relatives’ quality of care ratings. Design. Cross-sectional questionnaire surveys in 2003 and 2004, using a repeated measures design on an organizational level. Methods. Nursing staff, care recipients and relatives in two older people care organizations were included. The ratings of an overall quality grade, information, activities, general care and staff skills were compared between the respondent groups. Results. Care recipients in both organizations rated the overall quality grade significantly higher than nursing staff and relatives. Staff ratings of the information given to care recipients were significantly more positive than care recipients’ and relatives’ ratings. All three groups gave lowest ratings to the quality of activities offered to care recipients, with lowest ratings from nursing staff. Conclusions. Concurrent measurements of staff, care recipients and relatives’ care quality perceptions can provide a broad evaluation of an organization’s strength and limitations. Relevance to clinical practice. Staff, care recipients’ and relatives’ perceptions can be useful for older people care organizations and decision makers in developing care processes and outcomes of care.
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| 5. |
- Palm, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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A project as a workplace Observations from project managers in four R&D and project-intensive companies
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Project Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0263-7863 .- 1873-4634. ; 33:4, s. 828-838
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Projects and project management work present what would seem to be a paradox. Although business and industrial companies regard projects as strategic vehicles for innovation and growth, it is doubtful whether project managers are seen as a similarly strategic asset, due to their working environment. This article, which is based on interviews conducted at four major Scandinavian companies, describes several empirical cases of a project as a workplace. In line with previous research we observe a challenging and in many cases exposed situation for many project managers. Our main finding is that a considerable part of what makes up a non-sustainable project work environment stems from the imbalance of power that exists between permanent and temporary organisational forms. The article concludes that a process of "deprojectification" of project employees, i.e. making the distinction between line and project work less distinct in organisations may actually lead to more sustainable project work.
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| 6. |
- Wikström, Ewa, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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The Safe Hands Study: Implementing aseptic techniques in the operating room : Facilitating mechanisms for contextual negotiation and collective action
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Infection Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 0196-6553 .- 1527-3296. ; 47:3, s. 251-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Even though hand hygiene and aseptic techniques are essential to provide safe care in the operating room, several studies have found a lack of successful implementation. The aim of this study was to describe facilitative mechanisms supporting the implementation of hand hygiene and aseptic techniques.METHODS: This study was set in a large operating room suite in a Swedish university hospital. The theory-driven implementation process was informed by the literature on organizational change and dialogue. Data were collected using interviews and participant observations and analyzed using a thematic approach. The normalization process theory served as a frame of interpretation during the analysis.RESULTS: Three facilitating mechanisms were identified: (1) commitment through a sense of urgency, requiring extensive communication between the managers, operating room professionals, and facilitators in building commitment to change and putting the issues on the agenda; (2) dialogue for co-creation, increasing and sustaining commitment and resource mobilization; and (3) tailored management support, including helping managers to develop their leadership role, progressively involving staff, and retaining focus during the implementation process.CONCLUSIONS: The facilitating mechanisms can be used in organizing implementation processes. Putting the emphasis on help and support to managers seems to be a crucial condition in complex implementation processes, from preparation of the change process to stabilization of the new practice.
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| 7. |
- Hasson, Henna, et al.
(författare)
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Shared or different realities : Self-other agreement on constructive and passive leadership and employee outcomes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Leadership & Organization Development Journal. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0143-7739 .- 1472-5347. ; 41:1, s. 37-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the consequences of self-other agreement (SOA) between leaders and subordinates on constructive and passive leadership behaviors for employee well-being, performance and perception of learning climate.Design/methodology/approach: Questionnaire ratings of 76 leaders and 211 subordinates in a forest industrial company on full-range leadership and subordinate ratings of well-being, work performance and learning climate have been used in this paper. The data were analyzed using polynomial regression with response surface analysis.Findings: SOA on constructive leadership (transformational leadership and contingent reward) was related to subordinates' perception of a positive learning climate. SOA on passive leadership (management-by-exception passive) reduced subordinates' performance, while disagreement reduced their well-being.Practical implications: It is important to give leaders feedback on their own and their subordinates’ ratings of not only constructive leadership behaviors but also passive behaviors.Originality/value: The study demonstrates how SOA on leaders' constructive and passive leadership behaviors impacts employees' well-being, performance and work climate.
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| 8. |
- Erickson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Spatially resolved clonal copy number alterations in benign and malignant tissue
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 608:7922, s. 360-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defining the transition from benign to malignant tissue is fundamental to improving early diagnosis of cancer1. Here we use a systematic approach to study spatial genome integrity in situ and describe previously unidentified clonal relationships. We used spatially resolved transcriptomics2 to infer spatial copy number variations in >120,000 regions across multiple organs, in benign and malignant tissues. We demonstrate that genome-wide copy number variation reveals distinct clonal patterns within tumours and in nearby benign tissue using an organ-wide approach focused on the prostate. Our results suggest a model for how genomic instability arises in histologically benign tissue that may represent early events in cancer evolution. We highlight the power of capturing the molecular and spatial continuums in a tissue context and challenge the rationale for treatment paradigms, including focal therapy.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Anna S., et al.
(författare)
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Transfer of Academic Research - Uncovering the Grey Zone
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Technology Transfer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0892-9912 .- 1573-7047. ; 35:6, s. 617-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we respond to calls for further investigation on why and how scientists choose to commercialize their research. Mowery (University entrepreneurship and technology transfer: process design, and intellectual property, Elsevier, Oxford 2005), in his criticism of the US-system, emphasizes the need for multiple channels between university and industry. His argument makes the case of Sweden interesting, where the researchers own the intellectual property of their research. Sweden thus constitutes a unique case where data can be found on which choices researchers make in a setting where a variety of channels for transfer are available. Our empirical data, collected through case studies, allowed for the expansion of the typology for mechanisms for transfer of academic research as well as the development of a typology for determinants for researchers' choice to engage in transfer of research. Apart from those contributions to the theoretic discussion, the data also provided policy implications.
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| 10. |
- Tamás, Éva, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation educators in clinical work : the manager's perspective
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Organization & Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 34:2, s. 181-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Information is scarce on healthcare managers' understanding of simulation educators' impact on clinical work. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore healthcare managers' perceptions of the significance of clinically active simulation educators for the organisation.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Healthcare managers were invited to be interviewed in a semi-structured manner. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify and analyse patterns of notions describing the managers' perceptions of simulation educators' impact as co-workers on their healthcare organisations.FINDINGS: The identified relevant themes for the healthcare unit were: (1) value for the manager, (2) value for the community and (3) boundaries. Simulation educators were perceived to be valuable gatekeepers of evidence-based knowledge and partners in leadership for educational issues. Their most prominent value for the community was establishing a reflective climate, facilitating open communication and thereby improving the efficacy of teamwork. Local tradition, economy, logistics and staffing of the unit during simulation training were suggested to have possible negative impacts on simulation educators' work.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings might have implications for the implementation and support of simulation training programs.SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS: Healthcare managers appreciated both the personal value of simulation educators and the effect of their work for their own unit. Local values were prioritised versus global. Simulation training was valued as an educational tool for continual professional development, although during the interviews, the managers did not indicate the importance of employment of pedagogically competent and experienced staff.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study provided new insights about how simulation educators as team members affect clinical practice.
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