| 1. |
- Henning, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Trends and cycles in regional economic growth: How spatial differences shaped the Swedish growth experience from 1860–2009
- 2011
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Ingår i: Explorations in Economic History. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4983. ; 48:4, s. 538-555
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a novel dataset of regional GDP per worker from 1860 to 2009, this paper analyzes communalities in regional long-term growth trajectories for 24 Swedish regions. Wavelet Analysis and Principal Component Analysis are used to decompose regional growth trajectories and assess the extent that regional growth patterns share common trends and cyclical properties. The study found that regional growth trends show strong common features among groups of regions in Sweden. Natural-resource-rich regions benefited from the First Industrial Revolution. Contrary to regional development in many other European economies, a growth surge in Sweden later benefited virtually the whole country during the Second Industrial Revolution. The countrywide trend of growth slowed in the 1970s when the metropolitan regions became the main growth engines. In mid- and short-term cyclical movements, regions display more heterogeneous growth patterns, and we find evidence of mid-term, sequential lead–lag patterns in regional growth, especially between urban cores and the periphery.
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| 2. |
- Henning, Martin, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Urban-rural population changes and spatial inequalities in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Regional Science Policy and Practice. - : Wiley. - 1757-7802. ; 15:4, s. 878-892
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper documents regional population changes in Sweden since 1860 and investigates how these changes link to regional economic development (regional GDP). We combine long-term decade population data for the historical counties (1860-2020) with detailed annual population observations for municipalities (1968-2021). As industrialization picked up speed, this benefited regions all around the country in terms of production, at the same time as regional population patterns started to diverge. After a slowdown in the regional GDP convergence processes during the low-growth period of the 1980s, 'double divergence,' in both population and regional GDP per capita, has characterized Swedish growth patterns since the 1990s.
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| 3. |
- Enflo, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Relative Sources of European Regional Productivity Convergence: A Bootstrap Frontier Approach
- 2009
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Ingår i: Regional Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1360-0591 .- 0034-3404. ; 42:10, s. 643-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enflo K. and Hjertstrand P. Relative sources of European regional productivity convergence: a bootstrap frontier approach, Regional Studies. This paper addresses the issue of Western European regional productivity growth and convergence by means of data envelopment analysis (DEA), decomposing labour productivity into efficiency change, technical change and capital accumulation. The decomposition shows that most regions have fallen behind the production frontier in efficiency and that capital accumulation has had a diverging effect on the labour productivity distribution. Using bootstrapping methods, the paper also accounts for the inherent bias and the stochastic elements in the efficiency estimation. It is found that the relative ranking of the efficiency scores remains stable after the bias correction, even after controlling for spatially correlated measurement errors, and that the DEA successfully identifies the regions on the production frontier as significantly more efficient than other regions.
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| 4. |
- Molinder, Jakob, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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More Power to the People : Electricity Adoption, Technological Change, and Labor Conflict
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic History. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0022-0507 .- 1471-6372. ; 81:2, s. 481-512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Will technical change spur conflicts in the labor market? In this study, we examine electricity adoption in Sweden during the first decades of the twentieth century. Exploiting that proximity to hydropowered plants shaped the electricity network independently of previous local conditions, we estimate the impact of electricity on labor strikes. Our results indicate that electricity adoption preceded an increase in conflicts, but strikes were of an offensive nature and most common in sectors with increasing labor demand. This suggests that electrification provided workers with a stronger bargaining position from which they could voice their claims.
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| 5. |
- Svensson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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2023 års ekonomipris till Claudia Goldin
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; 51:8, s. 38-45
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien har beslutat dela ut årets ekonomipris till Claudia Goldin (verksam vid Harvard University) ”för att ha förbättrat vår förståelse av kvinnors arbetsmarknadsutfall”. Hon var först med att ge en helhetsbild av kvinnors inkomster och deltagande på arbetsmarknaden genom århundradena. Forskningen belyser drivkrafterna bakom förändringarna och pekar på de huvudsakliga orsakerna till de skillnader mellan könen som kvarstår än i dag.
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| 6. |
- Enflo, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Regional convergence and divergence in Sweden, 1860–2010 : Evidence from Swedish historical regional GDP data
- 2018. - 1
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Ingår i: The Economic Development of Europe's Regions : A Quantitative History since 1900 - A Quantitative History since 1900. - London : Routledge. - 9780415723381 - 9780429449789 ; , s. 291-309
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since industrialization, Sweden has experienced an amazing growth trajectory. In 1850, Sweden was a quite poor and peripheral country, with GDP levels close to the world’s average. One and a half centuries later, Sweden ranks among the richest countries in the world with GDP levels more than three times the world’s average (Schön 2013). Yet apart from a few case studies and some industry studies, little is known about the geographical evolution of Sweden’s growth process. This chapter will fill in the gap by presenting estimates of Swedish regional GDPs for 24 counties corresponding to NUTS 3 regions from 1860 to 2010. Using this data set, we will present descriptive evidence on processes of regional convergence and divergence and discuss some tentative explanations for these patterns.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Blomqvist, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
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Joint Handwritten Text Recognition and Word Classification for Tabular Information Extraction
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 26th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). - 9781665490634 - 9781665490627 ; , s. 1564-1570
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we present a system for extracting tabular information from loosely structured handwritten documents. The system consists of three parts, (i) a u-net like CNN-based method for text detection and segmentation, (ii) a new attention-based method for simultaneous text recognition and classification of word-parts, and (iii) a method for matching the word parts into a tabular structure for each entry. A key contribution is the observation that the new attention-based recognition and classification module makes it possible for improved spatial analysis of the tabular information. The method is evaluated on a unique historical document: The Swedish Wealth Tax of 1571, consisting of 11,453 pages of hand-written tax records. The evaluation shows that the system provides a significant improvement to the state-of-the-art to the problem of tabular extraction from loosely structured historical documents.
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| 9. |
- Berger, Thor, et al.
(författare)
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Geographical Location and Urbanization of the Swedish Manufacturing Industry, 1900-1960: Evidence from a New Database
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Economic History Review. - 0358-5522. ; 60:3, s. 290-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article introduces a new database, based on official statistics, of regional manufacturing industries in Sweden. We employ this database to examine the distribution of manufacturing activity across Swedish regions and cities, 1900–1960. Over this period we observe an increasing concentration of manufacturing activities, reaching a peak around 1940, across the northern, southern and western parts (NUTS-I areas) of Sweden. Over the same period, the North-South divide in terms of manufacturing employment grew larger. Across counties (NUTS-III) and cities we, however, observe two shorter periods of convergence of manufacturing activities, in the early twentieth century and in the post-war period, whereas the inter-war period was characterised by divergence. These developments occurred to the backdrop of the urbanisation of industry in Sweden, as the rural share of manufacturing employment declined from roughly 60 to 25% between 1900 and 1960. We also find that the regional patterns of individual industries over time followed different trajectories, suggesting that that the determinants of industry location differed significantly across industries.
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| 10. |
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