| 1. |
- Webb, Louisa, et al.
(författare)
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Healthy bodies : construction of the body and health in physical education
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sport, Education and Society. - London : Routledge. - 1357-3322 .- 1470-1243. ; 13:4, s. 353-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In physical education, bodies are not only moved but made. There are perceived expectations for bodies in physical education to be ‘healthy bodies’*for teachers to be ‘appropriate’ physical, fit, healthy and skilful ‘role models’ and for students to display a slim body that is equated with fitness and health. In teachers’ monitoring of students with the intention of regulating health behaviour, however, the surveillance of students’ bodies and associated assumptions about health practices are implicated in the (re)production of the ‘cult of the body’. In this paper, we consider issues of embodiment and power in a subject area where the visual and active body is central and we use data from Australian and Swedish schools to analyse the discourses of health and embodiment in physical education. In both Swedish and Australian physical education there were discourses related to a fit healthy body and an at risk healthy body. These discourses also acted through a range of techniques of power, particularly regulation and normalisation.
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| 2. |
- Öhman, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Feel good—be good : subject content and governing processes in physical education
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy. - Abingdon, Oxfordshire : Routledge. - 1740-8989 .- 1742-5786. ; 13:4, s. 365-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In this paper a study of both subject content and governing processes in Swedish physical education is presented. The reason why an analysis of both content and processes is of special interest is that it makes it possible to understand the encounter between the institutional level and the practice of education.Purpose: The purpose of the paper is threefold: (1) to analyse the subject content in physical education through identifying discourses embedded in its practice; (2) to illustrate how the subject content is created/re-created in physical education practice through various governing processes; and (3) to discuss how governing processes also become content through thesocialization of students in terms of becoming a certain type of social citizen.Research design and data collection: The empirical material used is collected in connection with a national evaluation of physical education in Sweden, commissioned by the Swedish Government and the Swedish National Agency for Education. This paper uses local curriculum documents from 72 schools and 15 video-recorded physical education lessons from five schools. A starting point for the methodological framework is discourse theory and the governing perspective developed by Michel Foucault (1978/1991, 1980, 1982/2002). The governing perspective is used as a methodological tool, and we work with two overarching analysis themes: one oriented towards what pupils are governed, in terms of discourses embedded in physical education, and the other how the identified discourses are created/re-created in the practice of physical education. We also use the methodological framework as a tool to discuss how the governing processes also become content—a content of socialization.Findings: The results show that physical exertion and active participation are the main threads that run though the analysed material. In connection with physical exertion and active participation, pupils are also encouraged to cooperate with others and to compete. The content of socialization is primarily directed towards different components of willingness, for example a will to do one’s best and a will to try, where the pupils are expected to be participatory, take responsibility and govern their own actions in the direction of that which is most reasonable.Conclusions: A clear message is communicated in physical education in Sweden—be active and work up a sweat. This is also concerned with fostering good character, i.e. creating correct attitudes and approaches through physical activity—be an active and willing person. Physical education is consequently a place where both political volition and the creation of today’s citizens are staged. It is thus not only physical exertion—the physiological effects of exercise and involvement in sports and physical education—that is in the foreground of the activities we study in physical education. It is also about becoming a certain type of social citizen.
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| 3. |
- Almqvist, Jonas, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Pragmatiska studier av meningsskapande
- 2008
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Ingår i: Utbildning och Demokrati. - 1102-6472 .- 2001-7316. ; 17:3, s. 11-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall aim of the article is to present a pragmatic approach for studies of meaning-making used in the articles of this issue. The approach, which is developed within the SMEDgroup (Studies of Meaning-making in Educational Discourses), mainly builds on the writings of John Dewey, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Michel Foucault. A common ambition for the researchers in SMED is to enable studies and discussions on questions concerning how meanings are made in people’s actions. Another ambition is to carry out these studies beyond assumptions of dualism, essentialism, causality and determinism. In this perspective learning and socialization are viewed in a communicative perspective. We argue in the article that our approach makes it possible, and important, to study meaning-making in action in different kinds of educational practices.
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| 4. |
- Al Fakir, Ida, 1978-
(författare)
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Spotlighted or Hidden in Plain Sight : Consequences of the Post-War Ban on Ethnic Registration in Sweden
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Historical Explorations of Modern Epidemiology. - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783031206702 - 9783031206719 ; , s. 113-133
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1945 census was the last to record ethnicity in Sweden, and in 1973, registering ethnicity became virtually illegal. Swedish population statistics and official health and social registers therefore do not contain information on the ethnic background of the people registered. Exploring socio-medical and epidemiological research in Sweden from the 1940s to the 1980s, the chapter discusses the tension between ethical and legal constraints on the one hand, and the scientific, administrative, and political need for accurate information on minority and ethnic groups on the other. Three alternative research strategies to substitute for the lack of data on ethnicity are identified: using alternative but related categories such as nationality, country of birth, or immigrant status; “reading ethnicity” from pre-existing data collections; and conducting time-consuming and costly special studies designed to enable researchers to bypass the proscription of ethnic registration. These strategies have produced new epidemiological and socio-medical understandings concerning ethnicity and health/disease. However, as certain groups and categories have been statistically more available or visible in society than others, an uneven body of knowledge has evolved. In effect, some minorities have been spotlighted while others have remained hidden in plain sight.
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| 5. |
- Hemmingsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of social support intensity on walking in the severely obese : a randomized clinical trial
- 2008
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Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381 .- 1930-739X. ; 16:6, s. 1308-1313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: There are few established methods for promoting physical activity (PA) in the severely obese. Because social support is a potential method for promoting PA, we compared mean steps/day during 18 weeks in severely obese outpatients receiving either standard support (SS) or added support (AS). METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Eighty severely obese outpatients from an obesity clinic were invited; 66 provided written consent, 55 were randomized, and 42 were included in final analyses (9 men, 33 women; age 44.4 +/- 13.1 years; BMI 41.9 +/- 5.5 kg/m(2)). All participants received a pedometer and a walking promotion booklet. In addition to SS, the AS group received ten 2-h group counseling sessions aimed at increasing weekly accumulated steps, every second week during the study. Each participant was asked to complete a 7-day walking diary every second week (10 observations). RESULTS: Baseline steps/day was 6,912 for the AS group and 5,311 for the SS group (P = 0.023). Data at 18 weeks showed that the AS group recorded 10,136 steps/day and the SS group 6,118 steps/day (P = 0.024). There was no allocation x time interaction (P = 0.46). During the follow-up period as a whole, the AS group recorded 1,794 more steps/day than the SS group (P = 0.0074). DISCUSSION: The AS group recorded more steps/day than the SS group, reaching a mean level of approximately 10,000 steps/day. However, the nonsignificant interaction between allocation x time suggests that this difference was present already at baseline and did not increase during follow-up.
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| 6. |
- Hemmingsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Is the association between physical activity and body mass index obesity dependent?
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 31:4, s. 663-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Most studies indicate an inverse relationship between physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI). However, the impact of obesity on this relationship is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To scrutinize the BMI/PA relationship by analysing multiple categories of PA from a sample with a wide BMI range. DESIGN: PA was measured with accelerometry for 7 consecutive days during free-living conditions in 85 severely obese outpatients (mean BMI 42.7 kg/m(2) (s.d. 6.1); age 43.0 year (12.6)) and 193 control subjects (24.0 kg/m(2) (3.5); 41.6 year (13.0)). Six categories of PA were calculated from the accelerometer data (min/day of sedentary time, min/day of light PA, min/day of moderate PA, min/day of vigorous PA, activity counts/day and steps/day). Participants were stratified in obese and non-obese subgroups (BMI=30 kg/m(2) as cutoff). Associations between BMI and PA were examined in the total sample, and in subgroups. The impact of sex and age on the BMI/PA association was tested. RESULTS: In the total sample, the association between BMI and PA was significant in all PA categories except for time spent sedentary (P=0.68). However, in subgroup analyses, the association between BMI and PA in non-obese was only significant for activity counts/day (r=-0.16, P<0.05) and vigorous intensity PA (r=-0.15, P=0.05). After adjustment for age, vigorous PA remained significantly associated with BMI in the non-obese (r=-0.17, P<0.05). In obese individuals, significant associations between BMI and PA were found for all six PA categories (age adjusted), sedentary time (r=0.26, P=0.05), light PA (r=-0.30, P<0.01), moderate PA (r=-0.35, P<0.01), vigorous PA (r=-0.39, P<0.001), activity counts/day (r=-0.50, P<0.001) and steps/day (r=-0.54, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The association between PA and BMI was weak in non-obese individuals. In contrast, BMI was highly significantly associated with PA in obese individuals. Longitudinal studies are needed to tease out the direction of association between PA and BMI across BMI categories, as the cross-sectional associations seem to be dependent on obesity status.
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| 7. |
- Nyberg, Gisela, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity in children measured by accelerometry : stability over time
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - Oxford : Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 19, s. 30-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the stability of objectively measured physical activity in Swedish children and to study variables that predicted physical activity and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) at follow-up. A total of 97 children provided valid repeated measurements of physical activity between 2002 and 2005. The children were on average 7.5 years at baseline (SD+/-0.92) and 9 years at follow-up (SD+/-0.92). The mean follow-up time was approximately 1.5 years (mean 558 days, SD+/-224). An accelerometer (Actiwatch, Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd., Cambridge, UK) was used to measure physical activity during 7 consecutive days. Yearly weight and height were examined and BMI SDS was calculated. Baseline physical activity was significantly correlated with physical activity at follow-up (r=0.59) with a stronger correlation for boys (r=0.72) than for girls (r=0.51). High physical activity levels were more stable (r=0.74) than low physical activity levels (r=0.55). Physical activity at follow-up was explained by physical activity at baseline and season (R(2)=0.46) whereas BMI SDS at follow-up was explained by BMI SDS at baseline and age (R(2)=0.90). The results of this study suggest that physical activity levels are fairly stable in 6-10-year-old children.
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| 8. |
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Sport management. Del 3 : Idrottens marknader och konsumtionskultur
- 2020. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Idrottens landskap förändras. Två tendenser är särskilt tydliga – professionalisering och kommersialisering. I den här boken tar vi upp hur dessa tendenser, tillsammans med andra samhällsprocesser som urbanisering och starkare miljökrav, påverkar idrottens former och dess arenor. Vi beskriver också hur olika tendenser förändrar yrkesroller inom idrotten och hur idrottens kulturella kontexter uppstår i nya skepnader. Inte minst blir vinstinriktade inslag tydligare, ibland parallellt med att värdesystem förändras.Sport management handlar om att finansiera, planera, organisera, leda, marknadsföra och utvärdera idrott. Sedan femton år tillbaka finns universitetsutbildningar som tar det här kunskaps- och forskningsområdet på största allvar. De flesta författarna i den här boken har varit med och byggt upp dessa utbildningar. De har också forskat och undervisat inom området och på så vis bidragit till fältets expansion och vetenskaplighet såväl i Sverige som internationellt.Boken är den tredje i en serie om tre böcker om sport management i Sverige. Det är den tredje aktuella boken om sport management på svenska. Det är också den tredje boken som tar utgångspunkt i svenska förhållanden. För professionella inom idrottens administrativa värld och för förtroendevalda inom idrottens organisationer är det här en oumbärlig bok. Den ger bland annat svar på frågorna: Hur hänger medier och marknad ihop inom idrotten? Vad har idrott för betydelse för landskap av olika slag? Hur har idrottens yrken förändrats på senare tid? Hur uppstår nya idrotter och nya konsumtionsmönster? Hur kommer idrotten att ta sig uttryck i framtiden?[Text från förlaget]
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| 9. |
- Almqvist, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Pragmatic investigation : studies of meaning-making in educational practices
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The overall aim of this paper is to present and discuss a pragmatic approach for studies of meaning-making in different educational practices. The approach – built on a framework developed within the SMED-group (Studies of Meaning-making in Educational Discourses) at the universities of Uppsala and Örebro – is illustrated in a number of empirical studies. The main point of departure in the studies is taken in pragmatic curriculum theory and sociocultural perspectives on learning, and is inspired mainly by John Dewey, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Michel Foucault. A special focus is directed to communication practices and content selection within Physical education, Environmental education and Science education. A common ambition is to offer a language that enables studies and discussions on questions concerning how meanings are made in people’s actions. Another ambition is to make these investigations beyond assumptions of dualisms, essentialism, causality and determinism. In this perspective learning and socialisation is viewed in communicative perspective. Therefore, many of the studies are built on video recorded classroom conversations, but also on analysis of various kinds of written texts. We argue in the paper that this approach makes it possible to study meaning-making – learning and socialisation – in different kinds of educational practices.
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| 10. |
- Almqvist, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Tema: Didaktiska undersökningar
- 2008
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Ingår i: Utbildning och Demokrati. - 1102-6472 .- 2001-7316. ; 17:3, s. 5-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- En presentation av det didaktiska angreppssättet som ligger till grund för temat Didaktiska undersökningar i Utbildning och demokrati nr 3, 2008.
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