| 1. |
- Barthel, Stephan, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Global urbanization and food production in direct competition for land : Leverage places to mitigate impacts on SDG2 and on the Earth System
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Anthropocene Review. - : SAGE Publications. - 2053-0196 .- 2053-020X. ; 6:1-2, s. 71-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global urbanization and food production are in direct competition for land. This paper carries outa critical review of how displacing crop production from urban and peri-urban land to other areas– because of issues related to soil quality – will demand a substantially larger proportion of theEarth’s terrestrial land surface than the surface area lost to urban encroachment. Such relationshipsmay trigger further distancing effects and unfair social-ecological teleconnections. It risks also settingin motion amplifying effects within the Earth System. In combination, such multiple stressors set thescene for food riots in cities of the Global South. Our review identifies viable leverage points on whichto act in order to navigate urban expansion away from fertile croplands. We first elaborate on thepolitical complexities in declaring urban and peri-urban lands with fertile soils as one global commons.We find that the combination of an advisory global policy aligned with regional policies enablingrobust common properties rights for bottom-up actors and movements in urban and peri-urbanagriculture (UPA) as multi-level leverage places to intervene. To substantiate the ability of aligningglobal advisory policy with regional planning, we review both past and contemporary examples whereempowering local social-ecological UPA practices and circular economies have had a stimulatingeffect on urban resilience and helped preserve, restore, and maintain urban lands with healthy soils.
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| 2. |
- Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Peri-Urban Food Production and Its Relation to Urban Resilience
- 2016
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 8:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Food production on the urban-rural fringe is under pressure due to competing land uses. We discuss the potential to improve resilience for urban-rural regions by enhancing food production as part of multifunctional land use. Through studies of peri-urban land in the regions of Gothenburg (Sweden), Copenhagen (Denmark) and Gent (Belgium), recent developments are analysed. Arable farming has been declining since 2000 in all three areas due to urban expansion and recreational land use changes. In city plans, networks of protected areas and green spaces and their importance for human wellbeing have been acknowledged. Policies for farmland preservation in peri-urban settings exist, but strategies for local food production are not expressed in present planning documents. Among the diversity of peri-urban agricultural activities, peri-urban food production is a developing issue. However, the competing forms of land use and the continuing high dependence of urban food on global food systems and related resource flows reduces peri-urban food production and improvements in urban food security. The positive effects of local food production need to be supported by governance aiming to improve the urban-rural relationship. The paper discusses the resilience potential of connecting urban-rural regions and re-coupling agriculture to regional food production.
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| 3. |
- Scaini, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Pathways from research to sustainable development: Insights from ten research projects in sustainability and resilience
- 2024
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Ingår i: AMBIO. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on collective experience from ten collaborative research projects focused on the Global South, we identify three major challenges that impede the translation of research on sustainability and resilience into better-informed choices by individuals and policy-makers that in turn can support transformation to a sustainable future. The three challenges comprise: (i) converting knowledge produced during research projects into successful knowledge application; (ii) scaling up knowledge in time when research projects are short-term and potential impacts are long-term; and (iii) scaling up knowledge across space, from local research sites to larger-scale or even global impact. Some potential pathways for funding agencies to overcome these challenges include providing targeted prolonged funding for dissemination and outreach, and facilitating collaboration and coordination across different sites, research teams, and partner organizations. By systematically documenting these challenges, we hope to pave the way for further innovations in the research cycle.
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| 4. |
- Rodriguez Morales, Jorge Ernesto, 1974-
(författare)
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The agrarian regime and the political economy of vulnerability in Uruguay
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study I address the political economy of vulnerability and adaptation to climate variability in the Uruguayan livestock sector. The research paper contextualizes vulnerability and adaptation pathways within wider governance structures running the agricultural sector. I address how vulnerability is historically shaped by wider processes of agrarian structural change observed during the last decades. I use a political economy perspective and an historical institutionalist methodology to explore changes and continuities in the ideas, institutions, and interests. This triumvirate rationalizes the agricultural regime. From this approach, the analysis of vulnerability to climate variability is situated within the context of agricultural governance. An empirical analysis of the agricultural regime is used to examine the role of ideas, institutions, and interests in the structuration of the sector. The study compares two different periods of agricultural governance which in theory are characterized by sharp ideological differences: the neoliberal and neo-structural periods. This comparative analysis reveals how the structuration of the agricultural regime overwhelms the capacity of different governments to tackle the root causes of vulnerability in the livestock sector. The inquiry reveals the politico-economic roots of vulnerability and how the sedimented structure of the agricultural regime constrains transformative adaptation strategies to climate variability and change in the agrarian sector of Uruguay. The capacity of the agricultural regime to constrain transformative changes tackling the roots of vulnerability transcends the colors and the political capacity of the governments in control.
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| 5. |
- Bremberg, Niklas, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Global Responses to Climate Security : Discourses, Institutions and Actions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Peacebuilding and Development. - : Sage Publications. - 1542-3166 .- 2165-7440. ; 17:3, s. 341-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research suggests that International Organizations (IOs) are getting more involved in efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate-related security risks in different parts of the world. However, there is still a limited understanding of how discourse and action on climate security develop and diffuse in and across different institutional settings in various policy fields and geographical contexts. This article aims to contribute to advancing the research agenda by outlining an analytical framework that helps structure comparison across IOs along three key dimensions: (a) discursive framing; (b) institutional design; and (c) policy actions. To illustrate how the framework can be used in empirical analyses the article discusses findings from previous research. This is not only relevant to highlight the framework’s analytical usefulness as it also shows the relevance of these research findings for practitioners and decision-makers engaged in efforts to enhance the role of IOs in global governance of climate security—and across the humanitarian-development-peacebuilding nexus.
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| 6. |
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Legitimacy in global governance : sources, processes, and consequences
- 2018
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Legitimacy is central for the capacity of global governance institutions to address problems such as climate change, trade protectionism, and human rights abuses. However, despite legitimacy’s importance for global governance, its workings remain poorly understood. That is the core concern of this volume: to develop an agenda for systematic and comparative research on legitimacy in global governance. In complementary fashion, the chapters address different aspects of the overarching question: whether, why, how, and with what consequences global governance institutions gain, sustain, and lose legitimacy. The volume makes four specific contributions. First, it argues for a sociological approach to legitimacy, centered on perceptions of legitimate global governance among affected audiences. Second, it moves beyond the traditional focus on states as the principal audience for legitimacy in global governance and considers a full spectrum of actors from governments to citizens. Third, it advocates a comparative approach to the study of legitimacy in global governance, and suggests strategies for comparison across institutions, issue areas, countries, societal groups, and time. Fourth, the volume offers the most comprehensive treatment so far of the sociological legitimacy of global governance, covering three broad analytical themes: (1) sources of legitimacy, (2) processes of legitimation and delegitimation, and (3) consequences of legitimacy.
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| 7. |
- Rodríguez-Morales, Jorge E., 1974-
(författare)
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Development pathways and the political economy of maladaptation. The case of bioenergy as a climate strategy in Brazil
- 2024
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Ingår i: Studies in comparative international development. - : Springer. - 0039-3606 .- 1936-6167.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although it is well known that large-scale bioenergy expansion erodes different environmental, social, and economic dimensions of sustainable development, in countries like Brazil, bioenergy is institutionalized as a flagship climate strategy aimed to cut down CO2 emissions in transport. These trade-offs have serious implications for climate change governance and sustainable development; however, conventional approaches have not yet properly explained this seeming paradox. This article addresses this gap from a critical development pathways approach to bioenergy as a maladaptive strategy in Brazil. I propose an analytical framework to observe how different ideas, interests, and institutions interplay in the historical institutionalization of bioenergy as a climate strategy. The analysis shows that bioenergy institutionalization has been driven by the endemic economic crisis in the sugar sector and governmental interests associated with security and developmental imperatives. The unsustainable co-evolution of development pathways and bioenergy, marked by deforestation, land colonization, and agricultural expansion, has narrowed the adaptation space in agriculture, gearing current climate policy towards path-dependent maladaptive strategies like bioenergy. Paradoxically, framing bioenergy as a climate strategy has been useful to justify more expansive policies in favor of the sugarcane industry, and to greenwash the Brazilian climate policy in the international arena of climate governance.
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| 8. |
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Internationella relationer : könskritiska perspektiv
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Internationella relationer är en introduktion till genusanalytiska frågeställningar och tolkningar av den internationella ordningen. Boken belyser vikten av könskritiska perspektiv på internationella relationer och ger exempel på skilda sätt att förstå och förklara den internationella ordningens betydelser för människors liv i olika delar av världen. Här ställs frågor om hur globalisering och konflikter samspelar med föreställningar om manligt och kvinnligt. Författarna analyserar och diskuterar könskodade maktstrukturer och ojämlik resursfördelning - både lokalt och globalt. Med utgångspunkt i IR-fältets klassiska temaindelningar lyfter artiklarna fram nya perspektiv och problem, vilket vidgar och fördjupar förståelsen av fältet, såväl vetenskapligt som politiskt. Internationella relationer - könskritiska perspektiv vänder sig till studenter i internationella relationer och angränsande ämnen, men också till andra som är intresserade av könskritiska tolkningar av hur den internationella ordningen fungerar.
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| 9. |
- Rodriguez Morales, Jorge Ernesto, 1974-
(författare)
-
The agrarian regime and the political economy of vulnerability in Uruguay
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study I address the political economy of vulnerability and adaptation to climate variability in the Uruguayan livestock sector. The research paper contextualizes vulnerability and adaptation pathways within wider governance structures running the agricultural sector. I address how vulnerability is historically shaped by wider processes of agrarian structural change observed during the last decades. I use a political economy perspective and an historical institutionalist methodology to explore changes and continuities in the ideas, institutions, and interests. This triumvirate rationalizes the agricultural regime. From this approach, the analysis of vulnerability to climate variability is situated within the context of agricultural governance. An empirical analysis of the agricultural regime is used to examine the role of ideas, institutions, and interests in the structuration of the sector. The study compares two different periods of agricultural governance which in theory are characterized by sharp ideological differences: the neoliberal and neo-structural periods. This comparative analysis reveals how the structuration of the agricultural regime overwhelms the capacity of different governments to tackle the root causes of vulnerability in the livestock sector. The inquiry reveals the politico-economic roots of vulnerability and how the sedimented structure of the agricultural regime constrains transformative adaptation strategies to climate variability and change in the agrarian sector of Uruguay. The capacity of the agricultural regime to constrain transformative changes tackling the roots of vulnerability transcends the colors and the political capacity of the governments in control.
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| 10. |
- Sahlin, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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The 'Milky Way' of intermediary organizations : A transnational field of university governance
- 2015
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Ingår i: Policy and politics (Print). - : Policy Press. - 0305-5736 .- 1470-8442. ; 43:3, s. 407-427
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on transnational intermediary organizations in higher education and research. We conceive of intermediaries as organizations that are actively involved in transnational university governance without having formal access to or control over policy or governmental funding. Such intermediary organizations have in previous research been shown to play central roles in the development and circulation of new themes and ideas for how to manage universities and measure university performance. Intermediaries link different types of actors and act as translators of global themes. In this respect, they are decisive in policy formulation. While the expansion of such transnational intermediaries is well documented in earlier research, we know little about who they are and how they interact. The article is the first to map transnational intermediaries concerned with higher education and research, as well as their linkages with each other. Through an original web-crawling technique, we identify a large number of transnational intermediaries that are actively linked to each other. These intermediaries exhibit a dense and stretched-out pattern with no obvious single center of gravitation. Instead, the field consists of several smaller and clearly distinguished constellations, resembling the structure of the Milky Way. Using these data, we advance two main arguments. First, transnational university intermediaries form an organized field of their own, vouching for their importance for the scaling up of governance networks and the development of collaborative governance arrangements. Second, within this field, there are several clusters where certain intermediaries occupy a more central position in the field than others. In all, this article contributes to the existing literature on governance networks, sketching the consequences of intensified global activities among intermediaries for how new themes and ideas about university management travel and translate, highlighting the significance of intermediary organizations for national university systems and individual universities.
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