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- Muzaka, Valbona, Dr.
(författare)
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Food, Health and the Knowledge Economy : The State and Intellectual Property in India and Brazil
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book opens a window into how two ambitious countries, India and Brazil, are seeking to become knowledge powers in the 21st century. As the knowledge economy became the preferred way of conceptualising the economy and its future direction in the more economically-advanced countries, our search for understanding also followed the same direction, generating a body of work that has neglected countries that, like India and Brazil, are attempting to make the leap into knowledge economies. The book explores these ambitions and the ways in which they have inspired a number of institutional reforms in India and Brazil. It offers an investigation of the role the state in shaping the respective intellectual property systems pertaining to the pharmaceutical and agro-biotechnology sectors and the multiple social conflicts that have unfolded as a result.
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- Muzaka, Valbona, Dr.
(författare)
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A Dialogic Approach to Understanding Regime Conflicts : the case of the WIPO Development Agenda
- 2017
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Ingår i: Third World Quarterly. - : Routledge. - 0143-6597 .- 1360-2241. ; 38:1, s. 61-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the fact that early work on international regimes conceptualised them as dialogic in nature, this fundamental regime property has remained relatively underdeveloped. Drawing on the work of Mikhail Bakhtin and his circle, this article proposes a dialogic framework to understanding regimes and the political struggles that constitute them. Focusing on the contextual and relational properties of signification processes within a regime, one of the key arguments is that neither their dialogic nature, nor the trajectory and outcome of a particular conflict can be understood without giving full attention to language as a power-laden form of action, as praxis. By focusing on how language and discourse are implicated and put to work in a particular instance of regime contestation, namely the Development Agenda proposed by a group of developing countries’ representatives at the World Intellectual Property Organization in 2004, efforts are made not only to bring to the fore the political and ideological nature of the ‘shared understandings’ without which a regime would not exist, but also the manner in which they are reproduced and reinvigorated, even by those acts of resistance that set out to challenge them.
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- Muzaka, Valbona, Dr., et al.
(författare)
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Doha stalemate : The End of Trade Multilateralism?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Review of International Studies. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0260-2105 .- 1469-9044. ; 41:2, s. 383-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article challenges conventional narratives that suggest that the travails in the Doha Round, the shift to bilateral free trade agreements, and the broader unfolding of the global crisis collectively presage the decline of either the WTO or the broader institution of multilateral trade. We question the extent to which recent trends can indeed be said to constitute a genuine crisis of trade multilateralism by reflecting upon the contradictory and ambiguous nature of the multilateralism of the past, and also upon how contemporary multilateralism has been framed with reference to it. Our main finding is that, in contrast to the many short and medium-term symptoms which tend to appear in the conventional story of multilateral decline, there is actually a far more worrying long-term trend which underpins the varied conflicts that characterise contemporary trade politics: the fundamental lack of a shared social purpose between the developed countries and the more powerful emerging countries on which a stable, equitable, and legitimate edifice of multilateral trade rules can be erected, institutionalised, and enhanced.
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| 10. |
- Muzaka, Valbona, Dr.
(författare)
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India and Brazil in pursuit of the competitive knowledge economy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Review of International Studies. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0260-2105 .- 1469-9044. ; 45:2, s. 345-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is twofold: first, it seeks to address the question of why the competitive knowledge economy orientation that emerged in certain economically advanced states as a response to the crisis of Fordism came to be embraced by the Indian and the Brazilian states from the late 1980s onwards. Second, it aims to elucidate the manner in which the goal of becoming competitive knowledge economies has been articulated and implemented locally, especially from the mid-1990s onwards, by key fragments of the Indian and the Brazilian states. Drawing on insights from the competition state, regulation school, knowledge economy literature and that on India and Brazil, attention is paid to the context- and conjuncture-specific domestic and international factors that have contributed not only to the adoption of the competitive knowledge economy orientation, but also to the necessarily distinctive ways in which it found expression in practice in India and Brazil.
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