| 1. |
- Mondino, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring changes in hydrogeological risk awareness and preparedness over time : a case study in northeastern Italy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 65:7, s. 1049-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrogeological hazards are increasingly causing damage worldwide due to climatic and socio-economic changes. Building resilient communities is crucial to reduce potential losses. To this end, one of the first steps is to understand how people perceive potential threats around them. This study aims at exploring how risk awareness of, and preparedness to, face hydrological hazards changes over time. A cohort study was carried out in two villages in the northeastern Italian Alps, Romagnano and Vermiglio, affected by debris flows in 2000 and 2002. Surveys were conducted in 2005 and 2018, and the results compared. The survey data show that both awareness and preparedness decreased over time. We attribute this change to the fact that no event had occurred in a long time and to a lack of proper risk communication strategies. The outcomes of this study contribute to socio-hydrological modelling by providing empirical data on human behaviour dynamics.
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| 2. |
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Katastrofriskreducering: Perspektiv, praktik, potential
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Varför bosätter sig människor på riskfyllda platser? Hur beter sig människor i en katastrof och vilken betydelse har religion, hushåll och försörjning för återhämtning? Lär vi oss av våra kriserfarenheter och vilken roll spelar motivation och kollektiva minnen för detta? Är kapacitetsutveckling, multisektoriell samverkan och övning en hållbar väg mot reducerad katastrofrisk? Dessa är några av de många frågor som denna bok besvarar. Katastrofriskreducering är ett växande område, såväl politiskt som inom forskning och utbildning. Det handlar om att förstå de samhällsprocesser som skapar risk för katastrofer och som påverkar villkoren för organisationer och individer att hantera dem. Denna kunskap kan bidra till att minska exponering och sårbarhet för människor, egendom och miljö och utveckla samhällens, organisationers och enskildas förmåga att reducera risker och hantera katastrofers konsekvenser, vad som på senare tid kallas resiliens. Katastrofriskreducering innehåller både teoretiska kapitel och empiriska fallstudier baserade på aktuell forskning om katastrofriskreducering. Boken ger läsaren en god översikt av detta mångvetenskapliga kunskapsområde, genom att beskriva och problematisera centrala begrepp och perspektiv. Det här är en bok som vänder sig till såväl studenter och forskare som praktiskt verksamma beslutsfattare inom krisberedskap, humanitära insatser och riskhantering på myndigheter, i kommunal verksamhet och i icke-statliga organisationer.
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| 3. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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Broadening the Perspective on Military Cohesion
- 2018
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Ingår i: Armed forces and society. - : Sage Publications. - 0095-327X .- 1556-0848. ; 44:4, s. 571-586
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is difficult to underestimate the importance of cohesion for armed groups or organizations specialized and engaged in organized violence. This article argues that the recent debate on military cohesion has been far too narrow as it focused on Western state militaries during the 20th and 21st centuries, and even then only on the microlevel. It is necessary to broaden the perspective in order to construct theories that encompass even the vast majority of armed groups—the non-Western, nonstate, and nonmodern. This article advocates two ways of doing so: the investigation of cases that belong to these three types and broadening analysis to two new levels of analysis—the meso-level of armed groups and the macro-level, which contains state and society. Cohesion is established through harmonizing these three levels, which necessitates including them in the analysis in the first place.
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| 4. |
- Rudén, Fanny, et al.
(författare)
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Sexual exploitation and abuse by peacekeeping operations in contemporary Africa
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In international peacekeeping operations (PKOs) some individuals are involved in sexual exploitation and abuse of the host country’s population, buying of sexual services and trafficking of prostitutes. Far from being a new phenomenon it goes back a long time, and reports on the issue have increased over the years. All too frequently we read about peacekeepers visiting prostitutes, committing rape, or in other ways sexually exploiting host populations. Some peacekeepers are taking advantage of the power their work gives them, and becoming abusers rather than protectors in situations where the host population is powerless and in dire need of protection. Peacekeepers’ abuse of their mandate is inflicting severe damage on host societies and often results in a number of unintended consequences such as human rights violations, rapid spread of HIV, decreased trust in the UN as well as other international aid agencies, and harmful changes to gender patterns. Women and children, both girls and boys, are especially exposed. Having already suffered from war and instability they risk becoming even more physically and mentally wounded. Peacekeeping operations risk doing more harm than good in African war zones, and if they cannot learn from previous mistakes maybe they ought to stay at home. We do not argue for the latter; rather, we point towards the urgent need to change explicit and implicit patterns and habits in international peacekeeping operations in relation to sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) in Africa. In this Policy Note we focus predominantly on military staff, but acknowledge that the civilian staff of PKOs, and international aid workers, are also implicated. On the other hand it should initially be pointed out that most PKO staff are not sexual exploiters and abusers.
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| 5. |
- Hobbins, Jennifer, 1972-
(författare)
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Collective memories and professional ideals : Teachers’ experiences of a disaster
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. - : Elsevier. - 2212-4209. ; 64, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experienced collectively, disasters are also remembered collectively. Constituting a social glue among affected communities, disaster memories are essential for recovery processes. Focusing on teachers, who became frontline disaster workers, this paper explores how disasters are experienced and managed by a professional group lacking emergency management training. The study draws on in-depth interviews with school teachers about their memories of a forest fire in Sweden in 2014. As residents in, or close by, a small, rural community close to the fire, the teachers experienced the fire both as professionals and as citizens in their roles as family members and neighbours. The paper explores the role of kinship and vicinity of community reflecting the concepts of Therapeutic community and Gemeinschaft to provide a more substantial understanding of the social structures of a small, rural community without previous experiences of a disaster. The second theoretical focus and consequential contribution of the study lies within the teacher's recollections of professionalism, and how such interlinked norms and values remained intact through the disaster. In addition to convergence concerning professional ideals in the teacher collective, there was divergence in the teachers' memories of their performance and how others valued them, outlining how the social context and organizational support structures have tangible impacts on individuals' memories. Findings enable further systematic exploration of post-disaster social structures, training and organizational support, as well as the role of professional ideals, in disaster recovery processes.
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| 6. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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On 'War and Society'
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Perpetrator Research. - : Winchester University Press. - 2514-7897. ; 3:1, s. 252-257
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Review of Miguel A. Centeno and Elaine Enriquez, War & Society (Cambridge: Polity, 2017).
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hobbins, Jennifer, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Unemployment, stigma and self-esteem
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The link between the occupational status and the degree of self-esteem has been elucidated by, above all, social sciences research on unemployment and well-being. The main argument has been that the lower degree of self-esteem the unemployed suffer from is a result of the missing latent functions of work, such as a time structure, regular activities and social contacts. However, the experience of unemployment is not limited to the absence of gainful employment. Emanated in particular from the public discussion regarding unemployed people being lazy and unwilling to work the negative connotations have gained importance in most of the European countries. Hence, unemployment marks a social status that is closely connected to the experience of stigmatization. Using survey data with a large sample of unemployed and employed young people from seven European countries, this paper aims to study to what extent the experience of social stigmatization may explain the interrelation between unemployment and self-esteem. Initially, we will analyse the impact of occupational status on the experience of stigmatization, i.e. the belief in societal prejudice towards the unemployed as well as social and institutional discrimination. In a second step, we will test to what extent the experience of stigmatization may explain the lower degree of self-esteem the unemployed suffer from.
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| 9. |
- Weibull, Louise, 1973-
(författare)
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Post-Deployment Disorientation : The emotional remains of uneventful Peace Support Operations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Res Militaris. - 2265-6294. ; 2:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is widely recognized that participation in high-intensity military missions abroad can result in discomforts, serious health conditions, and psychological consequences for the individual. This article, however, focuses on soldiers' experiences after service in two relatively calm mission areas. It aims to contribute to a discussion of the emotional price soldiers pay even when participating under these circumstances. It argues that although the general view among soldiers is that service abroad is a unique, rewarding and cherished experience, we should further recognize it as an accomplishment that also has other transformative properties. This is often manifested in what is here named 'Post-Deployment Disorientation' (PDD), invoking a different outlook on life and navigation in the social world. This article explores the soldiers' sense-making of this change by adopting an emotion-focused sociological perspective. Confirmation of assumptions made is presented through reference to interviews with 24 Swedish soldiers before, during and after their deployments to Kosovo and Liberia.
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| 10. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(författare)
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Conflict chatnography : Instant messaging apps, social media and conflict ethnography in Ukraine
- 2020
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Ingår i: Ethnography. - : SAGE Publications. - 1466-1381 .- 1741-2714. ; 21:1, s. 71-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social media and instant messaging are fast becoming an integral part of contemporary life, and subsequently of ethnographic research. As ethnography is essentially a process defined by relations between people, this article investigates how online interaction influenced my relationships with the people I studied: Ukrainian volunteer battalions. Framed in a broader context of conflict ethnography, the resulting chatnography made access to informants tremendously easier, and allowed for remote data collection. Chatnography nevertheless exacerbated ethical challenges posed by study of armed conflict. The blending of offline and online also led to despatialization, and the blurring of personal and professional. This questions the traditional notion of the 'field', while more immediately threatening to limit my private life. While not a magic bullet, the convenience of chatnography means that it will be here for years to come. This article offers an attempt to investigate what this entails in practice.
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