| 1. |
- Almgren, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Role of fibre-fibre and fibre-matrix adhesion in stress transfer in composites made from resin-impregnated paper sheets.
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-7496 .- 1879-0127. ; 29:5, s. 551-557
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Paper-reinforced plastics are gaining increased interest as packaging materials, where mechanical properties are of great importance. Strength and stress transfer in paper sheets are controlled by fibre-fibre bonds. In paper-reinforced plastics, where the sheet is impregnated with a polymer resin, other stress-transfer mechanisms may be more important. The influence of fibre-fibre bonds on the strength of paper-reinforced plastics was therefore investigated. Paper sheets with different degrees of fibre-fibre bonding were manufactured and used as reinforcement in a polymeric matrix. Image analysis tools were used to verify that the difference in the degree of fibre-fibre bonding had been preserved in the composite materials. Strength and stiffness of the composites were experimentally determined and showed no correlation to the degree of fibre-fibre bonding, in contrast to the behaviour of unimpregnated paper sheets. The degree of fibre-fibre bonding is therefore believed to have little importance in this type of material, where stress is mainly transferred through the fibre-matrix interface.
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| 2. |
- Olausson, Inger, 1969-
(författare)
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Market gardens in Sweden 1900-1950 with four case studies from Stockholm County
- 2015
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Ingår i: ISHS Acta Horticulturae 1108XXIX International Horticultural Congress on Horticulture: Sustaining Lives, Livelihoods and Landscapes (IHC2014): V International Conference on Landscape and Urban Horticulture and International Symposium on Sustainable Management in the Urban Forest. - : International Society for Horticultural Science. - 9789462611023 ; 1108, s. 123-129
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The links between market gardens and cities were symbiotic until the mid-1900s. In my thesis about market gardens in Sweden 1900-1950, four market gardens in Stockholm County are investigated, trying to find out how different resources and strategies contributed to the businesses competitiveness. Two of the market gardens belonged to mansions with all the staff employed. The other two were established as family businesses by entrepreneurs without employees. Garden products are sensitive to bumps, heat, low temperatures, etc. Due to this, the access to a nearby market was necessary at that time. The development of the trade with garden products was linked to a fast-growing population in the cities, the growing demand for garden products, and the development of the transport sector. From the growing city, gardeners bought horse manure, garbage, or anything that produced heat to the hotbeds when it decomposed. Most of the market gardens were small family businesses situated on small plots. In the 1930s and 1940s in 75% of the businesses a maximum of three people were engaged. The production was both resource-demanding and labour-intensive. The use of hotbeds and greenhouses extended the growing season and made it possible to grow all year around. The gardenerRSQUOs dependence on merchandises increased like an avalanche to beat the growing competition on the market. The import, often of high quality products, was growing very fast and affected the interest for garden products. It forced the domestic horticulture industry to increase the quality and effectiveness of the production.
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| 3. |
- Herrmann, Inga, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling phosphate transport and removal in a compact bed filled with a mineral-based sorbent for domestic wastewater treatment
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-7722 .- 1873-6009. ; 154, s. 70-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phosphorus filter units containing mineral-based sorbents with a high phosphate (PO4) binding capacity have been shown to be appropriate for removing PO4 in the treatment of domestic wastewater in on-site facilities. However, a better understanding of their PO4 removal mechanisms, and reactions that could lead to the formation of PO4 compounds, is required to evaluate the potential utility of candidate sorbents. Models based on data obtained from laboratory-scale experiments with columns of selected materials can be valuable for acquiring such understanding. Thus, in this study the transport and removal of PO4 in experiments with a laboratory-scale column filled with a commercial silicate-based sorbent were modeled, using the hydro-geochemical transport code PHREEQC. The resulting models, that incorporated the dissolution of calcite, kinetic constrains for the dissolution of calcium oxide (CaO) and wollastonite (CaSiO3), and the precipitation of amorphous tricalcium phosphate, Ca3(PO 4)2, successfully simulated the removal of PO4 observed in the experiments.
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| 4. |
- Linder, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Light scattering in fibrous media with different degrees of in-plane fiber alignment
- 2014
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 22:14, s. 16829-16840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fiber orientation is an important structural property in paper and other fibrous materials. In this study we explore the relation between light scattering and in-plane fiber orientation in paper sheets. Light diffusion from a focused light source is simulated using a Monte Carlo technique where parameters describing the paper micro-structure were determined from 3D x-ray computed tomography images. Measurements and simulations on both spatially resolved reflectance and transmittance light scattering patterns show an elliptical shape where the main axis is aligned towards the fiber orientation. Good qualitative agreement was found at low intensities and the results indicate that fiber orientation in thin fiber-based materials can be determined using spatially resolved reflectance or transmittance.
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| 5. |
- Bligård, Lars-Ola, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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CCPE – the use of an analytical method to evaluate safety and ergonomics in maintenance of forest machinery
- 2019
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Ingår i: Australian Forestry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0004-9158 .- 2325-6087. ; 82:1, s. 29-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many of the hazards in forestry are due to the handling of large trees and large machinery in rough terrain and remote areas. Activities such as maintenance and repair work have been identified as especially hazardous in the highly mechanised cut-to-length method. Accidents are underreported, which emphasises the need for a systematic approach for accident prevention. A possible procedure is the use of an analytical evaluation method to identify presumptive hazardous situations and ergonomic issues before accidents can occur. Safety-critical sectors such as nuclear power and health care have invested many resources in these types of methods. The aim of this paper is to put one of those methods to test in a forestry context in a study evaluating maintenance of forest machinery. A framework for evaluation, Combined Cognitive and Physical Evaluation, known as CCPE, was selected and adapted for the study. The evaluation was successful in systematically predicting what could happen in hazardous situations with regard to use error and ergonomic issues.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Leif, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Backscatter signatures of wind-thrown forest in satellite SAR images
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). - 2153-6996 .- 2153-7003. - 9781467311588 ; , s. 6435-6438
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two field experiments have been conducted in Sweden to allow an evaluation of the backscatter signatures of wind-thrown forest from L-band, C-band and X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar. When the trees are felled the backscattered signal from TerraSAR-X (X-band) increase with about 1.5 dB, while for ALOS PALSAR (L-band) a decrease with the same amount is observed. Radar images with fine spatial resolution also show shadowing effects that should be possible to use for identification of storm felled forest.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Segerström, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Clarifying sub-processes in continuous ring die pelletizing through die temperature control
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fuel Processing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-3820 .- 1873-7188. ; 123, s. 122-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pilot scale pelletizer with a custom-made die temperature control system was used for pelletizing of a typical Nordic softwood blend in an experimental design where die temperature, moisture content, and steam conditioning were varied independently. Steam conditioning, expressed as material temperature, showed a strong negative correlation with the pelletizer motor current, but had no significant effect on other responses. Die temperature was negatively correlated to bulk density and durability. This negative correlation is contradictory to results from a pilot scale study where die temperature co-varied with other factors, and to results from single pelletizing studies that do not mimic the friction originated pressure build-up that is required for pellet formation (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Fernqvist, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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What’s in it for me? Food packaging and consumer responses in a focus group study
- 2015
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Ingår i: British Food Journal. - 0007-070X .- 1758-4108. ; 117:3, s. 1122-1135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This study has three broad objectives: (1) to explore consumer views on different dimensions of consumer packaging when it comes to a common staple food; (2) to discuss the role of different packaging features in consumer choice; (3) to compare consumer views on purchasing a common staple food either as an undifferentiated anonymous commodity or as a differentiated product.Design/methodology/approach – Three semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted. A thematic analysis was made by means of a theory driven approach. Six different packaging was used as discussion material, to headlight and exemplify different aspects.Findings - The analysis revealed consumer views in eight categories of packaging features regarding a common staple food (potato) being (1) packaging material, (2) packaging size, (3) protection and preservation, (4) convenience, (5) price, (6) communication and information, (7) ethical perspectives, and (8) novelty and innovation. The role of packaging features in consumers’ choice is discussed, and comparisons are made with the alternative of an undifferentiated anonymous product. Positive and negative aspects were found in both cases.Research limitations/implications – This research contributes to present knowledge regarding packaging dimensions of fast moving consumer goods, and provides insights on consumers’ views on both packaged products and the alternative of an undifferentiated commodity. Limitations and advantages of using focus groups are discussed.Practical implications – The findings add to knowledge of consumer behaviour and food choice as regards consumer packaging and consumer views on both an undifferentiated commodity, and added packaging to diversify the product. The findings are applicable by practitioners in the industry of fast moving consumer goods. The paper suggests areas for future research.Originality/value – This study uses a common everyday staple to compare consumer views on both a differentiated product by the means of packaging, and the product as being undifferentiated and anonymous. By comparing two levels of differentiation, this study provides insights in consumer standpoints regarding packaging issues, and their views on just the actual product as commodity.
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| 10. |
- Malmborg, Katja, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge co-production in the Helge å catchment : a comparative analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecosystems and People. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2639-5908 .- 2639-5916. ; 18:1, s. 565-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Addressing sustainability challenges in landscape management requires processes for co-producing usable knowledge together with those who will use that knowledge. Participatory futures methods are powerful tools for attaining such knowledge. The applications of such methods are diverse and understanding the intricacies of the knowledge co-production process is important to further develop these research practices. To improve participatory futures methods and contribute to systematic and critical reflections on methodology, we present a comparative analysis of four research projects that applied participatory futures methods in the same study area. Conducted between 2011 and 2020, these projects aimed to co-produce knowledge about the future provision of ecosystem services in the Helge a catchment area in southern Sweden. For structuring the post-hoc, self-reflexive analysis, we developed a framework dividing the knowledge co-production process into three dimensions: settings, synthesis and diffusion. We based the analysis on documentation from the projects, a two-step questionnaire to each research team, a workshop with co-authors and interviews with key participants. The comparison highlights steps in project decision-making, explicit and implicit assumptions in our respective approaches and how these assumptions informed process design in the projects. Our detailed description of the four knowledge co-production processes points to the importance of flexibility in research design, but also the necessity for researchers and other participants to adapt as the process unfolds.
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