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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(TVÄRVETENSKAPLIGA FORSKNINGSOMRÅDEN) AMNE:(Idrott) ;pers:(Kadi Fawzi 1970)"

Sökning: AMNE:(TVÄRVETENSKAPLIGA FORSKNINGSOMRÅDEN) AMNE:(Idrott) > Kadi Fawzi 1970

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1.
  • Ambrosio, Fabrisia, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of muscle loading on skeletal muscle regenerative potential : an update of current research findings relating to aging and neuromuscular pathology
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. - Baltimore : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0894-9115 .- 1537-7385. ; 88:2, s. 145-155
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue with a remarkable ability to continuously respond to environmental stimuli. Among its adaptive responses is the widely investigated ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate after loading or injury or both. Although significant basic science efforts have been dedicated to better understand the underlying mechanism controlling skeletal muscle regeneration, there has been relatively little impact in the clinical approaches used to treat skeletal muscle injuries and wasting. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of the basic biology of satellite cell function in response to muscle loading and to relate these findings in the context of aging and neuromuscular pathology for the rehabilitation medicine specialist.
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2.
  • Andersson, Helena M., et al. (författare)
  • Differences in the inflammatory plasma cytokine response following two elite female soccer games separated by a 72-h recovery
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - Malden, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 20:5, s. 740-747
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We investigated changes in a large battery of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in elite female soccer players following two 90-min games separated by a 72-h active or passive recovery. Blood samples were taken from 10 players before, within 15-20 min, 21, 45 and 69 h after the first game and within 15-20 min after the second game. The leukocyte count was analyzed, together with several plasma pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, using a multiplex bead array system. After the first and second game, the total leukocytes and neutrophils increased significantly. Likewise, increases (P<0.05) in pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-12, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (INF-gamma), IL-17], chemokines [monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-8 and monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG)], anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2R, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-10, IL-13, INF-alpha) and the mixed cytokine IL-6 were observed. Leukocyte and cytokine levels were normalized within 21 h. Active recovery (low-intensity exercises) did not affect the cytokine responses. A dampened cytokine response was observed after the second game as only IL-12, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-8 and MIG increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, a robust pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine response occurs after the first but not the second soccer game. The implications of the dampened cytokine response in female players after the second game are unknown.
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3.
  • Andersson, Helena M., et al. (författare)
  • Neuromuscular fatigue and recovery in elite female soccer : effects of active recovery
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0195-9131 .- 1530-0315. ; 40:2, s. 372-380
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • PURPOSE: To investigate the time course of recovery from neuromuscular fatigue and some biochemical changes between two female soccer matches separated by an active or passive recovery regime. METHODS: Countermovement jump (CMJ), sprint performance, maximal isokinetic knee flexion and extension, creatine kinase (CK), urea, uric acid, and perceived muscle soreness were measured in 17 elite female soccer players before, immediately after, 5, 21, 45, 51, and 69 h after a first match, and immediately after a second match. Eight players performed active recovery (submaximal cycling at 60% of HRpeak and low-intensity resistance training at < 50% 1RM) 22 and 46 h after the first match. RESULTS: In response to the first match, a significant decrease in sprint performance (-3.0 +/- 0.5%), CMJ (-4.4 +/- 0.8%), peak torque in knee extension (-7.1 +/- 1.9%) and flexion (-9.4 +/- 1.8%), and an increase in CK (+ 152 +/- 28%), urea (15 +/- 2), uric acid (+ 11 +/- 2%), and muscle soreness occurred. Sprint ability was first to return to baseline (5 h) followed by urea and uric acid (21 h), isokinetic knee extension (27 h) and flexion (51 h), CK, and muscle soreness (69 h), whereas CMJ was still reduced at the beginning of the second match. There were no significant differences in the recovery pattern between the active and passive recovery groups. The magnitude of the neuromuscular and biochemical changes after the second match was similar to that observed after the first match. CONCLUSION: The present study reveals differences in the recovery pattern of the various neuromuscular and biochemical parameters in response to a female soccer match. The active recovery had no effects on the recovery pattern of the four neuromuscular and three biochemical parameters.
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4.
  • Andersson, Helena M., et al. (författare)
  • Plasma antioxidant responses and oxidative stress following a soccer game in elite female players
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - Malden, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 20:4, s. 600-608
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We aimed to investigate markers of oxidative stress and levels of endogenous and dietary antioxidants in 16 elite female soccer players in response to a 90-min game (average intensity 82+/-3% HRpeak). Blood samples were taken before, immediately and 21 h after the game. Plasma-oxidized glutathione, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG) and lipid peroxidation measured by d-ROMs were used as markers of oxidative stress. Plasma endogenous [uric acid, total glutathione (TGSH)] and dietary antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and polyphenols) were analyzed using liquid chromatography and the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Exercise induced an acute increase (P<0.05) in GSSG, uric acid, TGSH, alpha-tocopherol, and ascorbic acid. In parallel, the GSH:GSSG ratio and polyphenols decreased (P<0.05). GSSG, GSH:GSSG ratio, uric acid, TGSH, and ascorbic acid returned to baseline at 21 h, while polyphenols and alpha-tocopherol remained altered. Total carotenoids increased above baseline only at 21 h (P<0.05). Lipid peroxidation, measured by d-ROMs, remained unchanged throughout the study. Thus, intermittent exercise in well-trained female athletes induces a transient increase in GSSG and a decrease in the GSH:GSSG ratio, which is effectively balanced by the recruitment of both endogenous and dietary antioxidants, resulting in the absence of lipid peroxidation measured by d-ROMs.
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5.
  • Eriksson, Anders, et al. (författare)
  • Skeletal muscle morphology in power-lifters with and without anabolic steroids
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 124:2, s. 167-175
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The morphological appearance of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle from high-level power-lifters on long-term anabolic steroid supplementation (PAS) and power-lifters never taking anabolic steroids (P) was compared. The effects of long- and short-term supplementation were compared. Enzyme-immunohistochemical investigations were performed to assess muscle fiber type composition, fiber area, number of myonuclei per fiber, internal myonuclei, myonuclear domains and proportion of satellite cells. The PAS group had larger type I, IIA, IIAB and IIC fiber areas (p<0.05). The number of myonuclei/fiber and the proportion of central nuclei were significantly higher in the PAS group (p<0.05). Similar results were seen in the trapezius muscle (T) but additionally, in T the proportion of fibers expressing developmental myosin isoforms was higher in the PAS group compared to the P group. Further, in VL, the PAS group had significantly larger nuclear domains in fibers containing > or = 5 myonuclei. The results of AS on VL morphology in this study were similar to previously reported short-term effects of AS on VL. The initial effects from AS appear to be maintained for several years.
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6.
  • Kadi, Fawzi, 1970- (författare)
  • Fysisk träning och telomerer
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Svensk Idrottsforskning. - 1103-4629. ; :2, s. 20-21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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7.
  • Kadi, Fawzi, 1970- (författare)
  • In response to Point: Counterpoint : "Satellite cell addition is/is not obligatory for skeletal muscle hypertrophy"
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Journal of applied physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 8750-7587 .- 1522-1601. ; 103:3, s. 1105-1105
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In this letter, the point: counterpoint issue (1, 5) is addressed solely by referring to studies in humans. The analysis of histological sections from skeletal muscle of power lifters with many years of practice leaves no doubt about the role of satellite cells as myonuclei donors in the hypertrophied muscle fibre. The larger the cross-sectional area of fibres, the higher the number of myonuclei per cross-section (2, 4). Importantly, the strong relationship between the cross-sectional area of fibres and the number of myonuclei (r = 0,86; p < 0.0001) is obtained with a range of areas between 2500 µm2 and 14000 µm2 (4). Existing myonuclei are able to sustain an initial hypertrophy of the muscle fibre as long as the transcriptional activity of existing myonuclei does not reach its maximum (2, 3, 5). Satellite cells become myonuclei donors when fibre size reaches the ceiling size (2, 3, 5). Additionally, we should not forget that satellite cells are also donors of myonuclei to newly generated myotubes (2, 4). The intensity of exercise and the initial fibre area of the subjects included in a training program are important factors governing whether daughter cells generated by satellite cell activation and proliferation provide new myonuclei to existing myofibres or to newly generated myotubes. Finally, in parallel with these events, some of the daughter cells can escape differentiation and facilitate renewal of the satellite cell pool. Efforts should be made to better understand key elements guiding the fate of satellite cells.
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8.
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9.
  • Larsson, Britt, et al. (författare)
  • Blood supply and oxidative metabolism in muscle biopsies of female cleaners with and without myalgia
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: The Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 20:6, s. 440-446
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: Pathomechanisms of work-related myalgia are poorly understood. Myalgia is thought to be caused by excitation of nociceptors present in the muscular tissue but not in the muscle fiber itself. Muscle contraction in combination with hypoxia is known to excite nociceptors. Morphologic analysis can contribute to the knowledge of the excitation of nociceptors. This study thoroughly examines the morphology of the trapezius muscle's capillary supply and signs of disturbed oxidative metabolism to understand their role in work-related myalgia. METHODS: Surgical trapezius muscle biopsies were obtained from 25 female cleaners with long-standing work-related myalgia, 25 female cleaners without trapezius myalgia, and 21 healthy teachers. Enzyme and immunohistochemical stainings were performed to highlight fibers with aberrant intermyofibrillar patterns, indicating a disturbed oxidative metabolism (also known as moth-eaten fibers) and a disturbed capillary supply of different fibers. RESULTS: A significantly lower number of capillaries per fiber area in cleaners suffering from myalgia compared with cleaners without trapezius myalgia was found. Moth-eaten fibers were found in the 3 groups, but these fibers were significantly more prevalent in the groups of cleaners than in the healthy teacher group. CONCLUSION: This work indicates that the capillary supply of trapezius is affected in work-related trapezius myalgia. More studies are needed to understand possible mechanisms that would explain the occurrence of moth-eaten fibers.
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10.
  • Larsson, Barbro, 1952-, et al. (författare)
  • Surface electromyography and peak torque of repetitive maximum isokinetic plantar flexions in relation to aspects of muscle morphology
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Journal of Electromyography & Kinesiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1050-6411 .- 1873-5711. ; 16:3, s. 281-290
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study investigates the relationships between surface electromyography (EMG [Mean frequency of the power spectrum (MNF)]) and peak torque variables obtained during 100 maximum concentric plantar flexions with the right limb at 60 degrees s(-1) and different muscle morphological variables. Surface EMG was recorded from the right gastrocnemius lateralis and muscle biopsies were taken from the same site as the EMG electrodes were positioned. Muscle fibre area and fibre type composition were determined on serial muscle cross sections using both histochemistry (myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase) and immunohistochemistry (monoclonal antibodies against specific myosin heavy chain isoforms). Forty-three female and nine male students participated in the study. Gastrocnemius lateralis contained predominantly type I fibres (50%) and type IIA fibres (40%) in both sexes and large individual differences were found. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for the intercorrelation analyses, and projection to latent structures (PLS) was used for the multivariate regression analysis. MNF correlated positively with different fibre areas and with the proportion of type I fibres. Fibre areas and sex were the most important factors in the regression of maximum peak torque. High proportion of type I fibres and sex were the most important regressors of peak torque endurance normalised for lean body mass. More studies are needed to understand the complex interrelationships between intrinsic muscle properties and the frequency content of the surface EMG before theoretical models can be formulated that incorporate both fibre areas and fibre type proportions.
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