| 1. |
- Nilsson, Ola, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Growth factors and carcinoid tumours.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - 0284-186X. ; 32:2, s. 115-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of growth factors and their receptors in human midgut carcinoids and in gastric carcinoids of Mastomys have been investigated. Human midgut carcinoid tumours produce IGF-I as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. IGF-I receptors were detectable in half of the tumours and stimulation of cultured tumour cells with IGF-I enhanced DNA synthesis. IGF-I may therefore act as an autocrine stimulator of carcinoid tumour growth. Expression of TGF-alpha and EGF-receptors could also be demonstrated in midgut carcinoids by immunocytochemistry and Northern analysis, suggesting that TGF-alpha participates in the autocrine modulation of carcinoid growth. Co-culture of human midgut carcinoid tumours and rat fetal cholinergic neurons demonstrated secretion of a potent neuronotrophic factor by cultured tumour cells. IGF-I and TGF-alpha may account for these neuronotrophic effects, but carcinoid tumours may also secrete an as yet unidentified growth factor. Gastric (ECL cell) carcinoids developed rapidly in Mastomys during hypergastrinemia due to histamine2-receptor blockade, suggesting that gastrin is an essential growth factor for these carcinoids.
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| 2. |
- Basson, M D, et al.
(författare)
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Biology and management of the midgut carcinoid.
- 1993
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Ingår i: American journal of surgery. - 0002-9610. ; 165:2, s. 288-97
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Midgut carcinoid tumors derive from gut entoderm. These tumors may cause a complex of symptoms comprising the carcinoid syndrome by secreting a wide variety of bioactive agents in addition to serotonin. Such symptoms generally follow metastases to the liver but may also occur in primary ovarian or retroperitoneal tumors. After localization and biochemical characterization, the bioactivity of these tumors should be blocked by octreotide, sometimes in combination with other pharmacologic antagonists, so that primary resection may be performed safely. If curative resection is impossible, then a cytoreductive management scheme should be employed that includes surgical debulking and hepatic arterial embolization, followed by palliation with octreotide.
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| 3. |
- Källberg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of somatic mutation activity in multiple V kappa genes involved in the response to 2-phenyl-5-oxazolone
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Immunology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0953-8178 .- 1460-2377. ; 5:6, s. 81-573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied somatic mutation activity early in a response to 2-phenyl-5-oxazolone coupled to ovalbumin (phOx-OVA). Although the V kappa Ox1 gene rearranged to J kappa 5 is known to predominate in this response, other closely related V kappa genes are involved. We compared the introduction of point mutations into V kappa Ox1 genes and into a set of related V kappa genes rearranged to the same J kappa segment at two time points after primary immunization. The result showed that quantitation of mutations in a single rearrangement substrate leads to an underestimation of the total mutational activity. There is pronounced somatic mutation activity early within genes that may be absent later in the response. We also show that multiple somatic mutations can be detected in B cells from draining lymph nodes after foot-pad injection with phOx-OVA already at day 7 after immunization. The data suggest a system in which mutation acts early in the response on a wide range of substrates and that selection and expansion of high affinity paratopes occurs later.
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| 4. |
- Ceberg, Crister, et al.
(författare)
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Neutron capture imaging of 10B in tissue specimens
- 1993
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 1879-0887. ; 26:2, s. 139-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is an attractive concept for radiation treatment of malignant tumours. The patients receive a 10B-carrying compound with selective uptake in tumour cells, after which they are irradiated with epithermal neutrons. Theoretically, the tumour cells are killed by the high-LET particles produces in 10B(n, alpha)7Li reactions inside or close to the cell nucleus, while healthy brain cells with no boron uptake will be spared. In practice, a successful BNCT depends on the actual boron-distribution in the tissue, and consequently a new boron-compound aimed for BNCT must undergo detailed bio-distribution studies before clinical trials. In experimental work there is accordingly a great need for methods for quantitative bio-distribution measurements in tissue samples. In this paper we present an improved technique for neutron activated autoradiography providing quantitative boron images of freeze-sectioned tissue specimens from highly malignant rat brain gliomas. Particular attention has been paid to the correlation with the morphology of the specimens and to the altered self-absorption properties due to freeze-drying. A self-absorption correction factor for tumour tissue has been experimentally determined.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Mertens, F, et al.
(författare)
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Cytogenetic findings in 33 osteosarcomas
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 55:1, s. 44-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty-three osteosarcomas (OS) were analyzed cytogenetically. Clonal chromosome changes were detected in 17 cases. Six tumors had chromosome numbers in the diploid range, 6 in the triploid range, 1 in the tetraploid range and 1 in the pentaploid range, while 3 tumors had multiple clones with different ploidy levels. Including the present 17 tumors, a total of 27 OS with clonal aberrations have been reported. The recognizable structural rearrangements in these 27 tumors clustered to chromosome arms 1p, 1q, 3p, 3q, 7q, 11p, 17p and 22q. Chromosome bands 1q11, 1q21, 1q42 and 7q11 were the most frequently rearranged, and the most common numerical rearrangements were -3, -10, -13 and -15. Supernumerary ring chromosomes, in 2 tumors as the sole change, were found in all 3 parosteal OS, which is in agreement with the findings in 1 previously reported parosteal OS. The association between ring formation and parosteal morphology represents the first cytogenetic-morphologic entity among OS.
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| 7. |
- Boman, Karin, 1946-
(författare)
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Endometrial carcinoma : steroid hormones and receptors in relation to proliferation
- 1993
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The significance of the hormonal milieu for endometrial changes is as well-known as its link with endometrial carcinoma. Unopposed oestradiol treatment is shown to increase the incidence for this cancer. Obesity leads to elevated levels of oestrogens and is a risk factor for endometrial carcinoma. An association between high tumour proliferation and prognosis is a general feature of human cancer. Tumour growth can be expressed as proliferation rate and flow cytometry (FCM) is a sensitive and reproducable method to estimate S-phase fraction (SPF) and ploidy level. Both parameters have been shown to correlate with prognosis. Sex steroid hormone levels were analysed together with clinical parameters, SPF, and receptors in established endometrial carcinoma.The study consisted of postmenopausal women with endometrial adenocarcinoma. H ormones were analysed in 127 patients, 99 were analysed for FCM and 60 for oestrogen and progesterone receptors. RIA technique was used for hormone assay of oestrone, oestradiol, progesterone, androstenedione and testosterone plasma levels. The receptors were analysed with an immunohistochemical method, and SPF and ploidy level by flow cytometry.A wide range of oestrogen concentrations was found. Some patients had levels comparable to fertile women. Strong correlations were found between body mass index, weight and depth of uterine cavity. No relations were found between receptors and SPF, apart from oestrogen- receptor positive tumours having a lower SPF when compared with receptor negative tumours. The influence of oestradiol on tumour proliferation expressed as SPF was ambiguous. SPF was increased with higher oestradiol levels in the group of peri-diploid, well-differentiated tumours, while a negative correlation was found for the peri-diploid, moderately differentiated tumours. The aneuploid and poorly differentiated tumours had a high SPF regardless of oestradiol concentration. The association between progesterone concentration and SPF was of a more general nature. Progesterone above a threshold level was related to a lower SPF in well-differentiated and moderately differentiated tumours. Thus endogenous progesterone seems to play a role in controlling the tumour’s proliferation activity, in contrast to oestradiol, that had a role which did not appear to relate to proliferation activity in any specific direction. The only stimulative association was seen in well-differentiated tumours, but SPF was still below the mean value for all diploid tumours.
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| 8. |
- Ahlman, Håkan, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Growth regulation in carcinoid tumors.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America. - 0889-8529. ; 22:4, s. 889-915
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In hormone-producing tumors such as the carcinoids, overproduction of certain hormones may activate proto-oncogenes. Hormones, or growth factors, thus can be of importance for growth regulation. Information is presented on some growth factors and their receptors in this respect and on the involvement of gastrin and its receptor on tumor development in the experimental Mastomys model. The relevance of differential expression of cell adhesion molecules in endocrine tumors is discussed also.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ahlman, Håkan, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Adrenocortical carcinoma--diagnostic and therapeutical implications.
- 1993
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Ingår i: The European journal of surgery = Acta chirurgica. - 1102-4151. ; 159:3, s. 149-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate the results of treatment of a consecutive series of patients with adrenocortical carcinoma who presented during the six year period 1985 to 1991.
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