| 61. |
- Hellström, Vivan, et al.
(författare)
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Njurtransplanterade med maligna tumörer en växande patientgrupp : [Kidney transplanted persons with malignant tumors is a growing patient group]
- 2012
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 109:39-40, s. 1766-1769
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of malignant tumors in the organ transplanted population is increased 3-5 fold compared to the general population. The spectrum of tumors is different, the tumor growth is more aggressive and the prognosis is worse. In order to identify patients with post-transplant malignant tumors, the transplant registries in Stockholm, Uppsala and Gothenburg were cross run with the respective regional oncologic registries (ROC). It was found, that despite a generally good follow up, information about more than 50% of the malignant tumors is missing at the transplant centers. According to international guidelines this patient group should be evaluated by multidisciplinary teams consisting of transplant surgeons/nephrologists, oncologists and dermatologists with experience of transplantation to get optimal medical treatment. We would therefore like to emphasize the importance of referring all renal transplanted patients with malignant tumors to the transplant centers for multidisciplinary evaluation of the immunosuppressive as well as oncologic treatment.
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| 62. |
- Ljungberg, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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31P MR spectroscopy to evaluate the efficacy of hepatic artery embolization in the treatment of neuroendocrine liver metastases.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987). - : SAGE Publications. - 1600-0455 .- 0284-1851. ; 53:10, s. 1118-1126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIt is common to treat patients with metastatic disease from gastrointestinal neuroendocrine (NE) tumors with surgical reduction to prolong survival. This can be combined with hepatic arterial embolization (HAE) and medical treatment to reduce hormonal symptoms. Today there are no rapid and reliable methods to evaluate the efficacy of HAE in the treatment of neuroendocrine liver metastasis.PurposeTo investigate metabolic changes in hepatic metastases of NE tumors following HAE, and to establish if there are any early spectral patterns that might indicate therapeutic efficacy based on in vivo (31)P MRS data.Material and MethodsVolume selective (31)P MRS was used to study 11 patients with disseminated NE tumors with regional lymph nodes and bilobar liver metastases. Measurements were performed before and 1 and 3 days after HAE.ResultsNon-responders had significantly higher PME/Pi and αNTP/ΣNTP ratios than the responders before HAE (P < 0.05). Three days after HAE, non-responders still had significantly higher αNTP/ΣNTP than the responders did (P < 0.05). We also observed trends for increased PME ratios 3 days after HAE, decreased ATP-levels, and liberated Pi in responders.ConclusionThis (31)P-MRS study showed significant differences in PME/Pi and αNTP/ΣP ratios between responders and non-responders on the day before HAE, which is an interesting finding that may reflect intrinsic properties of the tumor tissue. We also observed trends for cell membrane renewal and increased energy consumption in responders after HAE. These results demonstrate potentials for (31)P-MRS to predict individual responsiveness prior to HAE.
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| 63. |
- Nagel, G., et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic factors and blood cancers among 578,000 adults in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me-Can)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Annals of Hematology. - New York : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0939-5555 .- 1432-0584. ; 91:10, s. 1519-1531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated associations between metabolic factors and blood cancer subtypes. Data on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides from seven prospective cohorts were pooled (n = 578,700; mean age = 44 years). Relative risks of blood cancers were calculated from Cox regression models. During mean follow-up of 12 years, 2,751 incident and 1,070 fatal cases of blood cancers occurred. Overall, higher BMI was associated with an increased blood cancer risk. In gender-specific subgroup analyses, BMI was positively associated with blood cancer risk (p = 0.002), lymphoid neoplasms (p = 0.01), and Hodgkin's lymphoma (p = 0.02) in women. Further associations with BMI were found for high-grade B-cell lymphoma (p = 0.02) and chronic lymphatic leukemia in men (p = 0.05) and women (p = 0.01). Higher cholesterol levels were inversely associated with myeloid neoplasms in women (p = 0.01), particularly acute myeloid leukemia (p = 0.003), and glucose was positively associated with chronic myeloid leukemia in women (p = 0.03). In men, glucose was positively associated with risk of high-grade B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma, while cholesterol was inversely associated with low-grade B-cell lymphoma. The metabolic syndrome score was related to 48 % increased risk of Hodgkin's lymphoma among women. BMI showed up as the most consistent risk factor, particularly in women. A clear pattern was not found for other metabolic factors.
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| 64. |
- Spetz, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Specific binding and uptake of 131I-MIBG and 111In-octreotide in malignant paraganglioma - tools for choice of radionuclide therapy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Hormone and Metabolic Research. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0018-5043 .- 1439-4286. ; 44:5, s. 400-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumor-specific uptake of the radiolabeled nor-epinephrine analogue meta-iodobenzylguanidine via norepinephrine transporter or radiolabeled somatostatin analogues octreotide/octreotate via somatostatin receptors offers possibilities to diagnose and treat metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma. High uptake of 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine is dependent on high expression of vesicular monoamine transporters responsible for mediating uptake of biogenic amines into dense core granules. A patient with metastatic paraganglioma (liver and bone metastases) underwent surgical removal of the primary after injection of 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine and 111In-octreotide. Radioactivity was determined in biopsies from tumor and normal tissue biopsies. The tumor/blood concentration value was high: 180 for 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine 3 h after injection and 590 for 111In-octreotide 27 h after injection. Studies of primary tumor cell cultures demonstrated increased cell membrane binding and internalization over time for 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine. The vesicular monoamine transporter antagonist reserpine and the norepinephrine transporter inhibitor clomipramine reduced internalization by 90% and 70%, respectively, after 46 h of incubation. The results demonstrated increased cell membrane binding and internalization over time also for 111In-octreotide. Internalization was highest for a low concentration of 111In-octreotide. Excess of octreotide reduced internalization of 111In-octreotide with 75% after 46 h of incubation. In conclusion, uptake and tumor/blood concentration values of radiolabeled meta-iodobenzylguanidine and somatostatin analogues can be determined for metastatic pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma to evaluate the possibility to use one or both agents for therapy. For this patient, the high tumor/blood values clearly demonstrated that therapy using both radiopharmaceuticals would be most beneficial. In vitro studies verified specific cell-membrane binding and internalization in tumor cells of both radiopharmaceuticals.
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| 65. |
- Jennbacken, Karin, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Inhibition of metastasis in a castration resistant prostate cancer model by the quinoline-3-carboxamide tasquinimod (ABR-215050)
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Prostate. - : Wiley. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 72:8, s. 913-924
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Tasquinimod (ABR-215050) is an orally active quinoline-3-carboxamide analog that has completed phase II clinical trial in patients with castration resistant prostate cancer, showing promising inhibiting effects on the occurrence of metastasis and delayed disease progression. Its mechanism of action is not fully elucidated, but previous studies show anti-angiogenic effects and strong interaction with the S100A9 protein. METHODS This study was performed to evaluate if tasquinimod inhibits prostate cancer metastasis, by using both orthotopic and intratibial xenograft models. Animals were treated with tasquinimod, and tumor growth characteristics as well as molecular markers for metastasis and angiogenesis were analyzed. RESULTS The results show that formation of lung and lymph node metastases from orthotopic castration resistant prostate tumors was inhibited by tasquinimod treatment. Importantly, establishment of tumors in the bone after intratibial implantation was suppressed by tasquinimod. In addition, establishment and growth of subcutaneous tumors were affected. Both in primary tumors and serum from treated mice an upregulation of thrombospondin 1 was observed. Further, downregulation of the hypoxia driven genes VEGF, CXCR4, and LOX was detected in the primary tasquinimod-treated tumors and decreased expression of chemotactic ligand SDF-1 was demonstrated in the lungs. Thus, these molecular changes could contribute to the anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic effects of tasquinimod. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study and clinical data show that tasquinimod interferes with the metastatic process, presumably by inhibition of tumor establishment. Therefore, tasquinimod is an interesting treatment option for patients with prostate cancer prone to metastasis. Prostate 72:913924, 2012. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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| 66. |
- Frisan, Teresa, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 interacts with adhesion complexes and promotes cell migration, survival, and anchorage independent growth
- 2012
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Ingår i: The FASEB Journal. - : The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 26:12, s. 5060-5070
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme of unknown function that is highly expressed in neurons and overexpressed in several human cancers. UCH-L1 has been implicated in the regulation of phenotypic properties associated with malignant cell growth but the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. By comparing cells expressing catalytically active or inactive versions of UCH-L1, we found that the active enzyme enhances cell adhesion, spreading, and migration; inhibits anoikis; and promotes anchorage independent growth. UCH-L1 accumulates at the motile edge of the cell membrane during the initial phases of adhesion, colocalizes with focal adhesion kinase (FAK), p120-catenin, and vinculin, and enhances the formation of focal adhesions, which correlates with enhanced FAK activation. The involvement of UCH-L1 in the regulation of focal adhesions and adherens junctions is supported by coimmunoprecipitation with key components of these complexes, including FAK, paxillin, p120-catenin, β-catenin, and vinculin. UCH-L1 stabilizes focal adhesion signaling in the absence of adhesion, as assessed by reduced caspase-dependent cleavage of FAK following cell detachment and sustained activity of the AKT signaling pathway. These findings offer new insights on the molecular interactions through which the deubiquitinating enzyme regulates the survival, proliferation, and metastatic potential of malignant cells.
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| 67. |
- Johansson, Mia, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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"Setting boundaries" - Mental adjustment to cancer in laryngeal cancer patients: An interview study.
- 2012
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Ingår i: European journal of oncology nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2122 .- 1462-3889. ; 16:4, s. 419-425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To increase the understanding of mental adjustment responses in laryngeal cancer patients, as well as the outcome of these responses. Further, to evaluate the content validity of the Swedish version of the Mini-MAC (Mental Adjustment to Cancer) Scale with regard to findings from the patient interviews. METHOD: Data was collected with semi-structured interviews and analyzed using a constant comparison technique consistent with Grounded Theory. Eighteen participants were selected according to the idea of theoretical sampling. RESULTS: The core category arising was "Setting boundaries". This seemed to be a prerequisite for mental adjustment to diagnosis and treatment without major negative impact on mental health or health-related quality of life (HRQL). Five descriptive categories also emerged: Fighting Spirit; Avoidance; Comparisons; Anxious Preoccupation; and Social Interactions. When comparing these results with the domains of the Mini-MAC Scale, the Fighting Spirit, Cognitive Avoidance and Anxious Preoccupation domains were clearly represented. Concerning the Fatalism and the Hopeless-Helpless domains the support was somewhat weaker. CONCLUSION: Central theme of mental adjustment responses in laryngeal cancer patients was "Setting Boundaries", concerning above all patients' attitude to information and thoughts about the cancer. This response seems to be the dividing line between good and poor adjustment. The results emphasize the importance of adapting the information given and rehabilitation options to each individual patient. The findings largely support the Swedish version of the Mini-MAC, but some deviations were found which should be considered when interpreting results from the Mini-MAC in laryngeal cancer patients.
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| 68. |
- Larsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Health Related Quality of Life in Advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer : Correlates and Comparisons to Normative Data
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 21:5, s. 642-649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to describe self-reported HRQoL in patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to investigate the associations to stage of disease, age, gender, weight loss and performance status. Further, the study aimed to compare patients’ health related quality of life with that of the Swedish general population. Data on HRQoL were collected within a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. A total of 334 patients were included between 1998 and 2001. The EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC13 were used to assess HRQoL. HRQoL data for comparison with the Swedish population were derived from a random sample of the Swedish population. Patients reported a markedly impaired HRQoL compared to the normal population. There were statistically and clinically significant differences with regard to almost all QLQ-C30 functional and symptom scales. Global Health Status, Physical Functioning, Role Functioning and Emotional Functioning were markedly deteriorated. The most prominent symptoms were Dyspnoea, Fatigue, Coughing, Insomnia, Appetite Loss and Pain. A low performance status, younger age, female gender and a more advanced disease were independently associated with a worse HRQoL. Additional studies are required to gain increased insight into this seriously ill group of patients and their need of supportive care.
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| 69. |
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| 70. |
- Johansson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Combining 33 genetic variants with prostate-specific antigen for prediction of prostate cancer : longitudinal study
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 130:1, s. 129-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate if a genetic risk score including 33 common genetic variants improves prediction of prostate cancer when added to measures of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). We conducted a case-control study nested within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort (NSHDC), a prospective cohort in northern Sweden. A total of 520 cases and 988 controls matched for age, and date of blood draw were identified by linkage between the regional cancer register and the NSHDC. Receiver operating characteristic curves with area under curve (AUC) estimates were used as measures of prostate cancer prediction. The AUC for the genetic risk score was 64.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 61.4-67.2], and the AUC for total PSA and the ratio of free to total PSA was 86.2% (95% CI = 84.4-88.1). A model including the genetic risk score, total PSA and the ratio of free to total PSA increased the AUC to 87.2% (95% CI = 85.4-89.0, p difference = 0.002). The addition of a genetic risk score to PSA resulted in a marginal improvement in prostate cancer prediction that would not seem useful for clinical risk assessment.
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