| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Grabe, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Controlled trial of a short and a prolonged course with ciprofloxacin in patients undergoing transurethral prostatic surgery
- 1987
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. - 0722-2211. ; 6:1, s. 11-17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficacy of a short (Group I) and a prolonged (Group II) course with ciprofloxacin was assessed in patients undergoing transurethral prostatic resection for benign hyperplasia or cancer of the prostate and compared with that of controls without antibiotic (Group III). Both regiments significantly reduced the frequency of postoperative bacteriuria (p less than 0.01) and of severe infectious complications (p = 0.004) as compared to the controls. Both regimens were equally effective in preventing perioperative and postoperative acquisition of bacteriuria in patients without bacteriuria at surgery. In patients with bacteriuria before surgery, bacteriuria was found postoperatively in 35% in Group I and 10% in Group II (p = 0.012), but in 82% of the patients in Group III. Ciprofloxacin inhibited all but 7 of 176 bacterial strains at an MIC of less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. Given orally ciprofloxacin is a valuable alternative antimicrobial for use in conjunction with transurethral prostatic resection. A short course is sufficient for prophylaxis, and adequate therapy is achieved with a prolonged regimen.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hellsten, Sverker, et al.
(författare)
-
Use of ciprofloxacin in patients undergoing transurethral prostatic surgery
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. Supplementum. - 0300-8878. ; 60, s. 104-107
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficacy of a short (Group I) and a prolonged (Group II) course with ciprofloxacin was assessed in patients undergoing transurethral prostatic resection and compared with that of controls without antibiotic (Group III). Both regimens significantly reduced the frequency of post-operative bacteriuria (p less than 0.01) and of severe infectious complications (p = 0.004) compared to the controls. Both regimens were equally effective in preventing peri-operative and post-operative acquisition of bacteriuria in patients without bacteriuria at surgery. In patients with bacteriuria before surgery, bacteriuria was found post-operatively in 35% in Group I and in 9% in Group II (p = 0.012), but in 82% of the patients in Group III. Ciprofloxacin inhibited all but 7 of 176 bacterial strains at an MIC of less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. Given orally, ciprofloxacin is a valuable alternative antimicrobial for use in conjunction with transurethral prostatic resection. A short course is sufficient for prophylaxis, and adequate therapy is achieved with a prolonged regimen.
|
|
| 4. |
- Arner, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Ca2+ on force-velocity characteristics of normal and hypertrophic smooth muscle of the rat portal vein
- 1985
-
Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 124:4, s. 525-533
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Portal hypertension was induced in rats by partial ligation of the hepatic branches of the portal vein. After 5 days of hypertension the portal veins were taken out and mounted for isometric and quick-release experiments. Portal veins from sham-operated normal rats served as controls. The ligated veins had an increased cross-sectional area, indicating smooth-muscle hypertrophy. Although the absolute magnitude of active force of these veins was increased, the active force per cross-sectional area was decreased, indicating an alteration in the properties of the contractile system. No difference in the Ca2+ concentration-response relations to K+-activated intact control and hypertrophic veins was found. In chemically skinned preparations, devoid of functional plasma membranes, the hypertrophic veins had similar Ca2+ sensitivity (in the presence of I microM calmodulin) but a lower force per cross-sectional area. Force-velocity relations were determined in K+-activated intact preparations. In control veins a reduction in extracellular Ca2+ was associated with a significant reduction in both isometric force and maximal shortening velocity (Vmax). In hypertrophic veins the decreased isometric force at maximal activation was associated with a low Vmax. A comparison between hypertrophic and submaximally stimulated control vessels showed corresponding Vmax and isometric force values. We conclude that the low isometric force of hypertrophic veins is associated with a lower rate of cross-bridge turnover. This could be an effect of alterations in the activation mechanisms or in the intrinsic properties of the contractile system itself.
|
|
| 5. |
- Arner, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Structural and mechanical adaptations in rat aorta in response to sustained changes in arterial pressure
- 1984
-
Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 122:2, s. 119-126
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structural and mechanical adaptations in response to sustained changes in arterial pressure were studied on abdominal aorta of the male rat. Two models were used: 1. Aortic ligature (L), immediately below the renal arteries producing hypotension distal to the knot (duration before sacrifice 6 weeks or 3 months). 2. One-clip renal hypertensive rats (H) (duration 6 weeks). Normotensive sham-operated rats (C) served as controls. At sacrifice mean tail artery pressure was L: 58 +/- 1, C: 110 +/- 3, and H: 163 +/- 5 mmHg (SE, N=6). Segments of abdominal aorta were mounted in vitro for determination of their length-tension relations (activation: High-K+ solution with 2.5 mM Ca2+). At end of experiments the vessels were supramaximally stimulated at optimal circumference (1o) for active force (activation: High-K+ solution with 10 mM Ca2+, and 10(-5) M noradrenaline), and then fixated for light and electron microscopy. Passive and active length-tension relations were shifted towards lower and higher circumference values for hypo- and hypertensive vessels, respectively. The 1o values were L: 3.60 +/- 0.13, C: 4.44 +/- 0.19, and H: 4.91 +/- 0.29 mm. The media thickness at 1o was reduced in L: 56.0 +/- 3.3, and increased in H: 81.3 +/- 2.4 compared to C: 73.4 +/- 1.8 micron. Maximal active wall stress was L: 46.6 +/- 9.8, C: 74.2 +/- 7.0, and H: 83.8 +/- 7.7 mN/mm2. Intracellular volume (ICV) in the media was L: 30 +/- 2, C: 45 +/- 3, and H: 44 +/- 1% (n=4 for each).
|
|
| 6. |
- Ekström, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Hyperplasia and hypertrophia in the denervated and distended rat urinary bladder
- 1984
-
Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 122:1, s. 45-48
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The parasympathetically denervated and distended rat urinary bladder was found to have increased fourfold in weight when examined 3 weeks postoperatively. Both in muscularis and mucosa of such a bladder the synthesis of proteins, RNA and DNA was increased severalfold. An increase in the polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine was also found; these polyamines are usually linked to protein synthesis. The results suggest that the cells of the two layers increase both in size and number. Hyperplasia was, in a previous study, suggested as a possible explanation for a right-ward shift of the active length-tension curve of muscle strips in the denervated rat urinary bladder.
|
|
| 7. |
- Lilja, Hans, et al.
(författare)
-
Semenogelin, the predominant protein in human semen. Primary structure and identification of closely related proteins in the male accessory sex glands and on the spermatozoa
- 1989
-
Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258. ; 264:3, s. 900-1894
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The predominant protein in human semen, semenogelin, was characterized by lambda gt11 clones isolated from a seminal vesicular cDNA library. One clone, carrying a cDNA insert of 1606 nucleotides and a polyadenylated tail, coded for the entire semenogelin precursor. An open reading frame of 1386 nucleotides encodes a signal peptide and the mature protein of 439 amino acid residues, in which residues 85-136 are identical with a previously characterized semenogelin fragment. The polypeptide chain displays a most conspicuous region of internal sequence homology where 46 of the 58 amino acid residues at positions 259-316 are repeated at positions 319-376. An abundant seminal vesicular transcript of 1.8 kilobases (kb) codes for semenogelin. Two additional transcripts, one seminal vesicular 2.2-kb species and one epididymal 2.0-kb species, code for related proteins that have a close structural relationship as well as antigenic epitopes in common with semenogelin. Semenogelin and the semenogelin-related proteins are the major proteins involved in the gelatinous entrapment of ejaculated spermatozoa. Antigenic epitopes common to these proteins are localized to the parts of the spermatozoa involved in locomotion. The spermatozoa become progressively motile as the gel-forming proteins are fragmented by the kallikrein-like protease, prostate-specific antigen, and the gel dissolves.
|
|
| 8. |
- Uvelius, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of phasic and tonic activation on contraction dynamics in smooth muscle
- 1980
-
Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 109:4, s. 399-406
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Responses to isotonic quick releases of rabbit urinary bladder strips and rat portal veins activated by AC-stimulation and K+-high medium were studied. The AC stimulation was adjusted to give the same tension as th K+-contractures. Releases were performed at peak of the contractions (which was attained after 1.5-4.5 s AC-stimulation or 2-3 min in K+-high solution). The length response consisted of 3 parts: (1) elastic recoil, (2) isotonic transient, (3) steady shortening. Shortening velocity was determined at 100 ms after the release, as phase (2) had subsided by then. Characteristics of the initial elastic response was virtually unaffected by the mode of stimulation for both preparations. Vmax was significantly higher for the AC-stimulations than for the K+-contractures (bladder: 0.37 l/s vs. 0.26 l/s, portal vein: 0.46 l/s vs. 0.33 l/s). By means of computer analysis a fast exponential shortening component comprising the larger part of phase (2) could be separated from the subsequent slower shortening (see further in Hellstrand & Johansson 1979). In each preparation the amplitude of this exponential was the same for both modes of activation. The time constant was, however, smaller for the AC-stimulation preparations. Our results thus indicate that in response to a sudden decrease in force the initial elastic recoil is the same whereas the rate of transition to steady shortening, and the steady shortening velocity itself, are lower for preparations activated by K+-high medium compared to AC-stimulation.
|
|
| 9. |
- Agardh, Carl-David, et al.
(författare)
-
Influence of treatment with diethylstilbestrol for carcinoma of prostate on platelet aggregation and plasma lipoproteins
- 1986
-
Ingår i: Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1527-9995 .- 0090-4295. ; 28:6, s. 469-471
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of prostatic carcinoma with estrogens is accompanied by an increased risk for thromboembolic and cardiovascular complications. The underlying mechanisms are still unknown. Patients treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) were compared with patients given no estrogen treatment regarding factors (platelet aggregation in vitro and plasma lipoproteins) that have been suggested to contribute to increased thrombogenesis and cardiovascular risk. The results do not show any increase in in vitro platelet aggregation in patients treated with DES compared with those given no treatment. This indicates that hyperaggregability does not contribute to the increased incidence in thromboembolic events seen in DES-treated patients. This is in contrast to the increased platelet aggregation previously described in patients treated with polyestradiolphosphate + etinylestradiol. The changes in plasma lipoproteins observed during DES-treatment are generally considered beneficial from an atherogenic point of view and do not appear to cause the elevated incidence of cardiovascular disease in these patients.
|
|
| 10. |
- Agardh, Carl-David, et al.
(författare)
-
The influence of treatment with estrogens and estramustine phosphate on platelet aggregation and plasma lipoproteins in non-disseminated prostatic carcinoma
- 1984
-
Ingår i: Journal of Urology. - 1527-3792. ; 132:5, s. 1021-1024
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The treatment of prostatic carcinoma with estrogens is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular as well as thromboembolic complications. In the present study, patients harboring highly or moderately differentiated prostatic carcinoma without signs of metastases were treated with either polyestradiolphosphate + etinylestradiol, estramustine phosphate or given no treatment. Subsequently, these patients were investigated regarding factors (platelet aggregation, plasma and platelet phospholipid composition and lipoprotein patterns) that might contribute to increased thrombogenesis and cardiovascular risk. The results indicate the presence of increased in vitro platelet aggregation in patients treated with polyestradiolphosphate + etinylestradiol compared to those treated with estramustine phosphate or given no treatment. A possible relationship between the availability of arachidonic acid in platelet membrane phospholipids and in vitro platelet aggregation is suggested. On the other hand the alterations in plasma lipoproteins observed during treatment are generally considered positive from an atherogenic point of view and do not seem relevant to the elevated incidence of cardiovascular disease in these patients.
|
|
