| 61. |
- Shoman, Wasim, 1990, et al.
(author)
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Battery electric vehicles’ contribution to the viability of charging from below electric road system based on individual driving patterns
- 2020
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In: 4th Electric Road Systems Conference.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study uses detailed driving patterns to model the benefits of implementing an ERS in Sweden with charging from below technology that is usable by passenger BEVs. This technology would increase the utilization of ERS infrastructure and possibly lead to significant cost savings in BEVs by enabling smaller batteries. Results show that the required average battery capacity could drop up to 76 % and the expected savings of using smaller batteries range between 0.17 -6.5 M€/ERS km for a total of 2900-9300 M€. The economic net benefit is heavily dependent on the percentage of cars switching to BEV and ERS placement.
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| 62. |
- Yeh, Sonia, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Tradable performance standards in the transportation sector
- 2021
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In: Energy Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-9883 .- 1873-6181. ; 102
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Performance standards have a long history in environmental policy. A performance standard sets a standard of technology performance but leaves technology choice to producers; it increases the relative costs of technologies with undesirable performance characteristics and lowers the costs of technologies with desirable characteristics. The primary motivations are to promote innovation, to address consumers' undervaluation of efficiency, and to reduce externalities, such as air pollution and the risks of dependence on foreign oil. In the past decade, trading has been incorporated (thus termed as tradable performance standard, TPS) into several U.S. transportation programs: regulations for greenhouse gas emissions from passenger cars and trucks (national), zero-emission vehicle programs (10 states), the Renewable Fuel Standard (national), and low-carbon fuel standards (two states). TPS allows for equalization of marginal costs across eligible technologies and is therefore more efficient than pure regulations. We show that sectoral TPS programs have high credit prices but low price effects on products and provide strong incentives for upstream innovation and technology transformation. Unlike emissions pricing, however, they do not have a strong output effect: consumers do not bear the full cost of the pollution and do not have incentive to reduce consumption of polluting products. Given that the expected carbon price may be too low to substantially affect transportation demand or technology change, combining TPS with a carbon price may be necessary to drive innovation and achieve a sustained low-carbon transformation in the sector.
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| 63. |
- Troje, Daniella, 1991
(author)
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Can I Get Some Help Down Here? Inter-Project Support for Creating Social Value Through Social Procurement
- 2020
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In: ARCOM 2020 - Association of Researchers in Construction Management, 36th Annual Conference 2020 - Proceedings. ; , s. 105-114
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Employment requirements, as an aspect of social procurement, can be used as an innovative way for construction organizations to create internships for marginalized unemployed people, in the process creating social value. However, how to organize and collaborate to implement employment requirements in construction projects is unclear. Therefore, this paper investigates how practitioners working operatively in projects perceive the support from and relationship with their parent company and client when they have to implement and work with employment requirements on a daily basis. Semi-structured interviews with 23 practitioners working in three projects in Sweden were analysed using a theoretical framework of project management focused on resources and collaborative relationships. Findings show how resources and support is often lacking, and how relationships with parent companies and clients are tenuous. There is a lack of knowledge and clear goals from the parent company and client which create uncertainty. The operative actors in the projects have to deal with this uncertainty without formalized routines, standardized information sharing, or enough resources, so to cope they create their own tools and practices. The paper provides a bottom-up perspective on social procurement and illustrates concrete areas where parent companies and clients must rethink their (lack of) resources and support. For research the findings indicate what factors make collaboration regarding social procurement difficult and contributes novel insight into a scarcely researched phenomenon.
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| 64. |
- Altunay, Maria, 1992
(author)
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Narratives of energy incumbents - Unravelling perspectives on municipal electric utilities
- 2022
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The dominant narrative in sustainability transitions studies frames electric utilities as incumbents and “villains” who hinder the diffusion of niche innovations (Johnstone et al., 2017; Turnheim and Sovacool, 2020). This behavior is in line with the conception of incumbent actors as part of the dominant sociotechnical regime (Geels, 2002, 2006a), painting the picture of incumbents with a broad brush and limiting nuance. However, several authors have made attempts to illustrate heterogeneity among incumbents and that some can take on proactive roles in advancing niche innovation (Altunay et al., 2021; Ampe et al., 2021; Apajalahti et al., 2018; Berggren et al., 2015; Stalmokaitė and Hassler, 2020). The purpose of this licentiate thesis is to advance this inquiry by unravelling the narratives of electric utilities as incumbents in energy transitions. Three narratives are explored through a synthesis of two qualitative case studies of Swedish electric utilities’ engagement with solar photovoltaics. The thesis is organized along two core questions: how electric utilities engage with this emerging technology at the level of business models and collaborations, and why they choose to engage in certain ways, investigating internal and external drivers. The findings show that most electric utilities engage with solar photovoltaics through a variety of business models and collaborations, depending on a combination of firm-internal factors (i.e., organizational goals, business logics, and resources) and external factors (i.e., the task environment, the institutional environment, and the industry regime). The study illustrates the need for extending dominant narratives, as it shows that electric utility incumbents can support niche innovations, display niche and regime characteristics simultaneously, and react heterogeneously to similar external pressures. As a result, this thesis contributes to pluralizing incumbencies within sustainability transitions.
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| 65. |
- Lind, Frida, 1975, et al.
(author)
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Networked business models for current and future road freight transport: taking a truck manufacturer’s perspective
- 2023
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In: Technology Analysis and Strategic Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0953-7325 .- 1465-3990. ; 35:2, s. 167-178
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Technological development is rapidly having an impact on the road freight transport system. In parallel, there are suggestions for new types of business models to approach the network and complex features of business. In this paper, we raise the question of what this means in the road freight transport business from a truck manufacturer’s perspective. The purpose is to analyse the contents of and developments in networked business models for road freight transport in Sweden with the overall aim to contribute to sustainable transport solutions. The paper builds on a qualitative case study methodology of a truck OEM. The results display three forms of networked business models: business models in stable, established and emerging networks. The stable business model is based on the present situation with the truck at the centre. The established business model is partly based on the present and partly on the future with the focus on uptime of the trucks. The emerging business model is future-oriented and contains technological development of connectivity, electrification and automation. Managerial implications regard that coping with the emerging business is necessary but result in great uncertainty regarding how to interact, which resources to invest in and how to coordinate activities.
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| 66. |
- Kain, Jaan-Henrik, 1960, et al.
(author)
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What Makes a Compact City? Differences Between Urban Research in the Global North and the Global South
- 2020
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In: Offentlig förvaltning. Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration. - : University of Gothenburg. - 2000-8058. ; 24:4, s. 25-49
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Compact cities are promoted in policy as a response to current societal challenges, but it is unclear or ambiguous what qualities or benefits a compact city is supposed to deliver. The concept of the compact city is widely debated in the research literature, and there are numerous arguments both for and against compact cities. However, many studies or reviews tend to apply a delimited approach, discussing a confined number of qualities or basing the assessment on fairly narrow empirical material. Research is also carried out from within a number of separate disciplines or “discourses”. This paper aims to provide a clearer and more consolidated understanding of the wide spectrum of qualities that make up the compact city in support of better planning, governance and management of cities in the Global South. The objective is to present a review of current articles discussing the compact city in order to capture similarities and differences in the academic discourse between Global North and Global South contexts, and to outline a comprehensive compact city taxonomy. This is achieved by answering three questions: (1) What types of urban qualities are discussed in scientific articles studying urban compactness? (2) (How) do articles focusing on Global North and Global South contexts differ when it comes to exploring compact city qualities? and (3) Do the findings indicate areas of research withing the broader scope of urban compactness where research should be initiated or strengthened? The analysis is based on literature searches in the Scopus database for 2012-2015 using the search term “compact city”. A quantitative assessment was carried out, sifting out what terms are used to label purported (or debated) qualities of compact cities. Papers are sorted into different categories according to geoeconomic context (i.e. Global North, BRICS, Global South). The outcome is an extended taxonomy of compact city qualities, including twelve categories. Weaknesses in compact city research aimed at cities in the Global South were identified, linked in particular to nature, health, environmental issues, quality of life, sociocultural aspects, justice and economy, as well as a significant lack of compact city research linked to urban adaptability and resilience.
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| 67. |
- Petersson, Hans, et al.
(author)
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On the role of forests and the forest sector for climate change mitigation in Sweden
- 2022
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In: GCB Bioenergy. - : Wiley. - 1757-1707 .- 1757-1693. ; 14:7, s. 793-813
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We analyse the short- and long-term consequences for atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations of forest management strategies and forest product uses in Sweden by comparing the modelled consequences of forest resource use vs. increased conservation at different levels of GHG savings from carbon sequestration and product substitution with bioenergy and other forest products. Increased forest set-asides for conservation resulted in larger GHG reductions only in the short term and only when substitution effects were low. In all other cases, forest use was more beneficial. In all scenarios, annual carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration rates declined in conservation forests as they mature, eventually approaching a steady state. Forest set-asides are thus associated with increasing opportunity costs corresponding to foregone wood production and associated mitigation losses. Substitution and sequestration rates under all other forest management strategies rise, providing support for sustained harvest and cumulative mitigation gains. The impact of increased fertilization was everywhere beneficial to the climate and surpassed the mitigation potential of the other scenarios. Climate change can have large—positive or negative—influence on outcomes. Despite uncertainties, the results indicate potentially large benefits from forest use for wood production. These benefits, however, are not clearly linked with forestry in UNFCCC reporting, and the European Union's Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry carbon accounting, framework may even prevent their full realization. These reporting and accounting frameworks may further have the consequence of encouraging land set-asides and reduced forest use at the expense of future biomass production. Further, carbon leakage and resulting biodiversity impacts due to increased use of more GHG-intensive products, including imported products associated with deforestation and land degradation, are inadequately assessed. Considerable opportunity to better mobilize the climate change mitigation potential of Swedish forests therefore remains.
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| 68. |
- Holgersson, Marcus, 1983
(author)
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The management and commercialisation of intellectual property in European universities
- 2022
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This report presents the results of an empirical study that explores intellectual property (IP) management practices among universities in the European Union. The report presents models and processes of IP management and research commercialisation – and their interdependencies. Furthermore, the report identifies four main challenges for IP management, including lack of funding for proof-of-concept work, resource constraints, a broad range of technologies and industries with which technology transfer offices (TTOs) need to work, and a non-existent local industry combined with legitimacy problems when trying to partner internationally. All in all, these challenges typically make IP management in the university setting more difficult than in the private industry setting. The dominant and linear IP management process that focuses primarily on value capture – the appropriation model – is criticised, and interviewees see a need to shift focus to better interact with industry and focus more on value creation and utilisation rather than only on appropriation.
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| 69. |
- Martin, Jason, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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The Many Meanings of Quality: Towards a Definition in Support of Sustainable Operations
- 2020
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In: Total Quality Management and Business Excellence. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1478-3371 .- 1478-3363. ; In Press
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The concept of quality accommodates a range of perspectives. Over the years, various conceptual definitions of quality have reflected the evolution and trends marking the history and development of quality management. The current and widely accepted understanding of the concept of quality focuses on customer-centric notions, where meeting or preferably exceeding customer needs and expectations defines quality. However, societal drivers such as sustainability and digitalisation require a perspective on quality that is inclusive of a broader range of stakeholders to serve current and future societal needs. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the concept of quality as practiced and extend this understanding in a framework designed to include objective and subjective aspects from a broad range of stakeholders. An integrated conceptual framework offering expanded views on the foundations for defining the meaning of quality is suggested. This framework is centred around the notion of quality-in-use, which offers a way to guide and enhance the actual practices of Quality Management. It incorporates two dimensions for understanding quality; form, which covers the constructive or predefined dimension and scope, which covers the single actor or multi-interested parties dimension. Four major perspectives on quality-in-use are presented: Quality-as-customer-value, Quality-as-agreed-delivery, Quality-as-ecosystems-integration, and Quality-as-society-values.
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| 70. |
- Driouchi, Tarik, et al.
(author)
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Ambiguity, Managerial Ability, and Growth Options
- 2022
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In: British Journal of Management. - : Wiley. - 1045-3172 .- 1467-8551. ; 33:3, s. 1323-1345
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper studies the role of ambiguity and managerial ability in firm growth options from the perspective of behavioural theory. We argue that managerial ability increases both the identification and exploitation of growth options opportunities, but ambiguity reduces strategic growth options value as a result of information incompleteness and non-Bayesian behaviour. Using a dataset of all US-listed firms, we test the joint effects of ambiguity and managerial ability on growth options value after controlling for standard determinants and endogeneity. The results indicate that ambiguity has a negative effect on growth options value, while ability has a positive effect. We also find that the negative association between ambiguity and growth options is less pronounced with higher managerial ability. These findings underscore the importance of firm heterogeneity in the identification, exercise, and management of strategic and innovative real options opportunities. The paper's contribution provides relevant management insights into the behavioural antecedents of real options at the firm level as well as highlights that managerial and behavioural characteristics are important determinants of growth options value.
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