| 1. |
- Petersson, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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On the role of forests and the forest sector for climate change mitigation in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: GCB Bioenergy. - : Wiley. - 1757-1707 .- 1757-1693. ; 14:7, s. 793-813
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyse the short- and long-term consequences for atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations of forest management strategies and forest product uses in Sweden by comparing the modelled consequences of forest resource use vs. increased conservation at different levels of GHG savings from carbon sequestration and product substitution with bioenergy and other forest products. Increased forest set-asides for conservation resulted in larger GHG reductions only in the short term and only when substitution effects were low. In all other cases, forest use was more beneficial. In all scenarios, annual carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration rates declined in conservation forests as they mature, eventually approaching a steady state. Forest set-asides are thus associated with increasing opportunity costs corresponding to foregone wood production and associated mitigation losses. Substitution and sequestration rates under all other forest management strategies rise, providing support for sustained harvest and cumulative mitigation gains. The impact of increased fertilization was everywhere beneficial to the climate and surpassed the mitigation potential of the other scenarios. Climate change can have large—positive or negative—influence on outcomes. Despite uncertainties, the results indicate potentially large benefits from forest use for wood production. These benefits, however, are not clearly linked with forestry in UNFCCC reporting, and the European Union's Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry carbon accounting, framework may even prevent their full realization. These reporting and accounting frameworks may further have the consequence of encouraging land set-asides and reduced forest use at the expense of future biomass production. Further, carbon leakage and resulting biodiversity impacts due to increased use of more GHG-intensive products, including imported products associated with deforestation and land degradation, are inadequately assessed. Considerable opportunity to better mobilize the climate change mitigation potential of Swedish forests therefore remains.
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| 2. |
- Gustavsson, Leif, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Climate change effects of forestry and substitution of carbon-intensive materials and fossil fuels
- 2017
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 67:January, s. 612-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We estimate the climate effects of directing forest management in Sweden towards increased carbon storage in forests with more land set-aside for protection, or towards increased forest production for the substitution of carbon-intensive materials and fossil fuels, relative to a reference case of current forest management. We develop various scenarios of forest management and biomass use to estimate the carbon balances of the forest systems, including ecological and technological components, and their impacts on the climate in terms of radiative forcing. The scenario with increased set-aside area and the current level of forest residue harvest resulted in lower cumulative carbon emissions compared to the reference case for the first 90 years, but then showed higher emissions as reduced forest harvest led to higher carbon emissions from energy and material systems. For the reference case of current forest management, increased harvest of forest residues gave increased climate benefits. The most climatically beneficial alternative, expressed as reduced cumulative radiative forcing, in both the short and long terms is a strategy aimed at high forest production, high residue recovery rate, and high efficiency utilization of harvested biomass. Active forest management with high harvest levels and efficient forest product utilization will provide more climate benefit, compared to reducing harvest and storing more carbon in the forest.
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| 3. |
- Ortiz, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of increased extraction of forest harvest residues on soil organic carbon accumulation in Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 70, s. 230-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demand and potential for increasing the use of bioenergy from harvest residues in Sweden are large. However, harvest residue (branches and tops) and stump extraction negatively affect soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of increased harvest residue extraction on soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation at national level. Further, the reduction in CO2 by substituting coal with biofuel from harvest residues and stumps was assessed. Several scenarios with increased harvest residue extraction were simulated with the forest management system HUGIN and the SOC decomposition model Q and the effects on SOC accumulation in Swedish coniferous forest soils were assessed. All scenarios resulted in decreased SOC accumulation. The decrease in SOC accumulation was largest for stump extraction, with 0.15 Mg C ha(-1) y(-1) loss on average over a 100-year simulation period. In all scenarios, the short-term effects on SOC accumulation were greater than the long-term effects. The effect of substituting coal with bioenergy was an immediate reduction of net CO2 emissions. An increase in the use of forest residues leads to CO2 mitigation in the atmosphere, even when SOC losses are accounted for. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Lundblad, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
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Grenar och toppar istället för kol
- 2010
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Ingår i: Miljötrender från SLU. - 1403-4743. ; , s. 4-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 5. |
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