| 1. |
- Bensch, Suna, et al.
(författare)
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Mining multi-modal communication patterns in interaction with explainable and non-explainable robots
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate interaction patterns for humans interacting with explainable and non-explainable robots. Non-explainable robots are here robots that do not explain their actions or non-actions, neither do they give any other feedbackduring interaction, in contrast to explainable robots. We video recorded and analyzed human behavior during a board game, where 20 humans verbally instructed either an explainable or non-explainable Pepper robot to move objects on the board. The transcriptions and annotations of the videos were transformed into transactions for association rule mining. Association rules discovered communication patterns in the interaction between the robots and the humans, and the most interesting rules were also tested with regular chi-square tests. Some statistically significant results are that there is a strong correlation between men and non-explainable robots and women and explainable robots, and that humans mirror some of the robot’s modality. Our results also show that it is important to contextualize human interaction patterns, and that this can be easily done using association rules as an investigative tool. The presented results are important when designing robots that should adapt their behavior to become understandable for the interacting humans.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson Skog, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction of a Histidine-Rich Antimicrobial Saliva Peptide with Model Cell Membranes : The Role of Histidines
- 2023
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Ingår i: Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids. - 0743-7463. ; 39:22, s. 7694-7706
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Histatin 5 is a histidine-rich, intrinsically disordered, multifunctional saliva protein known to act as a first line of defense against oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans. An earlier study showed that, upon interaction with a common model bilayer, a protein cushion spontaneously forms underneath the bilayer. Our hypothesis is that this effect is of electrostatic origin and that the observed behavior is due to proton charge fluctuations of the histidines, promoting attractive electrostatic interactions between the positively charged proteins and the anionic surfaces, with concomitant counterion release. Here we are investigating the role of the histidines in more detail by defining a library of variants of the peptide, where the former have been replaced by the pH-insensitive amino acid glutamine. By using experimental techniques such as circular dichroism, small angle X-ray scattering, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring, and neutron reflectometry, it was determined that changing the number of histidines in the peptide sequence did not affect the structure of the peptide dissolved in solution. However, it was shown to affect the penetration depth of the peptide into the bilayer, where all variants except the one with zero histidines were found below the bilayer. A decrease in the number of histidine from the original seven to zero decreases the ability of the peptide to penetrate the bilayer, and the peptide is then also found residing within the bilayer. We hypothesize that this is due to the ability of the histidines to charge titrate, which charges up the peptide, and enables it to penetrate and translocate through the lipid bilayer.
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| 3. |
- Gerelli, Yuri, et al.
(författare)
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Spontaneous Formation of Cushioned Model Membranes Promoted by an Intrinsically Disordered Protein
- 2020
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 36:15, s. 3997-4004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, it is shown that by exposing commonly used lipids for biomembrane mimicking studies, to a solution containing the histidine-rich intrinsically disordered protein histatin 5, a protein cushion spontaneously forms underneath the bilayer. The underlying mechanism is attributed to have an electrostatic origin, and it is hypothesized that the observed behavior is due to proton charge fluctuations promoting attractive electrostatic interactions between the positively charged proteins and the anionic surfaces, with concomitant counterion release. Hence, we anticipate that this novel "green" approach of forming cushioned bilayers can be an important tool to mimic the cell membrane without the disturbance of the solid substrate, thereby achieving a further understanding of protein-cell interactions.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Amanda, et al.
(författare)
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Morphology drives water storage traits in the globally widespreadlichen genus Usnea
- 2018
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Ingår i: Fungal ecology. - : Elsevier. - 1754-5048 .- 1878-0083. ; 35, s. 51-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Links between lichen morphology, internal/external water storage and distribution patterns are poorly known. We compared mass- (WC, % H2O) and area-based (WHC, mg H2O cm−2) hydration traits in seven pendent or shrubby Usnea species from oceanic to continental climates. All species held more external than internal water. Internal WHC and WC increased with specific thallus mass (STM, mg cm−2), while external WC decreased. Shrubby species had higher STM and total WHC than pendent ones. The continental Usnea hirta (shrubby) had the highest total and external storage; the suboceanic Usnea longissima (pendent) had the lowest internal storage. Morphology drives hydration traits and explains distributions of some Usnea species, but such traits did not distinguish oceanic from widespread species. Shrubby species maximize water storage and thus prolong hydration after rainfall events and/or hydration by dew. The low internal WHC in pendent species is likely an adaptation to frequent hydration in humid air.
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