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| 2. |
- Mårtensson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Upper airway microbiome transplantation for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology. - : Wiley. - 2042-6976 .- 2042-6984. ; 13:6, s. 979-988
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chronic or recurrent rhinosinusitis without polyps (CRSsNP) is characterized by a persistent inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa. The underlying cause is unclear but increasing interest has been directed toward changes in the sinonasal microbiome as a potential driver. Methods: Twenty-two patients diagnosed with CRSsNP were treated with antibiotics for 13 days, followed by 5 consecutive days of nasal microbiome transplants from healthy donors. Outcome measures were 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) questionnaire, total nasal symptom score (TNSS), endoscopic grading, 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) next generation sequencing (microbiome analysis), and nasal lavage fluid analysis of inflammatory cytokines. Patients were examined at the start of the study and after antibiotic treatment as well as 10 days and 3 months after the transplant series. Results: At the end of the study, patients reported significantly reduced SNOT-22 scores and microbiome analysis showed significantly increased abundance and diversity. No significant change was observed for TNSS or endoscopic scoring. Conclusion: Nasal microbiome transplants obtained from healthy individuals and administered as nasal lavages to patients with CRSsNP are feasible. The patients reported significant and lasting reduction of symptoms and these findings were associated with a lasting increase in abundance and diversity of the local bacterial flora. The observations, which need to be confirmed by randomized controlled trials, may constitute a new treatment avenue for these difficult to treat patients where antibiotics only provide short lasting symptom control.
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| 3. |
- Bharmoria, Pankaj, et al.
(författare)
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Far-red triplet sensitized Z-to-E photoswitching of azobenzene in bioplastics
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chemical Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2041-6520 .- 2041-6539. ; 13, s. 11904-11911
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the first example of direct far-red triplet sensitized molecular photoswitching in a condensed phase wherein a liquid azobenzene derivative (Azo1) co-assembled within a liquid surfactant-protein film undergoes triplet sensitized Z-to-E photoswitching upon far-red/red light excitation in air. The role of triplet sensitization in photoswitching has been confirmed by quenching of sensitizer phosphorescence by Z-Azo1 and temperature-dependent photoswitching experiments. Herein, we demonstrate new biosustainable fabrication designs to address key challenges in solid-state photoswitching, effectively mitigating chromophore aggregation and requirement of high energy excitations by dispersing the photoswitch in the trapped liquid inside the solid framework and by shifting the action spectrum from blue-green light (450-560 nm) to the far-red/red light (740/640 nm) region.
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| 4. |
- Bharmoria, Pankaj, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Recyclable optical bioplastics platform for solid state red light harvesting via triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7496 .- 2050-7488. ; 10:40, s. 21279-21290
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable photonics applications of solid-state triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) are limited by a small UC spectral window, low UC efficiency in air, and non-recyclability of polymeric materials used. In a step to overcome these issues, we have developed new recyclable TTA-UC bioplastics by encapsulating TTA-UC chromophores liquid inside the semicrystalline gelatin films showing broad-spectrum upconversion (red/far-red to blue) with high UC efficiency in air. For this, we synthesized a new anionic annihilator, sodium-TIPS-anthracene-2-sulfonate (TIPS-AnS), that combined with red/far-red sensitizers (PdTPBP/Os(m-peptpy)(2)(TFSI)(2)), a liquid surfactant Triton X-100 reduced (TXr) and protein gelatin (G) formed red/far-red to blue TTA-UC bioplastic films just by air drying of their aqueous solutions. The G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-PdTPBP film showed record red to blue (633 to 478 nm) TTA-UC quantum yield of 8.5% in air. The high UC quantum yield has been obtained due to the fluidity of dispersed TXr containing chromophores and oxygen blockage by gelatin fibers that allowed efficient diffusion of triplet excited chromophores. Further, the G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-Os(m-peptpy)(2)(TFSI)(2) bioplastic film displayed far-red to blue (700-730 nm to 478 nm) TTA-UC, demonstrating broad-spectrum photon harvesting. Finally, we demonstrated the recycling of G-TXr-TIPS-AnS-PdTPBP bioplastics by developing a downstream approach that gives new directions for designing future recyclable photonics bioplastic materials.
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| 5. |
- Mårtensson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Nasal administration of a probiotic assemblage in allergic rhinitis: A randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1365-2222 .- 0954-7894. ; 52:6, s. 774-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Topical probiotics have been suggested as a treatment option for allergic rhinitis, as they may skew the immune response towards a beneficial type-1 non-allergic profile. So far observations in man have exclusively involved oral intake. The aim of this study was to examine whether a topical/nasal administration of a probiotic assemblage (PA) affects quality of life, symptoms and signs of allergic rhinitis in a nasal allergen challenge (NAC) model.Methods: In a placebo-controlled and crossover design, 24 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were randomised to topical/nasal administration with a PA of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1, Lactobacillus paracasei 101/37 and Lactococcus lactis L1A or placebo for 3 weeks. Participants and investigators were blind to treatment allocation. The last week of each treatment period was combined with a NAC series. Efficacy variables were "Mini-Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire" (Mini-RQLQ), "Total Nasal Symptom Score" (TNSS), "Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow" (PNIF) and "Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide" (FeNO). In addition, to assess whether or not the PA produced any pro-inflammatory effect per se, soluble analytes were monitored in nasal lavage fluids. Finally, bacterial cultures, sampled using swabs from the middle nasal meatus, were assessed for the presence of the PA by MALDI-TOF analysis.Results: Administration of the PA did not produce any nasal symptoms (cf. placebo). An innate immune response was discerned within the PA run (cf. baseline), but no change in nasal lavage fluid levels of cytokines/mediators was observed cf. placebo except for IL-17/IL-17A (a minor increase in the PA run). Administration of the PA did neither affect Mini-RQLQ, TNSS, PNIF nor FeNO. No evidence of persistent colonization was observed.Conclusions: Topical/nasal administration of a PA comprising Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1, Lactobacillus paracasei 101/37 and Lactococcus lactis L1A, while likely evoking a minor innate immune response yet being safe, does not affect quality of life, symptoms or signs of allergic rhinitis.
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| 6. |
- Bharmoria, Pankaj, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Photon upconverting bioplastics with high efficiency and in-air durability
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry C. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7534 .- 2050-7526. ; 9:35, s. 11655-11661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an urgent demand for substituting synthetic plastics to bioplastics for sustainable renewable energy production. Here, we report a simple one-step approach to create bioplastics with efficient and durable photon upconversion (UC) by encapsulating non-volatile chromophore solutions into collagen-based protein films. By just drying an aqueous solution of gelatin, surfactant, and UC chromophores (sensitizer and annihilator), liquid surfactant microdroplets containing the UC chromophores are spontaneously confined within the gelatin films. Thanks to the high fluidity of microdroplets and the good oxygen barrier ability of the collagen-based fiber matrices, a high absolute TTA-UC efficiency of 15.6% and low threshold excitation intensity of 14.0 mW cm−2are obtained even in air. The TTA-UC efficiency was retained up to 8.2% after 2 years of storage under ambient conditions, hence displaying the significant durability desired for practical applications.
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| 7. |
- Mokkapati, Venkata Raghavendra Subrahmanya Sar, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial response to graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide integrated in agar plates
- 2018
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Ingår i: Royal Society Open Science. - : The Royal Society. - 2054-5703. ; 5:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are contradictory reports in the literature regarding the anti-bacterial activity of graphene, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). This controversy is mostly due to variations in key parameters of the reported experiments, like: type of substrate, form of graphene, number of layers, type of solvent and most importantly, type of bacteria. Here, we present experimental data related to bacterial response to GO and rGO integrated in solid agar-based nutrient plates-a standard set-up for bacterial growth that is widely used by microbiologists. Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were used for testing bacterial growth. We observed that plate-integrated rGO showed strong anti-bacterial activity against both bacterial species. By contrast, plate-integrated GO was harmless to both bacteria. These results reinforce the notion that the response of bacteria depends critically on the type of graphene material used and can vary dramatically from one bacterial strain to another, depending on bacterial physiology.
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| 8. |
- Boll, Torben, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Grain Boundary Chemistry and Transport Through Alumina Scales on NiAl Alloys
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oxidation of Metals. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4889 .- 0030-770X. ; 88:3-4, s. 469-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is widely accepted that the growth of protective ?-Al2O3 scales on Ni-based alloys is governed by the inward diffusion of oxygen through the oxide grain boundaries (GB). However, there is also some outward diffusion of metal ions to the surface, but it is difficult to quantify. In this work we apply atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to investigate the outward flux of Al, which manifests as the growth of small ridges along the alumina GBs after the removal of the outermost oxide layer by mechanical polishing or focused ion beam techniques followed by additional oxidation. As a model alumina-former, NiAl with Hf and Zr additions was investigated. In comparison to Zr, Hf was found to reduce the outward Al diffusion. This outward diffusion was six orders of magnitude smaller than the O inward diffusion.
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| 9. |
- Mårtensson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical efficacy of a topical lactic acid bacterial microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis: A randomized controlled trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology. - : Wiley. - 2378-8038. ; 2:6, s. 410-416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveA locally disturbed commensal microbiome might be an etiological factor in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in general and in CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) in particular. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been suggested to restore commensal microbiomes. A honeybee LAB microbiome consisting of various lactobacilli and bifidobacteria have been found potent against CRS pathogens in vitro. Recently, we examined effects of single nasal administrations of this microbiome in healthy subjects and found it inert. In this study, we examined effects of repeated such administrations in patients with CRSsNP.Study DesignThe study was of a randomized, double-blinded, crossover, and sham-controlled design.MethodsTwenty patients received 2 weeks' treatment administered using a nasal spray-device. The subjects were monitored with regard to symptoms (SNOT-22 questionnaire, i.e., the primary efficacy variable), changes to their microbiome, and inflammatory products (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-, IL-8,a, and MPO) in nasal lavage fluids.ResultsNeither symptom scores, microbiological explorations, nor levels of inflammatory products in nasal lavage fluids were affected by LAB (c.f. sham).ConclusionTwo weeks' nasal administration of a honeybee LAB microbiome to patients with CRSsNP is well tolerated but affects neither symptom severity nor the microbiological flora/local inflammatory activity.Level of Evidence1b
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| 10. |
- Mårtensson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a honeybee lactic acid bacterial microbiome on human nasal symptoms, commensals, and biomarkers
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology. - : Wiley. - 2042-6984 .- 2042-6976. ; 6:9, s. 956-963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can restore commensal microbiomes and prevent infections. Arguably, nasal administrations of LAB may therefore be beneficial in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Previous studies have examined effects of topical/nasal LAB in children with secretory otitis media, but little is as yet known about their effects on the human nasal airway. The aim of this pilot study was to examine effects on nasal symptoms and commensal bacteria in healthy subjects of nasal administration of a honeybee LAB microbiome; ie, a mixture of 9 Lactobacillus spp. and 4 Bifidobacterium spp. obtained from the honeybee Apis mellifera. Furthermore, we aimed to assess whether or not the honeybee LAB produced a local inflammatory response.METHODS: Twenty-two healthy subjects received a single administration of honeybee LAB in a sham-controlled, double-blinded, and crossover design. Using questionnaires, microbiological methods, and nasal lavages, they were assessed regarding symptoms, changes to commensal bacteria, and inflammatory products in nasal lavage fluids.RESULTS: The honeybee LAB did not produce any symptoms or other untoward effects. No changes were observed of commensal bacteria by the honeybee LAB, and no inflammatory response was detected (compared to sham); ie, unaffected nasal lavage fluid levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monokine induced by interferon-γ (MIG), interleukin-15 (IL-15), epidermal growth factor (EGF), eotaxin, interferon gamma-induced protein-10 (IP-10), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA).CONCLUSION: A single human nasal administration of a honeybee LAB microbiome is well tolerated. Specifically, it does not affect commensal bacteria and does not produce an inflammatory response.
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