| 1. |
- Bahrami, Alireza, et al.
(author)
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Experimental Investigation of Ultimate Shear Force Capacity of Glulam Reinforced with Glued-in Threaded Rods
- 2023
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In: The Open Construction & Building Technology Journal. - : Bentham. - 1874-8368. ; 17, s. 1-12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract:Background:Glued-in threaded (GIT) rods have been considered an effective timber connection method having several advantages, such as high load-carrying capacity, great stiffness, and good fire resistance. This type of connection has widely been utilized in newly built modern timber structures and for reinforcing the existing ones.Objective:The purpose of this experimental research is to investigate how the ultimate shear force capacity (USFC) of glulam is affected if it is reinforced with GIT rods and to study the interaction between the glulam and GIT rods. The results of this research can help researchers and engineers to select a suitable method of reinforcing the glulam with GIT rods at a superior inclination angle (IA) to the fiber direction in order to achieve higher USFCs.Methods and Experimental Tests:A total of forty glulam samples were tested for failure. The experimental tests consisted of five different series of samples with eight samples in each series. Sample series 1 were unreinforced glulam. Sample series 2 and 4 were glulam reinforced with the GIT rods at two different IAs of 45° and 90° to the fiber direction, respectively. Sample series 3 and 5 were glulam reinforced in the same way as sample series 2 and 4, but they were split in the middle. The samples were tested for failure using a standard testing machine. The machine was connected to a computer that recorded all the values obtained from the tests.Results:The results of the study were obtained as force-displacement graphs. The stiffness of the samples and interaction between the glulam and GIT rods were also calculated. The results achieved from the experimental tests of different series were compared and discussed.Conclusion:The experimental tests resulted in a 12.5% increase in the average USFC of sample series 2. However, the average USFC of sample series 4 was not enhanced significantly. The interaction between the glulam and GIT rods was obtained as 31.8% for the samples with reinforcing at the IA of 45° to the fiber direction and 3.8% for the samples with reinforcing at the IA of 90° to the fiber direction. Reinforcing the glulam with the GIT rods demonstrated the potential of enhancing its USFC. However, reinforcing the glulam with the GIT rods at the IA of 45° to the fiber direction was found to be superior to reinforcing the glulam with the GIT rods at the IA of 90° to the fiber direction.
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| 2. |
- Bahrami, Alireza, et al.
(author)
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Important Criteria for Swedish Construction Companies to Choose Environmentally Friendly Concrete
- 2023
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In: Civil Engineering Journal. - : CEJ. - 2676-6957 .- 2476-3055. ; 9:1, s. 197-207
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today, ordinary Portland cement-based concrete is one of the most important building materials and is widely used in new building construction, which is an environmental problem, as cement production accounts for 5%-8% of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. Thus, the need for using more environmentally friendly concrete (EFC) is growing. However, it is stated that Swedish construction companies are reluctant to change and adopt new construction methods and materials. This research aims to map the important criteria for Swedish construction companies to choose EFC for use in their projects. The study is carried out based on a literature study and a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire is designed considering the significant criteria of EFC derived from the literature study. The respondents from the Swedish construction companies were asked to rate these various criteria. The collected results are presented with bar graphs. The results show that the highest valued criterion by the respondents for the use of EFC in the projects is its long-term properties, while the lowest one is the possibility of introducing a specific ceiling for greenhouse gas emissions by the companies.
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| 3. |
- Bahrami, Alireza, et al.
(author)
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How Aware and Active is the Swedish Building and Real Estate Sector in Climate-Smart Concrete?
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology. - : Seventh Sense Research Group. - 2231-5381. ; 70:1, s. 126-138
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carbon dioxide has long proven to be one of the greenhouse gases that affects our planet's climate and environment. With the forthcoming European Union goals and Sweden's own net-zero goal, it is required that the building and real estate sector works with climate-smart materials to construct future buildings. The net-zero goal by 2045 requires a common effort from all companies to find innovative solutions in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions sharply. This study investigates how aware and active the building and real estate sector is in climate-smart concrete (CSC) through a survey and comparison of environmental product declarations (EPDs). Climate-smart is a term for concrete that contains a lower percentage of Portland cement clinker than traditional concrete. This research aims to examine how far the development has taken place and to evaluate how the market has adopted the newly available products. It is als assessed which alternative additive materials are the most common as well as advantages and disadvantages of the CSC. A questionnaire is created, and the survey is sent out to companies. A comparison is made between three different EPDs of the CSC and two references for concrete with the ordinary Portland cement clinker. Reference concrete 1 is a standard value, and reference concrete 2 is an EPD value. A reference building is used to calculate the volume and weight of its utilized concrete. The three types of the CSC are compared with the reference concrete 1, and the results show a carbon dioxide reduction of 29.3%. However, the comparison of these three types of the CSC with the reference concrete 2 demonstrates a carbon dioxide reduction of 2.8%. In addition, it is concluded that the future will require the building and real estate sector to invest time and training to work with the CSC further.
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| 4. |
- Hummelvoll, Jan Kåre, et al.
(author)
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Mental Health Care in the Era of Growing Global Risk and Uncertainty : A Recovery and Person-Centred Approach
- 2022. - 1
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In: Advanced Practice in Mental Health Nursing. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031055355 - 9783031055362 ; , s. 221-248
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mental health care is based on the encounter between the user and the professional, where qualities that lead to relief and improvement can be created. The meeting takes place in, and is influenced by, its context, that is, its local community and society at large. This chapter is based on the structural perspective and the development towards a risk society, which is characterised by new threats, risks and uncertainties. Terrorist acts and environmental threats are examples of such man-made activities. In combination with individualisation and increased dependence on communication technology, they lead to increased demands on the individual and a greater dependence on experts. This is especially true for people with mental health problems. To meet this situation of growing uncertainty and greater individual responsibility, mental health-care needs to develop working methods that go beyond the traditional biomedical perspective. Shared decision-making and collaboration planning are examples of such methods inspired by a person-centred and recovery-oriented perspective. Building durable relationships based on trust and confidence is crucial to successful mental health care.
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| 5. |
- Norling, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Spinal rörelsebegränsningvid trauma : Prehospitalt och hospitalt
- 2022
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Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Traumanätverk Sverige samlar yrkesverksamma läkare och sjuksköterskorinom svensk traumavård. Vid sitt möte i Göteborg 1 december 2016 beslutadenätverket att tillsammans med projektet Säker Traumavård ta fram nationellarekommendationer för prehospital spinal rörelsebegränsning av patientervid trauma. Yrkesföreningarnas styrelser utsåg undertecknade representanteratt medverka i arbetet. Löf (Löf regionernas ömsesidiga försäkringsbolag)har via projektet Säker Traumavård bekostat arbetsgruppens arbetstid ochresekostnader.Arbetsgruppen har efter litteratursökning och protokollförda arbetsmötenarbetat fram föreliggande nationella rekommendationer.Rekommendationerna ska ses som en sammanställning och värdering av år2022 bästa kända kunskap inom det beskrivna området. Dokumentet har ingenföreskrivande funktion och författarna kan inte i något avseende hållas juridisktansvariga för innehållet.Avsikten är att rekommendationerna ska resultera i ett enhetligt omhändertagande av traumapatienter, där tekniker för spinal rörelsebegränsning användsså att de gör nytta för de patienter som behöver det, men inte används förpatienter och i situationer där de inte gör nytta. Syftet med bildmaterialet är attge exempel på hur prehospital spinal rörelsebegränsning kan utföras.
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| 6. |
- Steigen, Anne Mari, et al.
(author)
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The Meaning of Social Support in Nature-Based Services for Young Adults with Mental Health Problems
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In previous studies, social context and social support have been found to be important in nature-based services. However, no studies have previously focused on the meaning of different dimensions of social support in these contexts. The aim of this study is therefore to uncover dimensions of social support in relation to mental health among young adults with mental health problems participating in nature-based services in Norway. This study applies data from a survey of 93 young adults participating in nature-based services; in addition, qualitative interview data from 20 interviews are also used. The data are analysed using qualitative content analysis, descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis. The results indicate that participants in nature-based services experience emotional, esteem, informational, and instrumental support in addition to social integration and opportunities for nurturance in these services. The service leader, other participants, and the animals are important contributors to these dimensions of social support. Nature-based services may be a helpful intervention for young adults with mental health problems. The unique context of these services, including nature and animals, adds special qualities to mental health and social work practices.
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| 7. |
- da Silva, F. S., et al.
(author)
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Complete mid-portion rupture of the rat achilles tendon leads to remote and time-mismatched changes in uninjured regions
- 2021
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In: Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0942-2056 .- 1433-7347. ; 29
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose To examine healing adaptations over 17 weeks post Achilles tendon (AT) rupture in the injured region (IR) compared to an uninjured region (UIR) of the AT. Methods Twenty-four rats were subjected to a complete right-sided AT rupture, while the left side served as a control. ATs were harvested at 1, 2, 8 and 17 weeks post-rupture and stained with antibodies specific to Collagen type I (Col I) and II (Col II) as well as Alcian Blue and Picrosirius Red staining techniques. Histopathological changes, proteoglycan content, collagen alignment and immunoexpression were assessed. Results Both regions examined, IR and UIR, exhibited over weeks 1-17 similar healing adaptations of increasing collagen alignment, decreasing Col I immunoexpression, as well as increasing proteoglycan content and Col II occurrence. Increased proteoglycan content was found already at week 2 in the UIR, while it first increased at week 8 in the IR. The area positive to Col II was increased compared to controls at week 8 in the UIR, whereas it first raised at week 17 in the IR. Collagen disorganization successively declined to reach control levels at week 17 in the UIR, but was still higher in the IR. Conclusion This study demonstrated that uninjured areas of the AT remote from the rupture site also undergo pronounced remodeling, although with time-span differences relative to injured AT portions. These changes including the pathologic heterotopic mineralization and chondrogenic differentiation observed in both regions may have implications in the choice of rehabilitation regimes in order to prevent secondary rupture.
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| 8. |
- Borg, Tor, et al.
(author)
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Mått på bostadsbristen : Förslag på hur återkommande bedömningar ska utföras
- 2020
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boverket fick i juni 2019 i uppdrag av regeringen att lämna förslag på hur återkommande bedömningar av bostadsbristen ska utföras samt att lämna förslag på enhetliga begrepp som ska användas vid kommunikation kring bostadsbristen. Avsikten är att de presenterade beräkningarna ska kunna användas i arbetet med bostadsförsörjningsfrågor och underlätta arbetet med att planera, utföra och följa upp insatser för att åtgärda bostadsbristen. Boverket har tagit fram en årlig beräkningsmodell där antalet hushåll som saknar en rimlig bostad beräknas på både nationell, regional och lokal nivå. Vad som är en rimlig bostad definieras enligt en uppsättning kriterier och normer. Kvantitativa mått visar hur många hushåll som har en boendesituation som inte uppfyller de olika kriterierna. Samråd har skett med Sveriges Kommuner och Regioner (SKR) samt med Socialstyrelsen under uppdragets gång. Båda anser att de givits utrymme att framföra sin mening och har förklarat sig nöjda med samrådet. Avstämningar har också gjorts med en rad andra aktörer. Denna rapport utgör Boverkets slutredovisning av uppdraget. Rapporten har tagits fram av en projektgrupp bestående av Tor Borg, Bengt J Eriksson, Oskar Gramstad, Ulla-Christel Götherström, Hans Jonsson, Bo Söderberg och Hang Zettervall, med den förstnämnda som projektledare.
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| 9. |
- Höglund, Jenny, 1974-
(author)
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Naturbaserade insatser i socialt arbete : En studie av lantgårdsbaserade dagverksamheter med sociala mål
- 2020
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall aim in this thesis is to describe and analyse how nature-based social services located in farm settings with animals are framed in the Swedish context, and what organisers/supervisors and participants holds as valuable aspects in the intervention in a selection of services. Social aspects, environmental aspects and activities, and the dynamics between them has been of specific interest. The study focuses on services targeted at people in need of work-oriented rehabilitation and persons with disabilities. Similar nature-based interventions located in farm settings have previously been mapped and raised interest among researchers in countries like Norway, the Netherlands, and Britain. Nature-based interventions is an interdisciplinary and developing field of knowledge with a variety of different practice initiatives that use nature and animals to promote health and social well-being. So far the area has just generated a small amount of research in Social Work even though the users of the services are mutual with clients in social work services.The thesis has had an explorative approach that includes three sub studies and a variety of data sources and methods. The first study was a national survey in the Swedish context that identified 55 ongoing services. A selective sample of services was the setting for participant observations of the daily practice, and interviews with supervisors and participants. To study the participants perspective “go-along” interviewing where used as a complement to more traditional forms of data collection.Conclusions from the studies show that the three key elements, social context, where even animals play an important role, farm environment and farm based activities are important as resources in the daily practice from both supervisors’ and participants’ perspectives. The supervisors use the performativity of the farm-environment to provide support and the participants experience them as supportive, even though from their point of view the supervisor role is superior for their experience of sense of coherence in the context.
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| 10. |
- Kasina, P., et al.
(author)
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Postoperative Thromboprophylaxis With New Oral Anticoagulants is Superior to LMWH in Hip Arthroplasty Surgery: Findings from the Swedish Registry
- 2019
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In: Clinical orthopaedics and related research. - 1528-1132. ; 477:6, s. 1335-1343
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although the use of thromboprophylaxis is well established, there is no consensus on the preferred thromboprophylaxis regimen after THA; large, population-based studies offer an opportunity to examine this problem in a robust way that can complement results from randomized trials. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: Using data from a large national registry, we asked: (1) Is there any difference between low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and new oral anticoagulants in preventing symptomatic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), after THA? (2) Are there any differences in safety parameters, such as bleeding, reoperations and mortality, between LMWH and new oral anticoagulants? METHODS: Between 2008 and 2012, 78,066 THAs were performed in Sweden. This study evaluated 32,663 (42%) of them, selected through the merger of several national registries. These patients underwent unilateral THA due to primary osteoarthritis. They had not experienced any venous thromboembolic events 5 years before the index operation and were not prescribed potent antithrombotic agents, of any type, in the 6 months before the index operation. Additionally, their postoperative thromboprophylaxis was confirmed in a national registry by purchase of prescribed medications. We divided the cohort into two groups: those patients who received new oral anticoagulants (5752, 18%) and those who received LMWH (26,881, 82%) as postoperative thromboprophylaxis. Our primary endpoints were the frequencies of symptomatic DVT and symptomatic PE within 3 months of surgery. Our secondary comparison was a between-group comparison of bleeding (by way of diagnostic coding), reoperation, and mortality within 3 months of surgery. Odds ratios (OR) are presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as pooled results for the two groups after adjustment for duration of thromboprophylaxis (short or extended for at least 28 days), year of the index operation, Elixhauser comorbidity index, sex, age and previous treatment with platelet aggregation inhibitors. RESULTS: The risk of symptomatic DVT was lower in the group that received new oral anticoagulants than the group that received LMWH (0.3% versus 0.6%, OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.27-0.76; p = 0.026). The risk of symptomatic PE was lower in the group that received new oral anticoagulants than the group that received LMWH (0.1% versus 0.4%, OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.16-0.69; p = 0.005). There was no difference in the risk of bleeding (by way of diagnostic coding) (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.82-1.28; p = 0.688), reoperation (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.71-1.44; p = 0.860) or mortality (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.31-1.88; p = 0.883) between groups. CONCLUSIONS: New oral anticoagulants were associated with a lower risk of symptomatic DVT and symptomatic PE in this large, registry study, and we observed no differences in the risk of bleeding, reoperation, or death between the groups. Although we were able to control for a number of potential confounding variables, we cannot ascertain the indications that drove the prescription decisions in this setting, and there were important between-group differences in terms of duration of thromboprophylaxis (new oral anticoagulants generally were used for a longer period of time after surgery). Future studies, preferably large randomized trials with pragmatic inclusion criteria, to analyze symptomatic DVT, symptomatic PE and death are needed to confirm or refute our findings. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic study.
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