| 1. |
- Bay, Annika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms during pregnancy in primiparous women with congenital heart disease.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 58:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: As more women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are reaching childbearing age, it becomes more common for their symptoms to be evaluated during pregnancy. However, pregnancy-related symptoms are similar to those caused by heart disease. This study investigated the prevalence of factors associated with symptoms during pregnancy in women with CHD.Methods: The national birth register was searched for primiparous women with CHD who were registered in the national quality register for patients with CHD.Results: Symptoms during the third trimester were reported in 104 of 465 evaluated women. The most common symptom was palpitations followed by dyspnea. Factors associated with symptoms were tested in a univariable model; higher NYHA classification (>1) (OR 11.3, 95%CI 5.5-23.2), low physical activity (≤3 h/week) (OR 2.1 95%CI 1.3-3.6) and educational level ≤ 12 years (OR 1.9 95%CI 1.2-3.0) were associated with having symptoms. In multivariable analysis, low physical activity level (OR 2.4 95%CI 1.2-5.0) and higher NYHA class (OR 11.3 95%CI 5.0-25.6) remained associated with symptoms during pregnancy. There were no cases with new onset of impaired systemic ventricular function during pregnancy.Conclusion: Symptoms during pregnancy are common in women with CHD but are often already present before pregnancy. Because ordinary symptoms during pregnancy often overlap with symptoms of heart disease, it is important to know if symptoms were present before pregnancy and if they became worse during pregnancy. These results should be included in pre-pregnancy counselling and considered in the monitoring during pregnancy.
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| 2. |
- Daelman, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Frailty and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults with congenital heart disease
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 83:12, s. 1149-1159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Life expectancy of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) has increased rapidly, resulting in a growing and aging population. Recent studies have shown that older people with CHD have higher morbidity, health care use, and mortality. To maintain longevity and quality of life, understanding their evolving medical and psychosocial challenges is essential.Objectives: The authors describe the frailty and cognitive profile of middle-aged and older adults with CHD to identify predictor variables and to explore the relationship with hospital admissions and outpatient visits.Methods: Using a cross-sectional, multicentric design, we included 814 patients aged ≥40 years from 11 countries. Frailty phenotype was determined using the Fried method. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.Results: In this sample, 52.3% of patients were assessed as robust, 41.9% as prefrail, and 5.8% as frail; 38.8% had cognitive dysfunction. Multinomial regression showed that frailty was associated with older age, female sex, higher physiologic class, and comorbidities. Counterintuitively, patients with mild heart defects were more likely than those with complex lesions to be prefrail. Patients from middle-income countries displayed more prefrailty than those from higher-income countries. Logistic regression demonstrated that cognitive dysfunction was related to older age, comorbidities, and lower country-level income.Conclusions: Approximately one-half of included patients were (pre-)frail, and more than one-third experienced cognitive impairment. Frailty and cognitive dysfunction were identified in patients with mild CHD, indicating that these concerns extend beyond severe CHD. Assessing frailty and cognition routinely could offer valuable insights into this aging population.
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| 3. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Media Salience Shifts and the Public’s Perceptions About Reality: How Fluctuations in News Media Attention Influence the Strength of Citizens’ Sociotropic Beliefs
- 2024
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Ingår i: Mass Communication & Society. - 1520-5436.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines whether shifts in news media attention to societal issues matter for how strong beliefs citizens have about those issues. Based on an issue signal approach, in which media salience is conceptualized as signal strength, the study analyzes whether sociotropic beliefs become more prevalent, extreme, and certain when news media salience rises, and less prevalent, extreme, and certain when media salience drops. Using a four-wave panel survey dataset collected over a two-year period, the empirical analysis links media content analyses of issue salience to panel survey data, comparing four issues with different levels of baseline salience and political controversy: violent crimes, immigration, climate change, and antibiotic resistance. The analysis shows that issue-specific news media exposure and issue-specific use of alternative media offer two different pathways to the formation of beliefs. The hypothesized relationship with news media salience was supported for the two controversial issues with high baseline salience (immigration and violent crimes), but not for climate change and antibiotic resistance. The results indicate that issue attributes matter and that audiences may respond differently to salience shifts depending on the level of controversy of the issue.
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| 4. |
- Frykholm, Erik, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Applicability of a supramaximal high-intensity interval training program for older adults previously not engaged in regular exercise : analyses of secondary outcomes from the Umeå HIT Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Psychology of Sport And Exercise. - : Elsevier. - 1469-0292 .- 1878-5476. ; 73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This analysis of secondary outcomes investigated the applicability of supramaximal high-intensity interval training (HIT) with individually prescribed external intensity performed on stationary bicycles. Sixty-eight participants with a median (min; max) age of 69 (66; 79), at the time not engaged in regular exercise were randomized to 25 twice-weekly sessions of supramaximal HIT (20-min session with 10 × 6-s intervals) or moderate-intensity training (MIT, 40-min session with 3 × 8-min intervals). The primary aim was outcomes on applicability regarding; adherence to prescribed external interval intensity, participant reported positive and negative events, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE 6–20), and affective state (Feeling Scale, FS -5–5). A secondary aim was to investigate change in exercise-related self-efficacy (Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale) and motivation (Behavioural Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2). Total adherence to the prescribed external interval intensity was [median (min; max)] 89 % (56; 100 %) in supramaximal HIT, and 100 % (95; 100 %) in MIT. The supramaximal HIT group reported 60 % of the positive (112 of 186) and 36 % of the negative (52 of 146) events. At the end of the training period, the median (min; max) session RPE was 15 (12; 17) for supramaximal HIT and 14 (9; 15) for MIT. As for FS, the median last within-session rating was 3 (−1; 5) for supramaximal HIT and 3 (1; 5) for MIT. Exercise-related motivation increased (mean difference in Relative Autonomy Index score = 1.54, 95 % CI [0.69; 2.40]), while self-efficacy did not change (mean difference = 0.55, 95 % CI [-0.75; 1.82]), regardless of group. This study provide support for supramaximal HIT in supervised group settings for older adults.
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| 5. |
- Holstad, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Breastfeeding in primiparous women with congenital heart disease : a register study
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Breastfeeding Journal. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1746-4358. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe number of pregnant women with congenital heart disease (CHD) is rising, and the disease poses increased risks of cardiovascular and obstetric complications during pregnancy, potentially impacting breastfeeding success. This study aimed to investigate breastfeeding in primiparous women with CHD compared to primiparous women without CHD, and to examine potential hindering factors for breastfeeding in women with CHD.MethodsThe data were gathered between 2014 and 2019 and obtained by merging the Swedish Congenital Heart Disease Register (SWEDCON) with the Swedish Pregnancy Register. Primiparous women ≥ 18 years of age with CHD (n = 578) were matched by age and municipality to 3049 women without CHD, giving birth after 22 gestational weeks. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with non-breastfeeding in women with CHD.ResultsFewer women with CHD breastfed than women without CHD two days (94% vs. 97%, p = 0.001) and four weeks after birth (84% vs. 89%, p = 0.006). When all women were analysed, having CHD was associated with non-breastfeeding at both two days and four weeks after birth. For women with CHD, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4, 7.3), preterm birth (OR 6.4; 95% CI 2.1, 19.0), self-reported history of psychiatric illness (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.2, 5.1), small for gestational age (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.4, 12.2), and New York Heart Association Stages of Heart Failure class II − III (OR 6.0; 95% CI 1.4, 26.7) were associated with non-breastfeeding two days after birth. Four weeks after birth, factors associated with non-breastfeeding were BMI ≥ 30 (OR 4.3; 95% CI 2.1, 9.0), self-reported history of psychiatric illness (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.2, 4.2), and preterm birth (OR 8.9; 95% CI 2.8, 27.9).ConclusionsThe study shows that most women with CHD breastfeed, however, at a slightly lower proportion compared to women without CHD. In addition, factors related to the heart disease were not associated with non-breastfeeding four weeks after birth. Since preterm birth, BMI ≥ 30, and psychiatric illness are associated with non-breastfeeding, healthcare professionals should provide greater support to women with CHD having these conditions.
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| 6. |
- Holstad, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Self-rated health in primiparous women with congenital heart disease before, during and after pregnancy : a register study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 58:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Poor maternal self-rated health in healthy women is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes, but knowledge about self-rated health in pregnant women with congenital heart disease (CHD) is sparse. This study, therefore, investigated self-rated health before, during, and after pregnancy in women with CHD and factors associated with poor self-rated health.Methods: The Swedish national registers for CHD and pregnancy were merged and searched for primiparous women with data on self-rated health; 600 primiparous women with CHD and 3062 women in matched controls. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression.Results: Women with CHD equally often rated their health as poor as the controls before (15.5% vs. 15.8%, p = .88), during (29.8% vs. 26.8% p = .13), and after pregnancy (18.8% vs. 17.6% p = .46). None of the factors related to heart disease were associated with poor self-rated health. Instead, factors associated with poor self-rated health during pregnancy in women with CHD were ≤12 years of education (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.2–2.4) and self-reported history of psychiatric illness (OR 12.6, 95%CI 1.4–3.4). After pregnancy, solely self-reported history of psychiatric illness (OR 5.2, 95%CI 1.1–3.0) was associated with poor self-rated health.Conclusion: Women with CHD reported poor self-rated health comparable to controls before, during, and after pregnancy, and factors related to heart disease were not associated with poor self-rated health. Knowledge about self-rated health may guide professionals in reproductive counselling for women with CHD. Further research is required on how pregnancy affects self-rated health for the group in a long-term perspective.
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Bengt, 1964
(författare)
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Alltid redo!
- 2024
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Ingår i: Kommunal ekonomi. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Johansson, Bengt, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Alternative election news coverage? Comparing election news in political alternative and mainstream media during the 2022 Swedish election campaign.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journalistica. - 1901-6220. ; 18:1, s. 1-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contemporary media environments, mainstream news media have become increasingly challenged by political alternative media. Even though research on how political alternative media cover politics and society has increased, there is still limited research com- paring how political alternative media and mainstream news media cover key political events, such as election campaigns. To fill this gap, the purpose of this study is to compare election news coverage in political alternative and mainstream news media, drawing theoretically on theories related to mediatization and structural bias on the one hand, and politicization and political bias on the other. Empirically, the overarching research question is how election coverage in left- and right-wing political alternative and mainstream media differs. Findings suggest that political alternative media do function as an alternative to mainstream news media in that they offer more politicized coverage of election campaigns. However, left- wing, and right-wing political alternative media also constitute alternatives to each other in how the election campaigns are covered.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Att införa styrmedel : Utmaningar och möjligheter för klimatpolitiken
- 2024
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- En ambitiös politik och effektiva styrmedel behövs för en snabb klimatomställning av samhället. Det finns en stor palett av möjliga styrmedel och olika styrmedel fungerar olika bra beroende på vilka hinder för omställningen de är tänkta att hantera. Men även om det i stort är känt vad som behöver göras, vilka styrmedel som finns tillgängliga och hur de bäst kan användas är en annan fråga hur dessa styrmedel verkligen ska komma på plats. Om och hur styrmedel kan införas och fås att fungera i praktiken står i centrum i denna rapport. Syftet med rapporten är att ge en relativt lättillgänglig översikt över området och den har som huvudmålgrupp beslutsfattare på olika nivåer men också en intresserad allmänhet. Rapporten presenterar ett antal lärdomar som är värdefulla att ha med sig för en framgångsrik politik för omställning. För det första får inte svårigheten att införa det mest önskvärda styrmedlet hindra en ambitiös klimatpolitik. Även om till exempel hög kostnadseffektivitet bör eftersträvas kan ett ensidigt fokus på en aspekt försvåra nödvändiga kompromisser. För det andra behöver styrmedel uppfattas som rättvisa. Om det inte är fallet kommer genomförandet att försvåras och införda styrmedel eventuellt avvecklas. För det tredje behöver beslutsfattare vara medvetna om att maktförhållanden och intressekonflikter påverkar genomförandet och utveckla strategier för att hantera dessa. Stegvist införande kan vara en sådan där man först ser till att få ett styrmedel på plats, om än med begränsad styrverkan men som allteftersom skärps. Slutligen finns det fördelar att fokusera på policypaket med en bred uppsättning av styrmedel snarare än att enbart koncentrera sig på ett enstaka styrmedel. Styrmedlen kan vara olika effektiva för att hantera olika hinder och en mix kan därmed öka effektiviteten. Det kan även behövas parallella styrmedel för att hantera de olika målkonflikter som kan uppstå i samhället som en konsekvens av en ambitiös klimatpolitik.
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| 10. |
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