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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after selective nerve root blockade for lumbar radicular pain from lumbar disc hernia or lumbar spinal stenosis assessed by the PROMIS-29 : a prospective observational cohort study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Neurochirurgica. - : Springer Nature. - 0001-6268 .- 0942-0940. ; 166:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Selective nerve root blocks (SNRB) are used both as a therapeutic and diagnostic tool for lumbar radicular pain. Most studies evaluate the effect of SNRB simply by its relation to pain reduction. It is well known that pain is associated with other factors such as depression, anxiety, inactivity and sleeping disorders, but these patient-related outcomes are seldom evaluated. This study evaluated the influence of SNRB on pain-related outcomes including depression, anxiety, fatigue, pain interference, activity and sleep.Methods: One hundred three patients with lumbar radicular pain were treated with a SNRB. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were assessed with the PROMIS-29 for 12 weeks (84 days) following the SNRB. Patients were stratified based on their pain reduction at the 14-day follow up as responders (≥ 30% pain reduction) and non-responders (< 30% pain reduction). Post-treatment duration was estimated with the Kaplan–Meier analysis with return to baseline as an event. A paired t-test was used to compare pre- and post-treatment responses at specific time intervals.Results: Forty-four percent (n = 45) of the patients were responders and showed significant improvement in all parameters throughout the 84-days follow-up, the exception was sleep that lost significance at day 70. The mean post-treatment duration among responders was 59 (52–67) days. Non-responders showed significant improvements in pain interference and pain intensity until day 35 and in ability for social participation until 21-day.Conclusion: SNRB can improve pain intensity, pain interference, physical function, fatigue, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and the ability to participate in social roles.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Caroline
(författare)
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The Prohibitive Condition : The Performativity of the Incest Taboo and its Incestuous Remainders
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation explores the political nature of the incest taboo, with an analytical focus on its object of prohibition: incest. From the perspective of political philosophy, the incest taboo appears as problem of an unruly human nature that must be subjected to a foundational civilizing law. To this end, the taboo’s authority seems to derive from its ability to evict tendencies and desires that are somehow deemed too dangerous for society. Yet, the aim of this dissertation is to discern what the taboo is supposed to prohibit in prohibiting incest and what the conditions are that purportedly justify and continue to authorize such a prohibition. To address these concerns, I turn to psychoanalytic theory with its genealogical roots in structural anthropology, specifically the work of Sigmund Freud, Claude Lévi-Strauss and Jacques Lacan. By arguing that these authors’ writings on the incest taboo can be read as a political theory – as a version of the social contract fable – I explore how their thinking engender incest as an object of prohibition; as something that must be excluded in order for a cohesive and harmonious political community to come into being. Drawing on Judith Butler’s theory of performativity, I argue that the authority of incest taboo, as guarantor of political community, is established and reaffirmed through the iterative production and exclusion of incest as an object of prohibition. Through a queer and psychoanalytical interpretation of Bonnie Honig’s idea of ‘the remainder’, I use three cases from Sweden to illustrate how different subjects are performatively called into being as queer incestuous remainders, as figures who seem unable to comply with the normative conditions put in place by the taboo’s prohibition. As embodiments of such failure, the incestuous remainders appear uncanny and threatening to the political order constituted precisely through the exclusion of incest. Thus, by bringing psychoanalytical theory, political theory and queer theory together in an effort to theorize incest from the queer position of the remainder, this dissertation offers a political theory of the incest taboo that critically interrogates what the taboo promises to make possible by prohibiting incest.
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| 4. |
- Åkerstedt, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation - a cause of torticollis in children : [Atlantoaxial subluxation kan vara en orsak till tortikollis hos barn]
- 2023
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 120:1-3, s. 30-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation is an important differential diagnosis in young children with torticollis. The condition rarely results in neurological deficits. Radiological examinations such as computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful to determine the diagnosis. It is important for doctors in all areas of healthcare to be aware of the condition, as persistent problems or surgery can be avoided by early detection and treatment.
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| 5. |
- Teleman, Britta, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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A Norm-Creative Method for Co-constructing Personas With Children With Disabilities : Multiphase Design Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Participatory Medicine. - Toronto : JMIR Publications. - 2152-7202. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An increase in the demand for child participation in health care requires tools that enable and empower children to be involved in the co-production of their own care. The development of such tools should involve children, but participatory design and research with children have challenges, in particular, when involving children with disabilities where a low level of participation is the norm. Norm-creative and participatory approaches may bring more effective design solutions for this group. “Personas” is a methodology for increasing user perspectives in design and offers representation when users are absent. However, research on participatory persona generation in this context is limited.Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate how norm-creative and participatory design approaches can be integrated in a persona generation method to suit children with disabilities in the design of games for health that target this group.Methods: The method development involved interview transcripts and image-based workshops. Sixteen children with various disabilities participated in persona generation through co-creation of characters and scenarios. The results from the workshops were validated together with 8 children without disabilities, 1 young adult with a disability, and 1 rehabilitation professional. A qualitative thematic design analysis was iterated throughout the process.
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| 6. |
- Vasiljev, Anastasija, et al.
(författare)
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Drying fresh human urine in magnesium-doped alkaline substrates: Capture of free ammonia, inhibition of enzymatic urea hydrolysis & minimisation of chemical urea hydrolysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947. ; 428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recycling urine can reduce the flux of reactive nitrogen in the environment. This paper presents a novel approach to recover all N (Ntot) from urine, including ammonia (TAN; about 5% of Ntot), which is usually volatilised when alkalised urine is dehydrated. As analytical methods for measuring N have a standard deviation of at least 5%, real fresh urine was fortified with ammonia (urineN) or ammonia and phosphate (urineNP) so that TAN comprised 10% of Ntot. The urine was then added to different magnesium-based alkaline substrates (MgO, Mg(OH)2, MgCl2 + Mg(OH)2) and dried at 38 C. Chemical speciation modelling suggested that, irrespective of the substrate, >98% of Ntot in urineNP was recovered and 86% of TAN was precipitated as struvite. Experimental results showed that < 90% of Ntot was recovered when urineNP was dried in MgO and Mg(OH)2, suggesting that no TAN was captured. However, all phosphorus and potassium and 93% (+/- 5%) of Ntot and 30% of TAN were recovered when urineNP was dried in MgCl2 + Mg(OH)2, as the [Mg]:[NH4]:[PO4] molar ratio of 1.69:1.14:1.0 in urine favoured formation of struvite. Overall, this study demonstrated that all ammonia excreted in real fresh urine (unfortified, TAN < 5% Ntot) can be captured if urine is dried in substrates containing 3.7 g MgCl2.6H2O L-1 or 2.2 g MgSO4 L-1, but no calcium. Ammonia can also be captured if fresh urine is saturated with MgO or Mg(OH)2 with high reactivity (<60 s citric acid test). If the drying substrate has pH > 10 throughout the treatment, urease enzyme-catalysed degradation of urea to ammonia is prevented, resulting in complete recovery of all nutrients. The end-product is a solid fertiliser containing 10-11% nitrogen, 1-2% phosphorus and 2-3% potassium.
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| 7. |
- Sülau, Andréas, et al.
(författare)
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Komplex matchning av kompetensutvecklingsbehov inom digitalisering och hållbar utveckling: En kartläggning av industriföretag i Västsverige
- 2021
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Ingår i: VILÄR. - 9788409345496 ; , s. 13-14
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Med allt högre krav på ett hållbart samhälle ökar behoven av en snabb och innovativ produktion med högteknologiska lösningar och ökad kompetens för att möta framtidens digitala transformation. Industrin står därmed inför stora behov av kompetens och tillgång till akademisk spjutspetsutbildning i flexibla former. Kraven på en effektiv produktion efterfrågar nya kunskaper inom områdena, produktionsteknik, digital produktion (I4.0), elektrifiering men även hållbart ledarskap. Det gäller både tekniska djupkunskaper och hur organisationen kan tar tillvara interdisciplinära kunskaper för att möjliggöra tekniklösningar för en hållbar industri. Studier visar dock en diskrepans mellan företagens förmåga att definiera kompetensbehov och akademins svårigheter att möta rätt nivå och innehåll. I Västsvenska handelskammarens rapport framgår det generellt att utbildningssystemet inte är anpassat för yrkesverksamma i näringslivet. Matchningsproblematiken mellan industri-akademi är mångfacetterad och det finns skillnader avseende definition av ämnesinnehåll, flexibla kursformer, organisationskultur, etc. Forskning visar att arbetsplatser efterfrågar både procedurkunskap (veta hur) för rutinbaserade och repetitiva uppgifter och konceptuell kunskap (veta att), som bygger på djupförståelse.Studiens syfte är att synliggöra industrins perspektiv på kompetensmatchning och den utgår ifrån en behovsinventering genomförd under 2021, i projektet ExSus, Hållbar och digitaliserad produktion, vid Högskolan Väst. 15 teknikchefer inom större SMF-företag intervjuades (konsult- och tillverkningsindustri) om kompetensbehov och utmaningar med digitalisering och hållbar produktion. Resultaten är mångfacetterade och visar behov av specifik och omedelbar kunskap, medan andra efterfrågar generellt lärande om Industri 4.0 (maskinlärande, sakernas internet, sensorteknik mm). Vidare finns det behov av AI (Artificiell Intelligens), fast man upplever problem med applicering. Allt fler efterfrågar kunskap utifrån ett organisations- och ledningsperspektiv, för generell förståelse, samt användning och nytta med teknologiutvecklingen, exempelvis överbryggningsutbildningar inom AI, maskinlärande och hållbar produktion i praktiken. Några efterlyser tydligare kommunikation och större samordning mellan utbildningsaktörer. Högskolan Västs nya projekt ExSus och tidigare kompetensutvecklingsprojekt, t ex ProdEx visar dock lyckade satsningar. Sammantaget finns det fortfarande ett glapp mellan akademins excellens och företagens behov av djupkunskap utifrån ett flexibelt och arbetsintegrerat lärande. Detta talar för kontinuerlig kompetensmatchning för att skapa synergier, tvärvetenskaplighet och ökad samproduktion mellan industri och akademi
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| 8. |
- Simha, Prithvi, et al.
(författare)
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Field Testing a Pilot-Scale System for Alkaline Dehydration of Source-Separated Human Urine: A Case Study in Finland
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Environmental Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-665X. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alkaline dehydration can treat human urine to produce a dry and nutrient-rich fertilizer. To evaluate the technology at pilot-scale, we built a prototype with capacity to treat 30 L urine d(-1)and field tested it for the first time at a military training camp in Finland. We operated the system for 3 months and monitored the recovery of nutrients, end-product composition, physicochemical properties and energy consumption. Results revealed that the system received less urine than anticipated, but achieved high dehydration rates (30-40 L d(-1)m(-2)), recovered 30 +/- 6% N, and yielded end-products with 1.4% N, 0.9% P, and 8.3% K. However, we demonstrated that the system had potential to recover nearly 70% N and produce fertilizers containing 13.2% N, 2.3% P, and 6.0% K, if it was operated at the design capacity. The energy demand for dehydrating urine was not optimized, but we suggested several ways of reducing it. We also discussed concerns surrounding non-essential heavy metals, salts, and micropollutants, and how they can be overcome to safely recycle urine. Lastly, we pointed out the research gaps that need to be addressed before the technology can be implemented at larger scale.
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| 9. |
- Feshari, Nadia, et al.
(författare)
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Abort – vems rättighet?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för Genusvetenskap. - : Ämnesföreningen för genusvetenskap. - 1654-5443 .- 2001-1377. ; 40:3-4, s. 11-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article interrogates how the concept of fetal “personhood” is employed in the political debate on abortion in Swedish politics. By examining the arguments for and against changes in Swedish abortion policy, we critically engage with some of the problems that the Swedish abortion legislation is faced with, from a feminist perspective. The article illustrates how assumptions of fetal “personhood” are central to arguments that challenge the current Swedish abortion policy, whilst the defense of this policy rests on recognition of the subjectivity and agency of women seeking abortion. We argue that, in order to address new challenges to the legislation, there is a greater need to question assumptions about “fetal life.” Thus, our article builds on and contributes to previous research that emphasize the importance of feminist engagement with fetal representations in order to defend and uphold women’s bodily and reproductive rights.
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