| 1. |
- Valdeson, Fredrik, 1989-
(författare)
-
Ditransitives in Swedish : A Usage-Based Study of the Double Object Construction and Semantically Equivalent Prepositional Object Constructions 1800–2016
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines the use of the Swedish double object construction (the DOC) and compares this with the use of three semantically equivalent prepositional object constructions (POCs): the till-POC, the åt-POC and the för-POC. The thesis has a diachronic perspective, investigating changes in the use of these four constructions between 1800 and 2016. The theoretical framework employed is usage-based construction grammar. The overall aim of the thesis is to shed light on the use of the DOC and the three POCs in Swedish during the selected period and to incorporate these findings into the general theoretical discussion in usage-based construction grammar on double object constructions and dative alternations. In addition, the thesis aims to determine the theoretical status of the double object construction in present-day Swedish. Ditransitives are an extensively studied topic in construction grammar. However, ditransitives in Swedish have not previously been the subject of any major study. The present study is corpus-based, drawing on prose fiction data from 1800–1999 and blog data from 2016. The data were collected from the National Language Bank of Sweden, using the search interface Korp (Borin et al. 2012).The study shows that the DOC has decreased in text frequency. The DOC has also undergone a decrease in the lexical richness of the verb slot, which means that the construction is used with fewer verbs in present-day Swedish compared to nineteenth-century Swedish. Furthermore, the semantic range of the DOC has decreased. An analysis of a number of selected verb-specific and verb-class-specific constructions also revealed that some verbs undergo a decrease in the lexical richness of the direct object slot, when used in the DOC. The relations between the DOC and the three POCs have also changed considerably since the early nineteenth century. In present-day Swedish, verbs that are attested in the till-POC and the för-POC make up a larger proportion of the verbs found in the DOC compared to the nineteenth century. Thus, the overlap between the constructions has increased. This is the consequence of an increased use of both the till-POC and the för-POC, combined with the decreased use of the DOC. Both the till-POC and the för-POC are used with a wider range of verbs in present-day Swedish compared to nineteenth-century Swedish. The proportion of åt-POC verbs attested in the DOC remains stable over time. However, the semantic range of the åt-POC has decreased during the investigated period. The analysis of selected verb-specific and verb-class-specific constructions revealed that the till-POC appears to be taking over functions from the åt-POC.The results are discussed in the light of different models drawn from usage-based construction grammar, including semantic maps, taxonomic networks and horizontal links. I argue that the DOC and the åt-POC have become less schematic, whereas the till-POC has become more schematic. The för-POC, I argue, has retained its level of schematicity but appears to be used more liberally in present-day Swedish. The fact that there is an increased overlap between, on the one hand, the DOC and the till-POC and, on the other, the DOC and the för-POC, indicates strengthened horizontal links between the DOC and these two POCs. Finally, I argue that the decreased use of the DOC might to some extent be the consequence of a change in stylistic norms in the prose fiction genre.
|
|
| 2. |
- Hellberg, Staffan, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
-
Sjutton studier : Valda artiklar om fonologi, grammatik, semantik, text och språkhistoria
- 2017
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Artiklarna behandlar vitt skilda ämnen: ljudförändringar, perspektiv i skönlitteratur, substantivböjning, dialogicitet och dolda konflikter i myndighetstext, adjektivens grundläggande betydelser, ordet vikings historia, svenskans sätt att uttrycka uppmaningar och åtskilligt annat. Genomgående kännetecknas de av att omsorgsfull empirisk kartläggning förenas med djupgående diskussion av modeller och teorier. För den som vill förstå hur en modern lingvist arbetar vetenskapligt med svenskt och nordiskt språk finns här mycket att läsa och lära.
|
|
| 3. |
- Pettersson, Theresia, 1979-
(författare)
-
Stockholms stads tänkeböcker : Funktionell texthistoria 1476-1626
- 2017
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to shed light on language variation and language change in judicial protocols from the municipal court in Stockholm during the period 1476−1626. These documents provide a unique insight into late medieval and early modern use of written vernacular. The main material consists of 700 courtroom notes from seven different periods of time, a hundred documents from each year: 1476, 1499, 1525, 1550, 1575, 1600, and 1626. The study draws theoretically on functional linguistics; more specifically, it utilizes Halliday’s systemic-functional grammar, Ulf Teleman’s (1985) theoretical model of language change, as well as dialogism.The results are presented in four analytical chapters. In the first of these, the aim is to systemize the somewhat heterogeneous material, and the corpus is divided in two different ways: one due to judicial content (‘categories of matter’), and one due to textual structure (‘discourse levels’). These systemizations also serve as a methodological foundation for the lexicogrammatical analysis in the following chapters. A main result is that multi-party cases over time develop a functional need for new communication strategies, while unilateral cases already from the beginning seem to bear a more deep-rooted textual stability. In addition, there is a significant increase of discourse level 3, representing communicative events outside the courtroom, in multi-party cases found in texts from 1600 and 1626. In the two following chapters, lexicogrammatical resources of ‘personal reference’ and ‘time and tense’ are analysed. The texts realize different patterns of anaphora, where individuation explains much of the variation: texts with high degree of individuation (criminal cases) materialize a high degree of pronouns, whereas texts regarding property issues materialize low individuation with few pronouns and many full NPs. Regarding the use of tense, the past tense is the most common tense. Still, the study shows an diachronic increase in the use of present tense. The last analytical chapter examines the use of three lexical features: judicial pronouns; word pairs; and nominalizations. The results show that judicial pronouns and word pairs typically occur in registrations matters; nominalizations occur throughout the genre. In the last chapter, the results and implications of the thesis are summated and discussed.The results point towards a pragmatic use of the written language. Although the lexicogrammatical resources are the same during the period, the usages vary. Hence, linguistic variation and change are highly motivated by an intercommunion of contextual factors such as a more solid administrative literacy, a changing litigation, and an increase of legal demands for linguistic precision and documentation. It is argued that the language variety in the genre can be understood as instantiations of different registers.
|
|
| 4. |
- Prytz, Johanna, 1979-
(författare)
-
Optional rhemes and omitted undergoers : An event structure approach to implicit objects in Swedish
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to define the essential syntactic-semantic properties of three types of objectless sentences in present-day Swedish. The three types of objectless sentences are labeled descriptively as follows: Implicit Object Read type (IOR) with pseudo-transitive verbs like läsa ‘read’; Implicit Object Open type (IOO), which involves various sets of transitive verbs like öppna ‘open’ and bära ‘carry’; and Implicit Object Kill type (IOK), which typically involves destruction verbs like döda ‘kill’. The study is framed within Ramchand’s (2008) syntactic model with a three-partite decomposed verb phrase, which distinguishes between two types of objects: RHEMES, which are inserted into a complement position in the verb phrase, and UNDERGOERS, which are inserted into a specifier position.In this work, IOR is argued to be an objectless version of pseudo-transitive verbs with optional RHEMES, whereas IOO and IOK are argued to involve ‘true’ transitive verbs with omitted UNDERGOER objects. As a consequence, the IOR verbs are analyzed as sharing their structure with some verbs usually regarded as intransitive, such as springa ‘run’ and arbeta ‘work’, which can also marginally take RHEME objects. This opens up for a discussion on the transitive- intransitive distinction and the object status of RHEMES, as well as a discussion of lexical knowledge versus encyclopedic knowledge. The distinction of optional RHEMES and syntactically obligatory UNDERGOER objects is argued to arise from event structural differences among sets of verbs, as well as from different verb-object relations that are made possible within the three-partite verb phrase. The structural verb-object relations are argued to be influenced further by encyclopedic associations of particular verbs and by knowledge about the world.In contrast to IOR, IOO and IOK are both argued to involve the omission of an UNDERGOER object of a true transitive verb. In the case of IOO, the object referent is salient and specific, whereas for IOK, the object referent is non-specific. Thus, the restriction on IOO as well as on IOK can be informally phrased in terms of the object only being omissible if it is interpretable, or somewhat more formally, if the free variable can be bound. However, the variable binding is assumed to occur in two distinct ways, further motivating the distinction of IOO and IOK. Whereas the free variable of an IOO object is pragmatically bound, the variable of an IOK object is instead bound by an existential operator above the VP.
|
|
| 5. |
- Westberg, Gustav, 1984-
(författare)
-
Legitimerade föräldraskap 1870–2010 : En diskurshistorisk undersökning
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to historize discourses of parenthood by analyzing how they are negotiated and legitimized in Swedish non-literary and wide spread texts published in the 1870s, 1940s and 2010s. The analyzed corpus consists of the following: family and women’s movement magazines from the 1870s; a public counseling brochure and weekly magazines from the 1940s; blog texts; online health counseling; parent magazines; and public welfare information from the 2010s. The study moreover aims to make an inventory of which visual and lexico-grammatical resources realize legitimating strategies in the texts.Theoretically, the thesis draws on constructivist and feminist discourse theories and social semiotics. There is an emphasis on subject positions and power relations. The thesis investigates which parental subject positions are legitimized in the corpus, what power relations they reproduce, and furthermore how different positions are transformed as discontinuities of each other and over time.The results are presented in four analytical chapters. In the first of these, findings derived from the legitimation analysis of the 1870s are presented. The following two chapters present the results derived from the analysis of the 1940s and 2010s. The fourth research chapter presents an inventory of semiotic resources with the potential to realize legitimating strategies.One crucial discourse-historical result regards how the position of the mother as primary caretaker predominates in the research data. However, the position is mainly legitimized during the 1870s and transformed into legitimacy during the 1940s and 2010s. The analysis furthermore captures how the same position is legitimized during the 1870s with reference to a discourse concerning a divine order of things. Although this divine discourse is muted during the 1940s and 2010s, it continues to imprint the representations. Moreover, the analysis captures how discourses of legitimate parenthood constitute discourses of manhood, Swedishness, expert knowledge, responsiveness to children, consumption and risk management throughout the investigated periods, yet in discontinuous ways.The overall conclusion drawn is that legitimized discourses from one historical setting can constitute silent foundations for representations in later historical contexts. By unraveling history from past to present, the thesis shows how it is possible to identify presupposed lineages of today’s ideas and discourses, and thereby to deconstruct hegemonic truths and the power relations they reproduce.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Delsing, Lars-Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
Den stora katastrofen med för- och efterskalv : om kasussammanfallet i fornsvenska
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Studier i svensk språkhistoria 12.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- I denna uppsats gör jag två saker. För det första ger jag en kortfattad beskrivning över kasussammanfallet i fornsvenska. För det andra diskuterar jag orsakerna till kasussammanfallet. Jag identifierar två viktiga tidsperioder då kasussystemet förändras. Den första inträffar kring 1300 och den andra kring 1450, åtminstone i Mälardalen. Jag kallar den första för Lilla katastrofen och den andra för Stora katastrofen. Jag kommer att visa att Lilla katastrofen innebär en förenkling. Framför allt förenklas tilldelningen av kasus på predikatens argument, men förenklingen sker även i nominalfrasen. Kasusanvändningen blir i stor utsträckning redundant. Jag visar också att Stora katastrofen innebär ett nästan fullständigt bortfall av alla kasusformer (utom på personliga pronomen). Jag undersöker också Stora katastrofens orsaker, och kan visa att den sker tidigast i Stockholmsområdet och Kalmar, och jag hävdar att den därmed främst bör sättas i samband med det stora inslaget av lågtyskar i dessa städer.
|
|
| 8. |
-
Studier i svensk språkhistoria 12 : Variation och förändring
- 2014
-
Proceedings (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Konferensserien Svenska språkets historia höll sin tolfte sammankomst i Stockholm 13–14 april 2012. Konferensens tema denna gång var Variation och förändring. Det är ett brett tema: språkhistoria är i mycket just ett studium av hur språk varierar i tiden och förändras över tiden. Temat belystes ur olika perspektiv av fyra inbjudna plenarföreläsare: Lars-Gunnar Andersson (Göteborg), Lars-Olof Delsing (Lund), Karl G. Johansson (Oslo) och Mirja Saari (Helsingfors). De fyra plenarföreläsningarna inleder denna konferensvolym. Därtill hölls 22 sektionsföredrag, varav 15 publiceras här.
|
|
| 9. |
- Bylin, Maria, 1974-
(författare)
-
Aspektuella hjälpverb i svenskan
- 2013
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis tells the tales of auxiliation in Swedish. It describes how the auxiliary features of the aspectual auxiliaries bruka ‘use to’, tendera ‘tend to’, börja ‘begin, start’, fortsätta ‘continue’, sluta ‘stop, cease’ och hota ‘threaten’ evolve, as seen in a text corpora covering the 11th to the 21st century.A grammaticalization perspective is employed, which not unexpectedly has implications for the way data is interpreted and presented, but also less expectedly for how the method is understood and applied. The method consists of Swedish auxiliary tests, designed to reveal auxiliary features. The discussion of their validity involves auxiliation theory as well as a more general theoretical discussion of how the category and the function of auxiliaries have been conceived. The main point made is that a valid test should have an explicit link to auxiliary function. Establishing the nature of such a link, however, is no trivial matter and so the plausibility of the link turns out to be the main factor in judging the validity of auxiliary tests.In the early stages of the auxiliation processes, action nominals were often used as complements of the verbs under study. Later on these verbs started taking infinitive complements, lost their semantic restrictions on their subjects and started occurring in a type of passive construction where the nonfinite verb carries the semantic relationship to the arguments of the clause. The occurrence in this type of passive construction is perceived as the most plausible indication of auxiliary function available for subject raising auxiliaries, since the auxiliary and the nonfinite verb in these clauses do function together as one single predicate.The evolution of these aspectual auxiliaries essentially follows the predictions made by auxiliation theory. That said, they all show individual deviations from those predictions, depending on such factors as their semantics, their source construction and during which period in the history of Swedish their auxiliation took place.
|
|
| 10. |
- Falk, Cecilia, 1960-
(författare)
-
Ledföljden i fornsvenska infinitivfraser
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Studier i svensk språkhistoria 10. - Göteborg : Meijerbergs institut för svensk etymologisk forskning. - 9789197474757 ; , s. 99-107
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
