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- Liljefrost, Emilia, 1975-
(författare)
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Små lån, fattiga vänner : Om betydelsen av symboliskt och socialt kapital för mikrofinansanvändare i tre kenyanska organisationer, 2002-2006
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is to investigate how poor people are viewed on an international policy level and what role the social context has for microfinance users. The study uses research methods such as text analysis, interviews and observations. To be able to achieve the aim of the thesis, a theoretical framework utilizing the concepts of symbolic and social capital and trust has been used. Stakeholders expect that microfinance will improve poor people and their access to financial services. The idea is that this will strengthen people’s livelihoods through its empowering effects. The thesis demonstrates that it is crucial to the international aid stakeholders to identify the poor that are to be reached by microfinance. However, the categories that are utilized are limited when it comes to the extent they include the variety of dimensions regarding what it means to live under scarce circumstances. At the same time, to live under scarce circumstances seems to be much more complex than what the international policies envisage. Poor people lack economic capital and many do not have access to convenient financial institutions, but they also lack other essential things. The thesis shows how the users’ need for trust is as important as the financial services as such. To be able to foresee other people’s behavior, which is necessary in the process aiming to establish trust, there are two enabling factors: firstly, the existence of shared norms and secondly, a social setting that guarantees their existence. Norms reduce the complexity that living with others brings. This means that there are aspects of inclusion and exclusion involved: exclusion, since a system that includes rules means that people who do not live according to the norms could be considered to have broken the rules and therefore are no longer accepted as full worthy members; inclusion, since living according the norms will be rewarded with recognition and acceptance by the others in the group and increased symbolic and social capital will be the outcome. If norms exist within a social setting it will be more effective and therefore useful for the establishment of trust.
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- Berggren, Björn, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk management strategies in housing finance: Three case studies of creating sustainable housing finance models for low-income households in developing countries
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Business Research. - 1555-1296. ; 9:3, s. 153-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the risk management strategies used by lenders to finance housing for low-income households in developing countries. Three case studies of housing finance representing three distinct typologies of local financial solutions are used to develop a model for risk management strategies. The provider of housing loans in a developing country must tackle three types of risk: development/production risk, maintenance/management risk, and income risk. Lenders use a risk management strategy that combines monitoring and trust to reduce the problems related to adverse selection and moral hazard. The study provides evidence that in creating a sustainable system for the home financing of low-income households, policymakers need to consider the comparative advantages that different lenders provide in their various roles. Furthermore, this paper fulfills an important role by combining the traditional banking and finance literature with theories concerning trust and social capital and by extending the analysis to encompass the topic of home financing for low-income households.
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