| 1. |
- Christophliemk, Hanna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Surface Analyses of Thin Multiple Layer Barrier Coatings of Poly(vinyl alcohol) for Paperboard
- 2023
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Ingår i: Coatings. - : MDPI. - 2079-6412. ; 13:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis of the present study is that thin multiple layer coatings on paperboard from the aqueous solutions of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) at high machine speeds is more effective in terms of barrier properties than one or two thick layers. The objectives included attempts to use surface roughness parameters to understand the coating process and mechanisms behind coating defects. The present study is focused on pilot-scaled PVOH coating onto uncoated paperboard at machine speeds of 400 m/min. The multiple coating operation was carried out in six passes with a dry coat weight of about 1 g/m2 in each layer. The concept of thin multiple coatings resulted in coated surfaces without detected pinholes and with Kit rating 12 after only two thin layers. However, the oxygen transmission rates were still fairly high (100 & PLUSMN; 89 cm3/m2 day atm) after six layers, and some coating defects (such as craters and cracks) could be identified. The analyses of surface structure indicated that the surface properties are affected by water uptake during the coating processes. The compression of paperboard beneath the metering element seemed to be required to achieve homogeneous thin layers. However, an analysis of defects revealed flaws and inhomogeneities near objects protruding from the surface, such as surface fibers and craters, caused by blistering. For rough paperboard substrates, the desired barrier properties may require a careful balance between sufficient compression for fiber coverage and gentle compression in order to avoid defects near craters and surface fibers.
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| 2. |
- Bauer, J. M., et al.
(författare)
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Regulation and innovation in 5G markets
- 2022
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Ingår i: Telecommunications Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-5961. ; 46:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the roles and consequences of different approaches to 5G market design for innovation. The analysis is grounded in a conceptual framework that explicitly considers the complementarities among networks, applications, and services. Good policy arrangements align the legal and regulatory framework with the technical and economic characteristics of the sector and the broader, social visions for new technologies. Because the future development of 5G technology and markets is open-ended, policy has to be developed with incomplete knowledge and under conditions of uncertainty. These circumstances call for adaptive forms of policy and a focus on the creation of guardrails for market players, backed up by regulatory powers to intervene more directly if necessary. In the technologically dynamic 5G system, multiple stable policy constellations are feasible, but they likely will result in divergent outcomes and performance characteristics. Monitoring of the experience with different national and international developments will facilitate global learning and the incremental improvement of policy frameworks.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Hasbi, Maude, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of broadband quality on median income and unemployment: Evidence from Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Telematics and Informatics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0736-5853. ; 66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on a unique and exhaustive database, including micro-level pooled cross-sectional data on 23 million observations over nine years, from 2009 to 2017, we assess whether broadband quality is correlated with income and unemployment reduction. Overall, the results do not tend to show any significant effect of download speed on either income or the unemployment rate. However, after distinguishing between educational attainment and city size, we obtained heterogeneous results. While we the results suggest a substitution effect between high-skilled workers and broadband in small and medium cities, we also show that broadband quality is positively correlated with unemployment reduction for low-skilled workers in small cities with broadband over 100 Mbit/s. However, the economic significance of the effect is rather low.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bohlin, Erik, 1980
(författare)
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Fria utbildningar i humaniora visar vägen
- 2021
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Ingår i: TTELA : Trollhättans tidning Lilla Edet-posten. - 1652-9391. ; :2021-07-06
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 7. |
- Hanafizadeh, Payam, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the consequence of social media usage on firm performance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Digital Business. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-9544. ; 1:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to identify the consequence of social media usage on firm performance. To this end, it proposes a conceptual map that shows promising linkages between the maturity level realization of an organization in social media usage and its corresponding performance consequences. The conceptual map was developed by combining two theories: performance theory and theory of growth and maturity in social media, and then through systematic mapping. This map can predict what performance consequences will emerge in the organization for each stage of maturity in social media usage. According to this conceptual map, the organization is expected to benefit from accessing and sharing knowledge by realizing the first stage of maturity. The realization of the second stage is expected to establish more relationships with the customers, and the third stage will be followed by product and new processes development. By promoting the organization to the fourth stage, it is expected that communication with the organization's stakeholders emerges via social media. In the fifth stage, social media will help with value creation. Thus, managers and professionals can predict what performance consequences they will benefit from if each stage of maturity is realized.
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| 8. |
- Lindeberg, Fredrik, 1987-
(författare)
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Coordinating the Internet : Thought styles, technology and coordination
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Internet is often mentioned as a driver for digitization or a democratizing tool for societies. However, the Internet is seldom explained, conceptualized or defined. This dissertation elaborates upon and conceptualizes the Internet through three lenses, or thought styles, referred to as the interoperability, the bureaucratic and the market thought styles in an effort to provide an overarching or holistic view of the concept that is the Internet. The Internet, as captured and conceptualized in this dissertation, is separate from services on top, such as the web, by explicit design for an interoperable network which decouples the use of the network from the network itself. A thought style can be considered a set of guiding values or principles of one’s thoughts. This dissertation focuses on different views of technology and coordination depending on thought style, that is conflicts and compatibilities between thought styles rather than conflicts and compatibilities between technology and coordination. This dissertation proposes that the Internet was, and is to a lesser extent, primarily mediated through norms in what I denote the interoperability thought style, which aims and strives for interoperability of both technology and coordination. In modern times the norms of the interoperable Internet, through principles such as separation of concerns, are challenged by market actors striving for profits and bureaucracies wanting to subject the Internet to laws and regulations. As core Internet standards were formulated with explicit intention of open-endedness, the vertical integration native to value capture by market actors and control by bureaucracies provides an arena for conflict and misunderstanding. In a sense, the purpose of the interoperability thought style is to limit path dependency, that is to keep all options open for as long as possible. This is contrary to market logic, where an actor might gain an advantage by shaping and therefore premeditating future market decisions. There are discussions concerning both what the Internet is, and concerning what the Internet should be. This dissertation illustrates these issues through thought styles, even if the thought styles sometimes are so far apart it is impossible to find compatible common ground for agreement or disagreement. Net neutrality is an example of such an issue. Seen from the core values of the interoperability thought style, traffic differentiation based on traffic content is not permitted, since traffic content by design should be separated from the implementation of the network to provide interoperability and separation of concerns. This in practice implies net neutrality, but not through regulation or policy, but instead by technical design to ensure open-endedness and permissionless innovation at the edges of the Internet. In addition, the concept of regulation is in conflict with the interoperability thought style, as regulation aims to control or forbid behavior, whereas the interoperability perspective strives to allow and permit behavior. This is in conflict with the principles of the bureaucratic thought style where regulation is one of the means through which to attain a want. Similarly, core values of the market thought style, such as bundling, market barriers and lock-in effects are in stark conflict with the embedded open-endedness of the Internet and the Internet’s architecture. In particular there are two separate groups of actors with a primary market perspective: the actors selling services on the Internet, and the actors selling Internet-service. Their logics are similar, but their goals different, and regulation and technical standards could provide an advantage to either of the two types of for-profit actors. It is important to note that these thought styles are not tied to education or work title. As an example, an engineer can be bureaucratic by preferring consolidating and integrative design for control. Or a manager might be interoperability minded by avoiding a business decision because it would have led to technical lock-in down the line. This thesis suggests that the Internet today can be conceptualized as an architecture and set of protocols for best-effort digital end-to-end communication effected by its users through adhocratic processes based on ideals of design for interoperability. This conceptualization is primarily grounded in the interoperability perspective; however, notions of the bureaucratic and market perspectives are becoming prevalent, particularly in actual and future coordination of the Internet. The Internet is currently in a slow transformation towards a more vertically integrated network coordinated by value capture and regulation; this is different from a network where all components explicitly are decoupled to as large extent as possible. These perspectives with their compatibilities and conflicts are captured through interviews, discussions, reading of academic literature, bylaws, standards, routing data and exploration of Internet use. This dissertation also intends to be an introduction to the nascent field of Internet coordination and suggests, through examples, relevant approaches to capture multifaceted arenas colored by norms, values, coordination, and technology.
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| 9. |
- Bohlin, Erik, 1980-
(författare)
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Bidrag till tolkningen av den latinska inskriften på den danska medaljen slagen till minne av Vänersborgs erövring år 1676
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fornvännen. - Solna : Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien. - 0015-7813 .- 1404-9430. ; 115:4, s. 251-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Danish medal struck to commemorate the capture of Vänersborg in 1676 duringthe Scanian War (1675–1679) features a Latin inscription: Hic transiit invia virtus. In this article different interpretations of the inscription are subjected to renewed scrutiny, which will lead to the rehabilitation of a previously rejected interpretation as part of a double meaning of the inscription itself. Being a token of Latin war propaganda of 17th-century Scandinavia, the medal and its inscription are studied with due attention given to both the historical context and the philological aspects of Early Modern Latin.
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| 10. |
- Bohlin, Erik, 1980
(författare)
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Bidrag till tolkningen av den latinska inskriften på den danska medaljen slagen till minne av Vänersborgs erövring år 1676 : Contribution to the interpretation of the Latin inscription on the Danish medal struck in memory of the capture of Vanersborg in 1676
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fornvännen - Journal of Swedish Antiquarian Research. - 0015-7813. ; 115:4, s. 251-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1676, during the Scanian War (1675-1679), the Danish Governor-General of Norway, Ulrik Frederik Gyldenlove, led a military campaign in western Sweden, commonly known as the Gyldenlove War. On the 25th and 26th of June, his army defeated the Swedish forces at the fortified town of Vanersborg, whereby the Swedish troops retreated, the abandoned town was seized, and its fortlet surrendered. To commemorate the victory, a Danish medal was struck shortly thereafter; its reverse features an outline of the fortified town and a Latin inscription: HIC TRANSIIT INVIA VIRTUS. The inscription has generally been interpreted in such a way that invia is taken to be the direct object (in the accusative neuter plural) of transiit: "Here valour passed the impassable" (so van Loon 1728/1732, Galster 1936, Blomgren 1965), viz. the Danes' offensive valour is being lauded. In this article, however, it is argued that Ossbahr's (19 2 7) interpretation ("Here the impassable valour was lost"; invia taken as a modifier qualifying virtus) rejected by later scholarship, granted a slight modification, not only becomes valid but also has its demonstrable merits; hence: "Here the impregnable valour was lost." The phrase invia virtus, 'impregnable valour', attested in Early Modern Latin, is here understood as referring to the defenders' favourable strategic position at Vanersborg and also - with intended Danish ridicule - to the poor defensive performance of the Swedish military and ultimately the Swedish king himself. For during the winter of 1675-1676, King Charles XI had resided in Vanersborg overseeing military preparations in the area, but no longer than approximately two months after his departure, the town was conquered by Gyldenlove. Moreover, it is suggested that the Latin inscription alludes to the well-known Pater sancte, sic transitgloria mundi ("Holy Father, thus passes the glory of the world"). Even though both interpretations are likely to convey an intended double meaning of the inscription, priority is given to "Here the impregnable valour was lost", as it constitutes a more effective and polemical Danish response to the Latin inscribed on the Swedish medal struck in honour of King Charles X Gustavus' march over the frozen Danish straits of the Little Belt and the Great Belt in 1658: Invia virtuti nulla est via ("No way is impassable to valour"; Ovid's Metamorphoses 14,113). As the Danish medal undoubtedly is a reply to the Swedish one, the response carries additional force by stating that the formerly mighty Swedish valour has expired (and hence the tables have turned) rather than by solely purporting that the Danish valour has managed to imitate the Swedish feat of leading an army over frozen sea in the heart of Denmark by capturing a fortified town near the border to Norway.
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